二倍核

The karyotypes and the Giemsa-C banding patterns of Aegilops tauschii (85A-34) and Hordium vulgare (H2) and regenerated plants from embryo callus of hybrids between Ae.tauschii and H.vulgare (2n=28) were confirmed by karyotype analyzing and Giemsa-C banding technique in this study, thus proved that the regenerated plants from embryo callus of hybrids between Ae.tauschii and H.vulgare (2n=28) were spontaneously chromosal doubling amphidiploid.

本研究通过染色体组型分析和Giemsa--C带显带技术，确定了节节麦（85A85A-34）、栽培大麦（H2）、节节麦×大麦杂种胚再生植株(2n=28)的染色体组型和Giemsa--C带核型，证明了节节麦×大麦杂种胚再生植株(2n=28)为自发加倍的节节麦－大麦双二倍体。

By Giemsa--C technique, the chromosomes of Aegilops tauschii (85A-34) and Hordeum vulgare (H2) and Ae.tauschii- H.vulgare amphidiploid were all produced clear bands, the terminal band, centromeric band, secondary constrition band and rich intercalary bands were displayed distinctly, thus the corresponding Giemsa-C banding patterns were confirmed.

利用Giemsa--C带显带技术，节节麦、大麦、节节麦-大麦双二倍体都显示出了清晰的带纹，都具有端带、着丝点带、随体带和丰富的中间带，相应的确定了它们的Giemsa--C带核型。

These culture conditions not only maintain the undifferentiated state and normal diploid karyotypes of BALB/c mouse ES cells effectively, but also maintain a series of their characteristics of murine stem cells. two different kinds of digestive methods and Two kinds of digestive juice with different concentrations were designed to dissociate proliferous inner cell mass and ES cell clonies deriver from dissociative ICM.

这一培养条件不但有效地维持了ES细胞的未分化状态和正常二倍体核型，而且维持了其作为多能性胚胎干细胞的一系列特征；实验设计了两种离散方法和两种浓度的消化液，用来离散增殖的ICM和ICM离散后出现的ES集落。

The karyotype contains 12 pairs of metacentric, 3 pairs of submetacentirc and 4 pairs of subtelocentric chromosomes. There is no telocentric chromosome at all.

绢丝丽蚌的二倍体数目2n=38，核型公式为2n=24m+6sm+8st，NF=68，其中中部染色体12对，亚中部染色体3对，亚端部染色体4对，没有端部染色体。

BACKGROUND: Embryonic stem cells develop from early blastular inner cell mass. Under proper condition, ESCs can maintain undifferentiated state in vitro, normal diploid nuclear type, and proliferative potential. In addition, ESCs possess multi-directional differentiation capacity and can differentiate into all sorts of cells of three germ layers.

背景：胚胎干细胞来源于发育早期囊胚的内细胞团，适当条件下能在体外维持未分化状态、正常二倍体核型及无限增殖能力，且具有多向分化潜能，能够发育分化成机体3个胚层的所有类型细胞。

Results:Of 585 ALL patients,551 patients received successful cytogenetic analyses (94%).

结果：585名ALL患者中共有551例核型分析成功(成功率94%)，其中300例(49%)观察到克隆性染色体异常。119例(22%)为高超二倍体(＞50条染色体)。

In this work, we used the sequences of nuclear genes (ITS, Adh2, Adh3 and Waxy) and cpDNA (trnL-F and matK) to explore the origin of Elymus species and the Y genome, and to reveal the mechanism of the geographical differentiation of the StY-genome Elymus species.

本文通过核基因ITS、Adh和Waxy基因以及叶绿体基因trnL-F和marK的序列分析了披碱草属相关二倍体种的系统发育关系和披碱草属植物的起源。

Typical characteristics of apoptotic cells as membrane blebbing, chromatin pyknosis, karyorrhexis, and apoptotic body were seen under electromicroscope. Apoptosisspecific DNA ladder bands from SGC-7901 cells were visualized with electrophoresis. Hypodiploid apoptotic peak was observed before G1 phase by flow cytometry analysis.

凋亡细胞形态学上表现为细胞膜起泡、染色质固缩、核碎裂、凋亡小体形成；DNA电泳呈现凋亡特征性阶梯状条带；流式细胞仪分析显示G1期前出现亚二倍体凋亡峰。

X chromosome was a large submetacentric chromosome. Y chromosome was a small metacentric chromosome.The relative length of chromosome was measured by AutoCAD software. The relative length of autosomes ranged from 1.545% to 4.921% in Yanbian yellow cattle and from 1.637% to 5.855% in Liyan hybrid cattle.

结果表明，延边黄牛和利延杂交牛二倍体染色体数目2n=60，公牛核型为2n=60，XY，母牛为2n=60，XX，其中29对常染色体均为端着丝粒染色体，X染色体为较大的亚中着丝粒染色体，Y染色体为较小的中着丝粒染色体。

Result: A total ratio of hybridization was 73.53%; in triploid zygotes after IVF, the ratios of triploid, diploid and monoploid were 92.31%, 3.85% and 3.85%, respectively.

结果：分析有杂交信号的3PN卵子68个，IVF后3PN的三倍体率为92.31%，二倍体率为3.85%，单倍体率为3.85%；共存在3种三倍体核型：XXX、XXY、XYY。

It has been put forward that there exists single Ball point and double Ball points on the symmetrical connecting-rod curves of equilateral mechanisms.

从鲍尔点的形成原理出发，分析对称连杆曲线上鲍尔点的产生条件，提出等边机构的对称连杆曲线上有单鲍尔点和双鲍尔点。

The factory affiliated to the Group primarily manufactures multiple-purpose pincers, baking kits, knives, scissors, kitchenware, gardening tools and beauty care kits as well as other hardware tools, the annual production value of which reaches US$ 30 million dollars.

集团所属工厂主要生产多用钳、烤具、刀具、剪刀、厨具、花园工具、美容套等五金产品，年生产总值3000万美元，产品价廉物美、选料上乘、质量保证，深受国内外客户的青睐