二倍的

The study on the phylogenetic relations among these species is very useful for the study on genome and marker-assisted breeding in Brassica species. The karyotypic analysis is one of the most important methods in analysing the phylogenetic relation of species with closer relations. The protocol for inducing high frequency metaphase was established by pretreatment with low temperature and 8hydroxyquinoline, and then the preparation of chromosome and karyotypes analysis of six economical important Brassica species were carried out. According to the karyotypic analysis, it was shown that in the genomes of amphidiploid species, there are genomical components from didiploid species. Our result showed that B. campetris, B. juncea and B. napus belonged to class 2B, while B.

以二倍体B.nigra（B，n=8）基因组为探针，用B.campestris（A，n=10）或B.oleracea（C，n=9）的基因组进行封阻，分别与B.juncea（AB，n=18）和B.carinata（BC，n=17）进行GISH杂交发现，B.juncea和B.carinata基因组中仅有来自于B.nigra的8对染色体表现杂交信号，而其它染色体杂交信号较弱；以B.campestris或B.oleracea基因组为杂交探针与B.napus（AC，n=19）进行GISH杂交发现，所有19对染色体均出现杂交信号，根据杂交结果难以正确判断B.napus基因组中的哪些染色体是来自于A基因组，哪些是来自于C基因组；以rRNA基因（18S-5.8S-26S）为探针的FISH杂交结果表明，B.campestris基因组中rRNA基因位点为6对；B.oleracea为3对；B.nigra为2对；B.carinata为4对；B.juncea为6对；B.napus为6对。

In order to analyze the conservation of maize centromeric satellite DNA and centromeric retrotransposon in the subspecies and relatives of Zea mays, dual fluorescence in situ hybridization was used to detect the existence and distribution of the above two repetitive sequences in Zea mays ssp. mexicana, Z. diploperennis, Z. perennis, Tripsacum dactyloides, Coix lacryma-jobi, and Sorghum bicolor.

为分析玉米着丝粒卫星DNA和着丝粒反转录转座子在玉米种的亚种及近缘种中的保守性，采用双色荧光原位杂交检测了这两种重复序列在墨西哥玉米、二倍体多年生类玉米、多年生类玉米、摩擦禾、薏苡、高粱中的存在和分布。

This gorgeous view also includes two foreground globular star clusters NGC 362 and 47 Tucanae.

船底座星云是年轻，极大质量恒星的家园，包括始终是一样可见的海山二星，是一颗质量比太阳大100倍的恒星。

The DNA relative content of large unreduced pollen grains induced by colchicine was determined quantitatively with laser scanning confocal microscopy using the normal-sized pollen grains as control. The results suggest that the large unreduced pollen grains are diploid.

以正常花粉作对照，用激光扫描共聚焦显微镜对经秋水仙碱处理诱导出的大花粉进行了DNA含量的定量测定，初步确认该试验诱导的大花粉是一种二倍体花粉。

In addition, a further study was made of the technique of extraction, isolation and purification of GLA. The factional extraction used in the laboratory with n-hexane and ethanol was changed into the whole extraction of 6〓 solvent, which simplified production technique and reduced cost of production. The fungal lipid extracted from the fermentation in the medium-scale test was concentrated by the urea adducting method with methanol as solvent, at 75～80℃ for 3 hours. After GLA had been adducted twice, the content of GLA came up to 84. 25%, around a twelfth as much as the original concentration.

并对γ—亚麻酸的提取和分离纯化工艺进行了研究，将实验室中用正己烷和乙醇分步抽提的工艺改为用6〓溶剂一步抽提技术，从而简化了生产工艺，降低了生产成本；采用脲素包合法，以甲醇作为溶剂，温度控制在75～80℃，包合时间为3h，对中试发酵所提取的菌油进行了浓缩，γ—亚麻酸两次包合后，GLA含量达到84.25%，比原浓度浓缩了近十二倍。

The proposed architecture utilizes the carrier suppression technique to achieve frequency doubling and successfully transmits a high spectral efficiency OFDM signal.

我们提出的架构使用载波抑制技术来达到二倍频效果且成功的传输高频谱效益的正交分频多工讯号。

For this project, the digital video-camera with computer is the main tool. Put the camera close enough to explore the body, enlarge part of one's own body by 2000 times, and produce a 90cm X 90cm charcoal drawing.

在此，以电脑用视讯摄影机为创作的主要工具，让它贴近地探索著身体，让自己的身体局部以炭笔素描形式放大二○○○倍而成为九○公分见方的作品。

For five Enterobacteriaceaes tested for ESBLs by double-disk method, two primers were designed and synthetized: TEM-1and SHV-1, ESBLs gene type was amplified, sequenced and analyzed by PCR; the minimal inhibitory concentrations of Cetiofur combined BLI-Tazobactam to the five Enterobacteriaceae according to different proportions were carried out with two fold dilution method.

对产生ESBLs的5株致病性大肠埃希氏菌，设计并合成TEM-1和是SHV-12对引物，用PCR方法进行了ESBLs的DNA扩增、测序和基因型分析；用试管二倍稀释法测定头孢噻呋与BLI-他唑巴坦钠以不同配比对产生ESBLs大肠埃希氏菌的最小抑菌浓度。

Result There were some differences among the four species in the morphology, the size, the surface protuberance, the germ pore of pollen grain and the leaf epidermal stomata, in which diploid Thinopyrum elongatum was obviously different from the other three.

结果］4种植物在花粉粒形态、大小、表面突起，萌发孔和叶表面气孔大小方面存在一定的差异，其中二倍体长穗偃麦草与其他3种植物的花粉粒和气孔的微观特征差异明显。

This works with slide film and digital.

在使用没有自动输出控制的闪光灯时，将闪光灯的感光度设为胶卷的二倍，对主体测光，机身选光圈整档，闪光灯设同样光圈。

The basic concept of FOP can be summarized as to further optimize effective prescription according to the standard of curative effects and with the aid of modern science and technology and theories of traditional Chinese medicine.

其基本内涵可概括为：以确有疗效的中药复方为研究对象，以现代科学技术和传统中医药理论为技术支持，以该复方所治病证的药效响应为评价标准，以优化重组疗效更优的新复方为研究目的。

Ever since our world has been a world, native forests have been indiscriminately exploited by man.

自从我们的世界一直是世界原生森林被任意剥削人。