二元化

Based on that, toluene disproportionation over HZSM-5 catalysts under near critical and high temperature was comparatively studied.

用高压观测池通过可视观测确定了苯、甲苯和对二甲苯等二元系及三元系的临界性质以及甲苯歧化反应混合物临界性质随着反应进程的变化规律；在此基础上，分别研究了近临界区以及高温下以HZSM-5为催化剂的甲苯歧化反应。

In this thesis, we defined duality Fuzzy relation in a pointwise Fuzzy set by a set of duality Fuzzy point. Then we defined Fuzzy congruence and Fuzzy rough set in Fuzzy semigroups.

本文把二维模糊点作成的集合定义为一个点态化模糊集上的模糊二元关系，进一步定义模糊同余关系，并通过它又定义点态化模糊集上模糊粗糙子集，并研究了它们的一些性质。

The catalytic system composed of NHPI and transition metal ion can catalyze effectively ethane into acetic acid,cyclane into dicarboxylic acid,toluene into benzoic acid,alkene into epoxide,alkyne into acetylenic ketone,and amide into imide;NHPI used alone can catalyze adamantane to be carbonylated,hydrogen peroxide prepared by oxidization alcohol;NHPI combined with as...

NHPI与过渡金属离子组成的催化体系能高效地催化乙烷氧化为乙酸、环烷烃氧化为二元羧酸、甲苯氧化为苯甲酸、烯烃氧化为环氧化物、炔烃氧化为炔酮、酰胺氧化为酰亚胺；NHPI单独使用能催化金刚烷发生氧化羰基化反应、催化氧化醇制取过氧化氢；NHPI与有机助催化剂如偶氮二异丁腈、溴化季铵盐、蒽醌和醇等也能催化分子氧氧化反应。

Using 2-bromo-ethanesulfonic acid sodium salt ,α,ω- binary primary amine and dodecanoic acid as the main raw materials, drawing support from two-step synthesis of experiments—Alkylated reaction and Schotten-Baumann acylation, A series of LAS(12-s-12) gemini surfactants were synthesized.

并以2-溴乙基磺酸钠、α，ω-二元伯胺、月桂酸等为主要原料，借助胺基的烷基化和Schotten-Baumann酰基化反应制备了α，ω-烷撑-双钠盐LAS(12-s-12)表面活性剂，联结基团为亚甲基—(CH2)s—(S=2，4，6，8，12)，取得以下进展

The stable or unstable state of the montmorillonite-water dispersion is mainly effected by the properties of montmorillonite, water, and stabilizers as well as their interactions, while the type, the structure, the properties and the concentration of the stabilizer play dominate roles. Based on the molecular designing clues, this research selected three sulfonated copolymers as the stabilizers, i.e. the sodium 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1propane sulfonate /acrylamide /disodium itaconate terpolymer, the AMPS/AM/N-vinyl pyrrolidone terpolymer and the sodium styrenesulfonate /IA copolymer. The preparation and characterization of the sulfonated copolymers were discussed, the high-temperature stability of the montmorillonitewater dispersion was characterized with the rheology, the filtration, the particle size distribution, the electrostatic properties, and the adorption of the sulfonated copolymers onto montmorillonite particles. At the same time, a systematic mechanism of the hightemperature stabilization of the dispersion was presented.

本文构筑了分子设计的思路，选取AMPS(2-丙烯酰胺基-2-甲基丙磺酸钠)/AM/IA三元共聚物、AMPS/AM/NVP三元共聚物和SSA/IA二元共聚物等三种磺化共聚物作为蒙脱土-水分散体系的高温稳定剂，进行了磺化共聚物稳定剂的制备与表征；从流变学、滤失性能、粒度分布、电性质以及磺化共聚物在蒙脱土上的吸附作用等方面，对蒙脱土-水分散体系的高温稳定性进行了研究，考察了蒙脱土-水分散体系的高温稳定性能，同时提出了高温稳定机理。

Based on the molecular mechanisms guiding the biosilicification in marine organisms such as diatoms and sponges, cell wall template-mediated self assembly of nanostructured silica in plants and related morphogenesis, structures and functions of phytogenic silica are discussed. Understanding the templating and organic-inorganic bicomponent cooperation effects not only offers the clue for constructing silicon-based structures, but also recognizes the anomaly of silicon in plant biology, esp. in stress physiology.

借助海洋生物如硅藻和海绵的生物硅化机制，从植物体矿化纳米结构SiO〓的形态发生、结构和功能分析入手，运用植物营养学、植物病理学、纳米化学、生物矿化的原理和技术，重点研究了以植物细胞壁为模板构筑有机／无机二元协同纳米结构SiO〓，以及它们具有的特殊结构所赋予植物抵抗各种环境胁迫的可能作用，获得的主要结果如下

The spectroscopically free anion and contact ion pairs are found in PC, EC, DMF, BL, DMSO and acetone solvents, and dimer of contact ion pairs in other solvents.

