事故分析

It is crucial to select reasonable and effective safety assessment methods in the process of technological hazard analysis and accident treatment.

选用合理有效的安全评价方法，在工艺危险分析和事故处理中至关重要。

6Safety: people safety training, fire fighting system, emergency response planning, safety accident management, potential hazard analyze etc.

安全：负责员工的安全培训，负责消费系统，应急反应计划，安全事故管理，潜在危害分析等等。

Combined with the idea of \\\"grading district\\\" in Managing the Information of Exurb Safety and \\\"liability tied\\\" and taking into account of factors affecting exurb road safety, this paper analyzes in depth the basic functions and system design of safety management information system for Exurb Road. The system gets the functions such as management with different levels of exurb safety information, safety analysis, safety forecast and safety assessment. Furthermore, the system defines the responsibilities and duties related to the managers of exurb road safety and establishes an incentive mechanism for their assessment.

笔者在综合考虑影响远郊区县交通安全因素的基础上，结合远郊区县交通安全信息&分级分区&和&责任捆绑&的思想，对远郊区县交通安全管理信息系统的基本功能、系统设计等进行了深入分析，实现了远郊区县安全基本信息的分级处理、对事故或隐患的安全分析、安全预测、安全评价功能以及界定了安全责任人的相关职责并建立了对其进行考核激励的机制。

The fire is always the significant disaster, The study is making a strong fire combustion chamber and make use of PLC（Programmable Logic-Controller）to control need of air and fuel gas. It do simulate test of fire in advance actual situation. And it monitored thermograph inside fire combustion chamber, compare whit fire thermal current analyze by computer. It result can understand about discrepancy between actual and simulate fire. So, the study build fire simulator can train fire fighter and appraise cause of fire, and the data of discrepancy between actual and simulate fire can take as references of fire situation.

火灾是最频繁的重大灾害，本研究建立一个实体坚固的燃烧室，运用逻辑可程式控制器，控制燃烧所需要的空气量、瓦斯量等，在预先设定的情境下，进行实际火场的模拟测试，另在火场的温度监测下，可与电脑模拟热流场分析做比对，以了解火场实际与模拟差异性；因此，除开发火灾模拟器之外，亦可推广作为火场救灾训练及火灾事故原因鉴定，另热流场分析比对数据，也可作为火场情境之研究参考使用。

Firstly,the rule and cause of rupture failure for the cardan shaft of the DF 4D type freight diesel locomotive are discussed and Then,the methods on how to deal with the rupture failure of the cardan and the other failures resulted from the different small fuel quantity of different injection pump equipped on the same diesel engine are introduced.

阐述了东风4D型货运机车万向轴断裂的规律，进行了原因分析，介绍了万向轴断裂事故处理的实例，并对同台柴油机上各喷油泵小油量相差大易引起的其它后果进行了分析，最后提出了具体的预防措施及操作程

Through the use for reference of the experience of developed country, and linking explicit case, the author analyzes the ratio to Contributory negligence from the two facets of character explain and mathematics explains. We may conclude that the ratio of Contributory negligence is no more then 50% of total liability in compensation responsibilities on mobile vehicles road traffic accident. Namely, whether the victim is in fault or not, the inflictor' liability is no less than 50% of total liability.

在此基础上，通过借鉴发达国家先进立法经验，结合具体案例，从文意解释、数理分析两个方面对过失相抵的比率进行了分析论证，得出结论：在交通事故赔偿责任中过失相抵的比率不得超过50%，即无论机动车一方是否有过错，在受害方对损害的发生有过错因此而减轻机动车一方的责任时，减轻的程度不得超过全部损失的50%。

In the light of the successively occurred piercing and longitudinal cracking on the drill pipe box es,the fractures are analyzed by X-ray energy spectrum and electronic microscope,and the mechanical properties of the material are tested.

针对某油田一批进口钻杆连续发生17根钻杆内螺纹接头纵向开裂和刺穿事故，对断口进行X射线能谱、电镜和金相分析，并采样进行机械性能试验分析，认为材料不是导致接头断裂的主要原因。

Based on the water environment spatial data mining and visualization method, the paper presents these main characteristics and innovations:①Measurement of contamination fluxes:A scene-based research strategy is proposed:measurement /water quality analysis→flow field simulation→contamination transformation rule→fluxes scene simulation→temporal-spatial rule analysis.②Serial numerical models of water environment in the Qiantang River:The controlled equations of the flow field model of the main river,united controlled equations of the main contamination fluxes and water quality prediction model at emergent time are set up.③GIS-based water quality and contamination fluxes decision-making assistance system:A water environment database has been set up;based on MapX and C#.net platform,a system has been developed to facilitate visual inquiry,decision-making and graphics export.

本文基于水环境空间数据挖掘与可视化的研究方法与体系，研究中的主要特色与创新点为：①河流污染物通量测算的技术与方法：提出了基于工况测量/水质分析→流场模拟→污染规律解析→通量情景模拟→时空规律分析的研究方案；②钱塘江水环境模拟系列数学模型：建立了钱塘江干流研究区域流场数学模型的控制方程、主要污染物通量模型的联合控制方程、突发污染事故水质预报模型的基本方程；③基于GIS的水质预报与污染物通量决策支持系统的研发：建立水环境时空数据库，基于MapX和C#。net平台进行系统的构建与开发，为研究的系列成果提供可视化的查询、决策与图形输出。

But because of its big slenderness ratio, smaller rigidity and damping, it is easy to cause a larger vibration in the windload and iceload function and so on, mast structure destruction accidents frequently occurred, has caused engineering and academic circles\\\s concern, this article summarizes the main structure damage diagnosis methods, carrys on preliminary dynamic analysis and the time-frequency distribution analysis with the vibration signal to the mast structure, and proposes the signal processing method is a appropriate method on the diagnosis to the mast damage.

但是，由于桅杆结构长细比很大，刚度、阻尼较小，在风荷载、裹冰荷载等作用下容易产生较大幅度的振动，桅杆结构的破坏事故时有发生，引起了工程界和学术界的重视，本文总结了几种主要的结构损伤诊断方法，并对桅杆结构进行了动力分析和振动信号时频分析，并提出信号处理的时频方法对桅杆损伤进行诊断比较合适的。

Aiming at the frequent occurrence of drill-string fracture during gas drilling in the Puguang gas field, this paper, based on the statistical analysis of accidents on fields, makes in-depth investigation into the origins of drill-string accidents in aspects of peculiar drilling medium, different rock-breaking methods, and the vibration of drill string during the drilling process. Through macro, micro and material analysis of the fracture surface of drill string, the law of drill-string failure due to fracture is discovered and the fatigue fracture is found out to be the main type of drill-string fracture.

针对普光气田气体钻井过程中存在的钻具断裂频繁的问题，在对现场事故统计分析的基础上，从特殊的钻井介质、不同的破岩方式以及钻井过程中钻柱共振等方面定性分析了钻具断裂的原因；通过对钻具断口宏观、微观及材质分析，找到了钻具断裂失效的规律和主要形式－疲劳断裂。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。