二叠纪的

Phylogenetic analysis suggests that the batrachian divergence occurred in the Middle Permian, rather than the late Carboniferous as recently estimated using molecular clocks18, 22, but the divergence with caecilians corresponds to the deep split between temnospondyls and lepospondyls, which is congruent with the molecular estimates.

谱系分析认为蛙形两栖类的分歧应发生于二叠纪中期，而不是石炭纪末。然而，与离片椎类和壳椎类这一意义深远的分歧密切相关的事件——蛙形两栖类与无足目的分歧的时间却与分子钟所估计的相符。

Data of major andminor elements in magnetite, cassiterite, galena and sphalerite from oredeposits within this ore belt suggest that these ore deposits are of skarn,hydrothermal, porphyry and greisen types related to Yanshanian magmaticactivity and that iron in ores came from regional Permian marine interme-diate-basic volcanic rocks whereas partial lead and zinc from Permian geo-synclinic sediments.

矿带中各矿床的磁铁矿、锡石、方铅矿、闪锌矿的主元素和微量元素数据表明，这些矿床是属与燕山期岩浆活动有关的矽卡岩型、热液型、斑岩型和云英岩型矿床；其成矿金属组分中的铁来源于区域晚古生代海相中-基性火山岩，部分铅锌来源于区域二叠纪地槽沉积物。

According to the space distribution characters of tectonic-sequence-based lithofacies and paleogeography, it is showed that three types of hydrocarbon source-rock including carbonate rock, clay and coal in Permian mainly are developed in transgression and maximal sea flooding of two order sequences, and they deposite respectively on platforms with gentle slope in craton, in rift basins and around old lands.

构造-层序岩相古地理的空间展布特征表明，二级层序的海侵期和最大海泛期是二叠纪烃源岩发育的主要时期，分别在克拉通的缓坡台地上、裂陷槽盆和古陆周缘形成了碳酸盐岩、泥质岩和煤系三类烃源岩。

According to the identification of fossil woods, it shows that they all belong to Araucarioxylon, with the stage age of Qixia, though there are some anatomical differences among them; Following two mathematical clustering analysis methods-analysis of variance and CSDM curve, metrical numerical values are quantitatively analysed, then, skew value of curve and its relationship with leaf longevity are showed.

经过鉴定研究认为，本区的木化石均属于松柏类中的南洋杉型木属，为栖霞阶化石；应用方差分析、CSDM曲线相关分析等数学聚类分析方法，对木化石标本的测量数据进行了定量分析研究，探讨了曲线偏差值与叶寿命的关系，认为本区二叠纪木化石均为常绿树种-南洋杉型木，但有可能存在落叶树种，且生长年限有较大差异。

According to the single factor analysis and comprehensive mapping method,a lithofacies palaeogeography map of each age of Permo-Carboniferous period in Linqing prospect area was compiled,and the vertical evolution and horizontal distribution of sedimentary facies in Permo.

采用单因素分析综合作图法，编制出了临清探区石炭二叠纪各期的岩相古地理图，对石炭二叠系的沉积相纵向演化和横向展布有了系统的认识。

Based on the previous researches, combined with the further understanding of the present oil\|gas exploration, the exploitation of the Junggar basin, the analysis of the sedimental strata characteristics in different stages and the mountains profiles on the margin of the Junngar basin, it is considered that there are three\|period foreland basins formed since the Permain in Junggar basin.

基于前人的研究成果，结合在准噶尔盆地油气勘探开发实践中取得的新认识和对准噶尔盆地周缘盆—山耦合区带地质剖面及盆地不同时期沉积地层特征的分析，认为该盆地自二叠纪以来发育了3期前陆盆地，这3期前陆盆地及与其相关坳陷的组合和叠加是形成准噶尔盆地丰富油气资源和多样化成藏模式的主要原因。

Based on tectonic evolution and magmatic activity of the Junggar basin and its surroundings,it is recognized that the ocean-continent transformation occurred at the end of the Early Carboniferous,and that a rifted trough of Middle-Late Carboniferous developed because of post-orogenic extensional collapse;(2)the prototypes of Permian-Early Pleistocene basins...

尽管油气地质勘探工作已达50多年，积累了丰富资料，但对于盆地原型和构造演化的看法仍然存在很大的分歧。分歧点主要是：(1)中、晚石炭世盆地的性质，究竟是属于残留海、海相前陆盆地还是属于伸展裂陷槽？(2)二叠纪至古近纪盆地

At early stage bedding fault activated, then transected strata to control formation of anticlines miniature, from late Permian to Jurassic growth faults controlled growth anticline, finally joined end to end, and merged to a common slip surface.

断裂早期以顺层滑脱为主，晚期切穿地层控制了纵弯背斜和断展背斜的雏形，二叠纪晚期-侏罗纪时期生长断裂控制了生长背斜的发育，且各断裂在深部归结为统一滑脱面，首尾相接使得背斜发育具明显的顺序性。

The fluids bearing gold was mainly in pre-Permian strata, because the temperature of fluid inclusions in ore-forming period ranges 80℃-280℃, most 80℃-250℃.

这表明含矿流体的形成主要在二叠纪以下的地层中，因为成矿期流体包体的温度范围在80℃-280℃之间，并主要在180℃-250℃之间。

Here I reported new structural data to answer above question, including field section observations and geologic map with large scale in a key area, accompanying with detail microstructural observations, quartz C-axial fabric analyses, and tectono-thermogeochronology (40Ar/39Ar and zircon SHRIMP U-Pb method). Taking available previous data into account, following progression is achieved:1. Completely rebuilding the post late-Paleozoic deformation history of the Harlik MountainFive stages of deformation were identified:(1)pre-Permian compression deformation which may have resulted from pre-Permian subduction;(2) earlier Permian post-collision extension;(3) middle Permian west-east directed dextral slip shearing;(4) later Permian nearly N-S compression deformation; and (5) later Cenozoic intra-plate N-S compressional deformation.

本文选择新疆东部哈尔里克山为研究对象，通过详细的野外路线地质构造调查和关键地区大比例尺地质填图，以及室内显微结构观察、石英岩组分析和构造热年代学(Ar-Ar和锆石SHRIMP U-Pb定年)研究，结合前人研究成果，取得了如下新进展：1、系统重建了哈尔里克山晚古生代以来的变形历史识别和确定了该区板块俯冲碰撞阶段的二叠纪以前挤压变形，后碰撞阶段早二叠世伸展变形、中二叠世近东西向右行走滑变形和晚二叠世近南北向挤压变形，以及板内演化阶段的晚新生代南北向挤压变形等5期构造变形事件。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。