二-十进制

2A series of alternating polyamide-imideswith fluorenyl cardo structure was synthesized by "one-pot" polycondensation of cardo diamines,trimellitic anhydride and various aromatic diamines including p-phenylene diamine,m-phenylene diamine, 4,4\'-oxydianiline,3,4\'-oxydianiline,2,2-bis[4-(4-aminophenoxy)phenyl]propane, 2,2-bis[4-(3-aminophenoxy)phenyl]propane respectively using triphenyl phosphite as condensing agents.

采用"一锅法"(One—pot Synthesis)，由Cardo二胺、偏苯三酸酐和不同二胺包括对苯二胺、间苯二胺、4，4\'—二氨基二苯醚、3，4\'—二氨基二苯醚、2，2—双[4—(4—氨基苯氧基苯基]丙烷和2，2—双[4—(3—氨基苯氧基)苯基]丙烷合成了一系列含有芴基Cardo结构的交替聚酰胺酰亚胺。

Water,Hydrogenated Polyisobutene,Cyclohexasiloxane,Glycerin,Alcohol Denat,Cetearyl Alcohol,PEG-20,Petrolatum,C13-14 Isoparaffin,Zea Mays Oil,Tocopheryl Acetate,Hydroxypropyl Tetrahydropyrantriol,Hydrolyzed Soy Protein,CI 14700/Red 4,Phenoxyethanol,Adenosine,PEG-100 Stearate,Ethylparaben,Triethanolamine,Polyacrylamide,Malus Domestica Stem Cell Culture,CI 19140/Yellow 5,Dimethyl Isosorbide,Dimethicone,Dimethiconol,Limonene,Xanthan Gum,Pentaerythrityl Tetra-Di-T-Butyl Hydroxyhydrocinnamate,Linalool,2-Oleamido-1,3-Octadecanediol,Capryloyl Salicylic Acid,Acrylates/C10-30 Alkyl Acrylate Crosspolymer,Passiflora Edulis Seed Oil,Disodium EDTA,Castanea Sativa Seed Extract,Butyrospermum Parkii· Cetyl Alcohol,Butylene Glycol,Octyldodecanol,Cetearyl Glucoside,Methylparaben,Citronellol,Prunus Armeniaca Kernel Oil,Laureth-7,Coumarin,Oryza Sativa Bran Oil,Glyceryl Stearate,Fragrance

水，甘油，氢化聚异丁烯，液体石蜡/矿油，丁二醇，环己硅氧烷，鲸蜡醇，甘油硬脂酸酯，棕榈油，玉米胚芽油，PEG-100硬脂酸酯，白蜂蜡/蜂蜡，肉豆蔻醇肉豆蔻酸酯，石蜡，香精，腺苷，苧烯，山梨醇，CI 14700，CI 19140，稻糠油，杏仁油，EDTA二钠，羟丙基四氢吡喃三醇，苯氧乙醇，聚乙二醇-14M，异十六烷，氢氧化钠，辛基十二醇，季戊四醇四（双-t-丁基羟基氢化肉桂酸）酯，山梨坦三硬脂酸酯，水解大豆蛋白，卡波姆，鸡蛋果籽油，苹果果实提取物，欧洲栗籽提取物，异山梨醇酐二甲醚，聚山梨醇酯-80，辛酰水杨酸，2-油酰胺基-1，3-十八烷二醇，氯苯甘醚，麦芽糖醇，香豆素，黄原胶，微晶蜡，丙烯酰胺/丙烯酰基二甲基牛磺酸钠共聚物，丙二醇，芳樟醇，香茅醇，玉米油，羟苯丙酯，羟苯甲酯

The surface hydroxyl group onto magnetic polyvinyl acetate nanoparticles can be obtained by saponification reaction on their surface.

