二十面体的

The last but not least, it is also owning to the rapid development in computer science and information technology. Such as, some computational task, which previously must be executed by using super-computer, now can be carried out by personal computer, and at the same time, the network speed and band width of data bus and input/output equipment have increased several times. In addition, the improvement of the high quality graphic displaying is available. All these provide strong support for cryoEM high-resolution reconstruction study.

目前，在低电子剂量的情况下，冷冻电镜照片可以记录到3-4 〓的信息，使用冷冻电子显微镜进行高分辨三维重构工作，已经获得6.5-8〓高分辨率水平的结果，可以分辨出蛋白质的α螺旋、识别出蛋白质的β折叠等蛋白质二级结构；其次是，三维重构算法效能的不断提高，使得对二十面体取向和中心参数计算的可靠性大大提高；再次是，由于计算机和信息技术迅猛发展，例如，以往需要使用大型计算机的计算任务已经可以被一般的个人电脑完成，网络速度、数据总线和硬盘等I／O设备的带宽成倍增长，以及图像显示能力的提高都为冷冻电子显微镜高分辨三维重构技术提供了强有力的支持。

Nowadays, in the low electron dose condition, the information about 3-4〓 can be recorded on the cryoEM micrograph, and the high-resolution reconstruction using the cryoEM has reached 6. 5-8〓 levels. The reconstruction can reveal the protein α helical and recognise β fold secondary structure. Secondly, it is due to the development in 3D reconstruction method, which can be more efficient to determine the orientation and center parameters. The last but not least, it is also owning to the rapid development in computer science and information technology. Such as, some computational task, which previously must be executed by using super-computer, now can be carried out by personal computer, and at the same time, the network speed and band width of data bus and input/output equipment have increased several times. In addition, the improvement of the high quality graphic displaying is available. All these provide strong support for cryoEM high-resolution reconstruction study.

目前，在低电子剂量的情况下，冷冻电镜照片可以记录到3-4 〓的信息，使用冷冻电子显微镜进行高分辨三维重构工作，已经获得6.5-8〓高分辨率水平的结果，可以分辨出蛋白质的α螺旋、识别出蛋白质的β折叠等蛋白质二级结构；其次是，三维重构算法效能的不断提高，使得对二十面体取向和中心参数计算的可靠性大大提高；再次是，由于计算机和信息技术迅猛发展，例如，以往需要使用大型计算机的计算任务已经可以被一般的个人电脑完成，网络速度、数据总线和硬盘等I／O设备的带宽成倍增长，以及图像显示能力的提高都为冷冻电子显微镜高分辨三维重构技术提供了强有力的支持。

The variable geometry truss mechanisms have been studied extensively and systematically by this project. The research plan has been completed all sidedly, and expected results have been obtained. Three new kinds of combination decahedrons and a new class of variable geometry truss mechanism, which is composed of an octahedron and three tetrahedrons connected in parallel form, are proposed. The position analyses for decahedrons, dodecahedrons, triple-octahedrons, combinations decahedron and a new type of structure of variable geometry truss mechanisms are presented by introducing additional extra linear displacement sensors and using resultant elimination and homotopy continuation algorithms. The method of kinematical analysis of variable geometry truss mechanisms is established.

课题组对变几何桁架机构进行了深入的研究，全面地完成了研究计划，取得了预期的成果；提出了三种新的十面体组合机构以及由一个八面体和三个四面体组成的新型变几何桁架机构的结构形式；应用结式消元、附加传感器和同伦方法等提出了十面体、十二面体、三重八面体、组合十面体和新型变几何桁架机构的位置分析方法；建立了变几何桁架机构运动分析的一般方法；建立了简洁的凯恩和拉格伦日动力学的模型；应用有限元和子结构方法，提出了变几何柞架机构弹性动力学模型，导出了逆动力学方程的显式形式；设计和研制了一台可折叠的八面体变几何杵架机构装置等。

The Dodecahedron takes the travelers to see the Mathemagician, after giving them a tour through the Numbers Mine, where digits are pulled from the earth like jewels.