同时，本文还利用特征谱带的相对强度研究了锂离子在PC-DEC、PC-DMF、EC-DMC、DMSO-AN、DMSO-AN、DMF-THF等二元混合溶剂中的优先溶剂化，锂离子一般被DMF、DMSO分子优先溶剂化。

Taking the brines from Qinghai Chaerhan salt lakes as raw material, sulfonated kerosine as diluting agent, the experiment of extracting boric acid from brines by 2 - ethyl - 1,3 - haxanediol is carried out. The concentration of extractant,acidity, the ratio of organic phase to brine, the time of extraction and extration isotherm are investigated.

以青海察尔汗盐湖提钾后老卤为原料，以磺化煤油为稀释剂，从萃取剂浓度、酸度、相比、萃取时间、萃取等温线5个方面加以试验，获得了2-乙基-1，3-己二醇从卤水中萃取提硼的最佳试验条件，并与2-乙基己醇和磺化煤油的萃取体系进行比较，得出二元醇的萃取效果高于一元醇的结论。

Under atmospheric pressure, binary nanocrystalline sulfides and selenides such as CdS、CdSe、PbS、 PbSe、Cu〓Se、Ag〓S、Ag〓Se、SnSe are obtained at room temperature; nanocrystalline CdTe and PbTe are obtained by heating. Nanocrystalline NiSe〓、CoSe〓 and FeTe〓 are obtained by hydrothermal conditions.

根据硫、硒歧化的碱溶液与碲歧化的碱溶液稳定性的不同，发现在室温条件下可成功获得CdS、CdSe、PbS、PbSe、Cu〓Se、Ag〓S、Ag〓Se、SnSe等二元硫化物与硒化物纳米晶；加热条件下可成功获得CdTe与PbTe纳米晶；而NiSe〓、CoSe〓及FeTe〓的合成则要在水热条件下进行。

Melting point 3410 ℃, boiling point 560 ℃, relative density of 1935, F the external electronic structure of 5d46s2, in the chemical reaction time is very easy to lose 1-6 electronic, but also can get 1-2 electronic, so oxidation number of 0,± 1,± 2, 3, 4 , 5 and 6, with 6 price of the most stable compounds, such as WO3 does not dissolve in water, the air will form in the tungsten trioxide thin protective layer of tungsten, tungsten with fluorine at room temperature, chemical combination, red hot when there is no moisture and Bromine iodide together, red hot when you can and water reaction WO3, at room temperature reaction of tungsten with aqua regia, but the hot concentrated hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid can only be played with its weak response, but molten nitrate, nitrite, too Hydrogen peroxide, sulfur steam, steam and other phosphorus can play intense reaction, high temperature can not be carbon, boron and silicon reaction of binary compounds, widely used in industrial tungsten steel and tungsten carbide, pure tungsten filament is used to the system, and X-ray tube Tube heating components, semiconductor components can be prepared tungsten silicide, tungsten industrial production is white or black tungsten ore tungsten ore refining.

熔点3410℃，沸点560℃，相对密度1935，F外围电子结构为5d46s2，在化学反应时很容易丢掉1—6个电子，也能得到1—2个电子，所以氧化数为0、±1、±2、＋3、＋4、＋5和＋6，以＋6价化合物最稳定，如WO3不溶于水，空气中的钨会形成薄层三氧化钨保护层，钨能与氟在室温下化合，红热并无潮气时能与溴、碘化合，红热时还能和水反应生成WO3，室温下钨可与王水反应，但热的浓盐酸和硫酸只能与其起微弱反应，但对熔融的硝酸盐、亚硝酸盐、过氧化氢、硫蒸汽、磷蒸汽等能起激烈反应，高温下不能与碳、硼和硅反应生成二元化合物，工业上广泛使用钨钢和碳化钨，纯钨用来制灯丝、电子管和X射线管的发热元件，硅化钨可制半导体元件，钨工业生产是将白钨矿石或黑钨矿石精炼。

However, as the name（read－only memory）implies, CD disks cannot be written onorchanged in any way.

然而，正如其名字所指出的那样，CD盘不能写，也不能用任何方式改变其内容。

Galvanizes steel pallet is mainly export which suits standard packing of European Union, the North America. galvanizes steel pallet is suitable to heavy rack. Pallet surface can design plate type, corrugated and the gap form, satisfies the different requirements.

镀锌钢托盘多用于出口，替代木托盘，免薰蒸，符合欧盟、北美各国对出口货物包装材料的法令要求；喷涂钢托盘适用于重载上货架之用，托盘表面根据需要制作成平板状、波纹状及间隔形式，满足不同的使用要求。