结果表明，磁性聚苯乙烯颗粒与丁二酸酐发生Freidel-Crafts酰基化反应，可以在颗粒表面引入少量羧基；磁性聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯颗粒分别与乙二醇、二缩三乙二醇、聚乙二醇等发生醇-酯交换反应，可以在颗粒表面接枝不同分子链长度的末端羟基；磁性聚醋酸乙烯酯颗粒经过醇解或皂化反应可以获得表面羟基；磁性聚丙烯酸甲酯颗粒通过乙二胺或1，6己二胺的胺解反应可以得到表面氨基，继而与一氯乙酸反应可以引入亚胺二乙酸基团。

We focused the study on the synthesis methods of quinoxaline, nitration of its aromatic ring and chlorination of its heterocycle. In this paper, we thought about environmental protection, the cost of material, the feasibility of industrialization, workup easily, and obtained 2,3(1H,4H)-quinoxalinedion, 6-nitro-2,3(1H,4H)-quinoxalinedion, 6,7-dinitro-2,3(1H,4H)–quinoxalinedion, 2,3-dichlo- roquinoxaline, 6–nitro-2,3-dichloroquinoxaline,and 6,7- initro-2,3-dichloro-quinoxaline. A more reasonable, easily, efficient and simple reactive route to synthesize above-mentioned compounds was developed by systematically investigating the yield, the purity and physical character of intermediates.

本文针对喹喔啉及其芳环硝化、杂环氯代的合成进行研究，主要考虑了环保性、原料成本、产业化的可行性、反应操作的简便性等问题，获得了2，3(1H，4H)-喹喔啉二酮、6-硝基-2，3(1H，4H)-喹喔啉二酮、6，7-二硝基-2，3(1H，4H)-喹喔啉二酮、2，3-二氯喹喔啉、6-硝基-2，3-二氯喹喔啉和6，7-二硝基-2，3-二氯喹喔啉等六个中间体，考察了反应产物的产率、纯度和性状等因素，得到了更为合理、方便、实用、简洁的可供产业化的合成路线。

The DSC results showed that calcium carbonate,sodium benzoate and terephthalic acid were the nucleating agents of polypropylene with high thermal stability of the nucleating effect,while the thermal stability of nucleating effect of pimelic acid,suberic acid,azelaic acid,and the two component nucleating agents suberic acid/calcium carbonate and azelaic acid/calcium carbonate were poor.

研究了碳酸钙、苯甲酸钠、对苯二甲酸和脂肪二元酸：庚二酸、辛二酸、壬二酸及其与碳酸钙组成的双组分成核剂对聚丙烯结晶成核效果的热稳定性。结果表明，高熔点物质碳酸钙、对苯二甲酸、苯甲酸钠的成核效果的热稳定性高，而脂肪二元酸的成核热稳定性低。庚二酸与碳酸钙组成的双组分成核剂的成核热稳定性高，但辛二酸、壬二酸与碳酸钙组成的双组分成核剂的成核热稳定性没有得到改善。

It summarizes the current advancements in the aboveOmentioned field in terms of eight aspects :①relations between L2 speech perception and production ,②L2 phonological studies ,③L2 speech segmental studies ,④L2 speech acquisition models ,⑤L2 speech suprasegmental studies ,⑥L1 transfer in L2phonological acquisition ,⑦nonO linguistic factors in L2 phonological acquisition ,and ⑧L2 speech instruction.

本文主要探讨了国外第二语言语音习得研究近年来的进展，着重涉及以下8 个方面：①二语口头话语感知与表达的关系、②二语口头话语的音系学研究、③二语口头话语的语段理论研究、④二语音系理论模型的构建、⑤二语口头话语的超音段研究、⑥二语音系习得中的母语迁移、⑦非语言因素对二语音系习得的影响、⑧二语语音教学研究。

The invention relates to a process for producing polyethylene terephthalate 1, 3-propanediol, which comprises the following steps: using titanic acid ester as major catalyst, using germanium compounds and cobalt compounds as synergic catalyst, conducting esterification reaction for poly terephthalic acid and 1, 3-propanediol according to the molar 1:1.05-2.2 under the nitrogen pressure of 0.1-0.4MPa and 230-265 DEG C, or conducting ester exchanging reaction for poly terephthalic acid and 1, 3-propanediol according to the molar ratio 1:1.8-2.2 in 160-220 DEG C, decompressing reaction to high vacuum 10-150Pa, wherein the final temperature of reaction is 265-275 DEG C, recovering to normal pressure with nitrogen to obtain the PTT product.

