二十四烷

In this paper, through a series of experiments, two series of quaternary-ammounium Gemini surfactants were synthesized, namely the pair alkylene double quaternary ammonium salt surfactant m-s-m·2Br and the pair the alkylene double quaternary ammonium salt surfactant -s-·2Br. We has carried on the attribute with the infrared spectrum to its structure, and to affected the factor which the synthesis pair the alkylene double quaternary ammonium salt surfactant responded to carry on the discussion. We has discovered the synthesis pair the ethylene double quaternary ammonium salt surfactant m-2-m·2Br optimum condition: The bromo alkane and a tetramethyl ethylene diamine mole of ratio is 3.0: 1.0, makes the solvent by the ethyl alcohol, 80℃ under responds for 48 hours in the backflow temperature; Synthesis pair alkylene double quaternary ammonium salt surfactant 12-S-12 ·2Br optimum condition: 12 tertiary amine and 1, 3- propylene dibromide (1, 4- two bromines butane) a mole of ratio is 2.2: 1.0, makes the solvent by the ethyl alcohol, responds for 48 hours in the constant temperature 80 ℃ under backflow.

本文通过一系列的实验，合成了两个系列的Gemini型表面活性剂，即双烷撑双季铵盐表面活性剂m-s-m·2Br和双烷撑双季铵盐表面活性剂-s-·2Br，用红外光谱对其结构进行了表征，并且对影响合成双烷撑双季铵盐表面活性剂反应的因素进行了讨论，找出了合成双乙撑双季铵盐表面活性剂m-2-m·2Br的最佳条件：溴代烷与四甲基乙二胺的摩尔比为3.0：1.0，以乙醇作溶剂，在回流温度80℃下反应48小时；合成双烷撑双季铵盐表面活性剂12-s-12·2Br的最佳条件：十二叔胺与1，3-二溴丙烷(1，4-二溴丁烷)摩尔比为2.2：1.0，以乙醇作溶剂，在恒温80℃下回流反应48小时。

Through the coupling of cyclen and homoserine deriva-tive, we have firstly synthesized a cyclen-functionalized ?α-amino acid,-2-amino-4[1 (1, 4, 7, 10 –tetraazacyclo-dodecane)] butanoic acid.

我们通过1，4，7，10-四氮杂十二烷与高丝氨酸衍生物反应，首先合成了一个非天然α-氨基酸：-2-氨基-4[1(1，4，7，10-四氮杂环十二烷)]丁酸。

They were eucalyptol, bicyclo［2.2.1］heptan-2-one,1,7,7-trimethyl-,(1R)-, borneol, 1-methyl-2-(1-methyl ethenyl)-(1R-cis)-cyclobutaneethanol, limonene, 1-hydroxymethyl-7,7-dimethy lbicyclo［2.2.1］heptan-2-one,-spathulenol, 3,7,11,15-Tetramethyl-2-hexadecen-1-ol, isocitronellol,-9-Octadecenoic acid, heneicosane, respectively.

阿给中共有11个阿给炭没有检测出的成分，包括桉油精、D-樟脑、冰片、(1R-cis)- 1-甲基-2-(1-甲基乙烯基)环丁基乙醇、二戊烯、1-羟甲基-7，7-二甲基-双环［2.2.1］庚-2-酮、-匙叶桉油烯醇、3，7，11，15-四甲基-2-十六碳烯-1-醇、异香茅醇、-9-十八碳烯酸和廿一烷。

With benzoic acid, terephthalic acid, 2. 6naphthalene dicarboxylic acid, dimethyl-2, 6-naphthalene dicarboxylate as solutes, water, acetic acid, N, N-dimethylformamide, N, N-dimethylacemide, dimethyl sulphoxide, N-methl2-ketopyrolidine, and the mixture of water and acetic acid as solvents respectively, the solubilities of 15 binary systems and 4 ternary systems were determined.

实验以苯甲酸、对苯二甲酸、2，6-NDCA、2，6-萘二甲酸二甲酯为溶质，以水、醋酸、N，N-二甲基甲酰胺、N，N-二甲基乙酰胺、二甲基亚砜、N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮以及水和醋酸的混合溶液为溶剂，测定了十五个二元物系和四个三元物系的溶解度数据。

Bis-imidazoline was prepared from triethylene tetraamine and N,N-dimethylformamide dimethyl acetal at 85℃ for 2 h with toluene as solvent, with a yield of 90.4%. The reaction of bis-imidazoline with 1,2-dibromoethane and potassium carbonate in acetonitrile provided with a monobromide salt yield of 78.7%. Hydrolysis of monobromide salt under aqueous causic solution formed 1,4,7,10-tetraazzcyclododecane in a 74.2% yield.