需要的十二面体的旅客看到Mathemagician后，让他们通过参观数字矿山，其中数字撤出地球像珠宝。

Located in the prospecting lines Nos.47 and 37-33 on the middle 270m section, the mineral typomorphic characteristics are as follows: pyrite possesses the combination of octahedron with pyritohedron, pyritohedron with octahedron, etc It appearsas hole-centre and mix center conduction, if being electron-centre conduction, the absolute magnitudes of thermoelectromotive force and thermoelectromotive coefficient of pyrite are bigger relatively; pyrite contains Cu; the relative absorbency in quartz D(subscript H2O0.9403, D(subscript CO2)0.1961, D(subscript CO2)/D(subscript H2O)0.2591 in prospecting lines 37-33 is smaller than average D(subscript H2O1.3267, D(subscript CO2)0.3090, D(subscript CO2)/D(subscript H2O)0.338 2 in the deposit.

江西茅排金矿区270m中段47勘探线及37~33勘探线的矿物标型特征为：黄铁矿形态见有八面体和五角十二面体，五角十二面体和八面体等聚形；出现空穴心型导电和混合型导电黄铁矿，若为电子心型导电黄铁矿，其热电动势和热电系数的绝对值相对较大；黄铁矿成分中检测出Cu；石英相对吸光度（37~33勘探线）D(下标 H2O)0.9403，D(下标 CO2)0.1961，D(下标 CO2)/D(下标 H2O)0.2591，略低于矿区研究样品的平均值D(下标 H2O1.3267，D(下标 CO2)0.3090，D(下标 CO2)/D(下标 H2O)0.3382。

77Cm〓 are observed and predicted to be splitting of vibration mode of inter-icosahedral B-B bonds, which are unrelative to the atmospheric conditions.

IR结果发现所有样品在2850.27cm〓和2917.77cm〓处均有吸收峰，这是由于B〓O中的B〓二十面体位于菱面体单胞内，对称性降低，发生简并分裂所致。

In the highly undercooled melt, a roughening transition from the lateral to continuous growth mode was found.

在过冷 Al72Ni12Co16十面体准晶合金中发现沿十次轴方向的连续生长和沿二次轴方向的侧向生长的不同生长机制。

Papovaviruses are also icosahedral symmetry viruses, but their capsid structures disobey the quasi-equivalence theory. Papovaviruse capsids are all composed of pentagons. Furthermore, these pentagons can not be connected directly, because there is a certain distance among them.

乳多空病毒尽管也是二十面体对称的病毒，但其衣壳结构违背了准等价原理，它们全是由五边形构建的几何实体，而且奇妙的是这些五边形不能直接拼接在一起，相互间存在一定的距离间隔。

Using atomic bond-type index method and cluster type index method, it has been found that during the microstructure transition processes the forming of icosahedra and its defective structures related to the increasing 1551 bond-type plays a remarkable role.

采用原子键型和原子团簇类型指数法，发现在其微观结构的转变过程中，与不断增加的1551键型密切相关的二十面体及其缺陷结构的形成起了非常突出的作用。

A great number of viruses' capsid proteins are efficient assembly into icosahedral symmetry structures. The capsid structures obey the quasi-equivalence theory of Caspar-Klug, and they are directly composed of pentagons and hexagons.

摘 要 绝大多数病毒的衣壳蛋白装配成二十面体对称的结构，其衣壳结构遵从 Caspar-Klug 的准等价原理，即是由五边形和六边形直接拼接而成的几何构型。

It has been put forward that there exists single Ball point and double Ball points on the symmetrical connecting-rod curves of equilateral mechanisms.

从鲍尔点的形成原理出发，分析对称连杆曲线上鲍尔点的产生条件，提出等边机构的对称连杆曲线上有单鲍尔点和双鲍尔点。

The factory affiliated to the Group primarily manufactures multiple-purpose pincers, baking kits, knives, scissors, kitchenware, gardening tools and beauty care kits as well as other hardware tools, the annual production value of which reaches US$ 30 million dollars.

集团所属工厂主要生产多用钳、烤具、刀具、剪刀、厨具、花园工具、美容套等五金产品，年生产总值3000万美元，产品价廉物美、选料上乘、质量保证，深受国内外客户的青睐