本发明涉及一种生产聚对苯二甲酸1，3-丙二醇酯的方法，采用以钛酸酯为主催化剂，锗化合物和钴化合物为协同催化剂，对苯二甲酸二甲酯和1，3-丙二醇按摩尔1∶1.05-2.2，在0.1-0.4MPa氮气压力和230-265℃下进行酯化反应，或对苯二甲酸二甲酯和1，3-丙二醇按摩尔比1∶1.8-2.2，在160-220℃进行酯交换反应，将反应减压至高真空10-150Pa，反应终温在265-275℃，用氮气恢复到常压，得到本PTT产品；大大缩短了反应时间，直接聚合制备特性粘度在0.7-1.05dL/g的PTT切片，使反应产物色相良好，PTT产品可用于纤维加工及工程塑料领域。

Among the six polyetherimdes, ODPA-IPDA with the largest free-volume and larger intrasegmental mobility has the highest permeability and the lowest permselectivity, ODPA-DABP with the smallest free- volume and the smallest intrasegmental mobility has the lowest permeability and the lowest permselectivity, ODPA-DMMDA with the larger free-volume and smaller intrasegmental mobility has higher permeability and higher permselectivity.

二苯醚四酸二酐（ODPA－4.4＇－二J氨基二苯异丙烷具有很大的自由体积和较小的链段活动性、很大的透气性和较小的透气选择性，ODPA—4，4'－二氨基二苯酮具有很小的自由体积和较小的链段活动性、很小的透气性和较大的透气选择性，ODPA—3，3'－二甲基二苯甲烷二胶具有较大的自由体积和较小的链段活动性、很大的透气性和很大的透气选择性。

Gas chromatograph/mass spectrometer system was used to analyze polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAHs, including naphthalin, anthracene and fluoranthene) and phthalic acid ester [PAEs, including dimethyl phthalate, diethyl phthalate, diisobutyl phthalate and di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate] concentration in water samples taken from every treatment units of a large-scale waterworks in a western city whose water source is the upstream of Yangtze river.

以多环芳烃(包括萘、蒽、荧蒽三种物质)和邻苯二甲酸酯包括邻苯二甲酸二甲酯(DMP、邻苯二甲酸二乙酯、邻苯二甲酸二异丁酯、邻苯二甲酸二(2-乙基己基)酯4种物质作为研究对象，采用GC-MS方法测定了以长江为原水的某大型城市给水厂各工艺段水样中的上述物质。

Seven of them have not been reported.Their structures were confirmed by IR,~1HNMR,MS,and element analysis. 4.Meanwhile,the green methylation procedure of imides was developed by using dimethyl carbonate as methylation reagent.A series of imides,for example,phthalimide,3,4-dibromo-maleimide and succincide were used for substrates.The effects of DABCO(1,4-diazabicyclo [2.2.2]octane)and DBU(1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene)as a catalyst in this kind of reactions were investigated.2-Bromo-3-(1-methylindolyl-3-yl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2,5-dione was prepared by using dimethyl carbonate,which further expanded the use of dimethyl carbonate,as a green agent in organic synthesis.

在以硫酸二甲酯为甲基化试剂对3，4-二溴马来酰亚胺进行N-甲基化反应合成3，4-二溴-N-甲基马来酰亚胺的同时，以碳酸二甲酯为甲基化试剂，对3，4-二溴马来酰亚胺、邻苯二甲酰亚胺、琥珀酰亚胺等酰亚胺类化合物的N-甲基化反应进行了研究；考察了1，4-二氮杂双环[2.2.2]辛烷，1，8-二氮杂双环[5.4.0]十一碳-7-烯、碳酸钾和四丁基溴化铵等作为催化剂对碳酸二甲酯N-甲基化反应的反应时间和收率等的影响，并应用碳酸二甲酯为甲基化试剂，合成了N-甲基-3-溴-4-(1-甲基-吲哚-3)-马来酰亚胺。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。