用甲苯作溶剂，使三乙烯四胺和N，N-二甲基甲酰胺二甲基缩醛在85℃反应2 h，得到中间体双咪唑啉，产率90.4%，在乙腈溶剂中，碳酸钾存在下，双咪唑啉和1，2-二溴乙烷进行扩环反应，得到环状中间体一溴盐，产率78.7%，一溴盐经碱性水解2 h，得到1，4，7，10-四氮杂十二烷，产率74.2%。

Seven of them have not been reported.Their structures were confirmed by IR,~1HNMR,MS,and element analysis. 4.Meanwhile,the green methylation procedure of imides was developed by using dimethyl carbonate as methylation reagent.A series of imides,for example,phthalimide,3,4-dibromo-maleimide and succincide were used for substrates.The effects of DABCO(1,4-diazabicyclo [2.2.2]octane)and DBU(1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene)as a catalyst in this kind of reactions were investigated.2-Bromo-3-(1-methylindolyl-3-yl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2,5-dione was prepared by using dimethyl carbonate,which further expanded the use of dimethyl carbonate,as a green agent in organic synthesis.

在以硫酸二甲酯为甲基化试剂对3，4-二溴马来酰亚胺进行N-甲基化反应合成3，4-二溴-N-甲基马来酰亚胺的同时，以碳酸二甲酯为甲基化试剂，对3，4-二溴马来酰亚胺、邻苯二甲酰亚胺、琥珀酰亚胺等酰亚胺类化合物的N-甲基化反应进行了研究；考察了1，4-二氮杂双环[2.2.2]辛烷，1，8-二氮杂双环[5.4.0]十一碳-7-烯、碳酸钾和四丁基溴化铵等作为催化剂对碳酸二甲酯N-甲基化反应的反应时间和收率等的影响，并应用碳酸二甲酯为甲基化试剂，合成了N-甲基-3-溴-4-(1-甲基-吲哚-3)-马来酰亚胺。

The measurement of apparent volume change is described during cure reaction of a new spiro ortho -carbonate, 3, 9, di (p-methooxybenzyl)- 1, 5, 7, 11-tetraoxspiro (5,5) undecaneand epoxy resin, and the volume expansion ratio of this new monomer is culcu-lated,and its applications are approached.

叙述了新的螺环化合物3，9-二-1，5，7，11-四氧杂螺环[5，5]十一烷与环氧树脂进行固化反应时，其表现体积变化率的侧定方法，推算了这种新单体的体积膨胀率。

Also, the type of dispersion of four gasliquid-liquid systems: air-decane-aqueous solution of sodium sulfite and surfactant, airmixture of decane and dodecene-aqueous solution of rhodium complex, ligand, and surfactant, air-mixture of decane, dodecene and tridecyl aldehyde-aqueous solution of rhodium complex, ligand and surfactant, and air-mixture of decane and dodeceneaqueous solution of trisodium salt of tri (m-sulfophenyl) phosphine, and surfactant is determined by electric conductivity.

本文采用电导率测量的方法实验研究了空气—正癸烷—亚硫酸钠和十六烷基三甲基溴化铵水溶液、空气—正癸烷和1-十二碳烯混合物—铑膦络合物催化剂和十六烷基三甲基溴化铵水溶液、空气—正癸烷、1-十二碳烯和十三醛混合物—铑膦络合物催化剂和十六烷基三甲基溴化铵水溶液、空气—正癸烷和1-十二碳烯混合物—三间磺化苯基膦三钠盐和十六烷基三甲基溴化铵水溶液四个三相体系的液液分散特性。当有机相与水相体积比分别为7／3、1／1和3／7时，前三个体系均形成水包油型分散，并有稳定的乳状液生成。

An expansion monomer 3, 9-dihydroxymethyl-di (6-methyl-5 -hydroxyl)-2- heptanone-1, 5, 7, 11tetraoxaspiro [5, 5] undecane was synthesized and its volume change during polymerization is about +3.04%. Its prepolymer was also synthesized by toluene 2, 4-diisocyanide with it.

由三经甲基丙烷合成了螺环原碳酸酯单体3'、9'－二羟甲基－3'，9'-二乙基－1，5，7，11－-四氧杂螺环[5、5]十一烷单体（体积膨胀率＋3.04%）以及它的预聚物，并用其来改性环氧树脂B-63。

Relative retentions of 12 S-compounds on 4 different liquid phases were given.

给出了十二种硫化物在沙鱼烷、苯二甲酸二壬酯、磷酸三甲苯酯及亚氨基二丙腈四种柱子上的相对保留值。

I didn't watch TV last night, because it .

昨晚我没有看电视，因为电视机坏了。

Since this year, in a lot of villages of Beijing, TV of elevator liquid crystal was removed.

今年以来，在北京的很多小区里，电梯液晶电视被撤了下来。