事务上的

The author firstly combs the teachers sources of Shuyuan in Ming and Qing dynasties, points out that there are four main sources for it, and concludes that making full use of social resources is a valid path to solve the problem of teachers sources then.Secondly, the present research consults Shuyuan teachers employment way in Ming and Qing dynasties, combs its three ways and deeply inquires into the subjective and objective condition for them.Thirdly, the present research analyses Shuyuan teaching characteristics, management and promotion, sums up seven main teaching characteristics and analyses the advantage and disadvantage of them,Further more , the present research consults Shuyuan teachers management and promotion, makes an analysis on its historic courses why it"s informal.Finally, the present research analyses the Shuyuan teachers" economic treatment, social status and the influence and effect made to the politics, economy, military, social life and cultural education where they were situated in Ming and Qing dynasties, and concludes that the Shuyuan teachers in Ming and Qing dynasties actively participated in the local social activities in their peculiar upper class gentlemanship and greatly influenced and promoted the policy making and carrying out of the local public affairs, meanwhile, they promoted the communication and development of local learning and culture , and trained quite many men for profession for the locals.

作者首先对明清时期书院教师的来源进行了梳理，指出了明清书院教师的四种主要来源，认为充分利用社会资源是明清书院解决教师来源的有效途径；其次，对明清时期书院教师的聘用方式进行了历史考察，梳理出明清时期书院存在着三种教师聘用方式，深入探讨了这三种方式并存的主客观条件；再次，对明清时期书院教师的教学特点进行了分析，归纳出七个主要教学特点，并说明其利弊；此外，探讨了明清时期书院教师的管理及升迁问题，分析了其存在的不规范性的历史原因；最后，剖析了明清时期书院教师的经济待遇、社会地位及对书院所在地的政治、经济、军事及社会生活与文化教育所可能产生的作用与影响，得出明清书院教师以自己特有的上层绅士身份与地位积极地参与到当地社会生活之中，并在相当程度上影响与促进了地方公共事务的决策与实施；同时，他们促进了当地学术及文化的交流与发展，为当地培养出了大批的杰出人才。

We start with the basic proposition that the borad of directors acting as a board must be recognized as the only group authorized to speak for 'management' in the sense that under the statute they are responsible for the management of the corporation Del 141 .in substance that was the holding the court in ……,however,we are not here confronted with the situation in the gray case because loew's board as such cannot act for want of a quorum.thus ,there is no board policy as such with respect to the matters noticed for stockholder consideration.i am nevertheless persuaded that at least where a quorum of directors is in office the majority thereof are not 'outsiders' merely because they cannot procure the attendance of a quorum at a meeting.by this i mean that they are not like the customary oppsition which is seeking to take control of corporate management.to hold otherwise would be to set a most undesirable legal precedent in connection with the allocation of corporate powers.

我的翻译是：我们可以从基本的主张中开始，那就是董事会成员作为一个董事会主体必须被看做唯一的被授权的群体代表'管理层'，在这种情况下，他们就管理公司而承担相应的责任。特拉华州141条在实质上就被法院所支持。但是，我们在这里并没有处于同G案情况相同的地位，因为L董事会在这种情况下不能为了想达到法定人数而作为。因此，对于通知股东考虑这一事务不是董事会的政策。我认为至少在会议存在了法定的董事成员情况下，大多数将不是'外部人员'，这仅仅因为他们不能促成法定人数参加会议。通过以上我想说明他们不象习惯的反对方一样去寻求对公司的控制。如果支持的话将会树立一个与公司权力分配相联系的最不受欢迎的法律先例。共发帖2602 发表于- 2005/11/21 ： 23：13：00 第 1 楼今晚看书看得有点晕，等MC和猫猫吧，俺偷下懒。

The bureaucratic organization, to be specifically, has the exactness to deal with the complexity, because it is based on the rational principles, and comes by rational calculation; It has the stability because it is based on the stable rules and hierarchy structure; It has the "reliability" on implementation of administrative goals, because personal factors are removed, the probability of making mistakes is minished under the strict "discipline" and appointment of qualified employees.

具体地说，在应对复杂性上，官僚制组织是按照理性的原则建立起来的，其组织分工和工作程序都是经过理性算计的，更具有&精确性&；以稳定的规章制度和稳固的科层制结构为基础，具有&稳定性&；由于排除管理中的人格因素，严格按照&纪律&来推行工作，就相对减小了工作出错的概率；任用经过培训的合格人员，按照专业分工将复杂的事务分解开来，因而在实现规定的行政目标方面，具有&可靠性&。

Deliberative democracy is, on the basis of reflecting competitive democratic theory, regives citizens the enthusiasm to participate in public affairs. It reckons that citizens political participation should not be restricted to periodic vote or aperiodic activities such as demonstrations. Citizens should, under the premise of open and transparent information and according to certain procedures, freely and equally carry out in full the discussion on the public policies that affect them, and through the legalization of decision by public deliberation, the quality of democratic governance is enhanced.

协商民主就是在反省竞争性民主理论的基础上，重新赋予公民参与公共事务的积极性，认为公民的政治参与不应该局限于定期的投票和不定期的游行示威等活动方式，公民应该在信息公开透明的条件下，依据一定的程序，自由而平等地对影响到自己的公共政策进行公开且充分的讨论，通过公共协商赋予决策的合法性，从而提升民主治理的品质。

He tasted the almost perverse pleasure of disengaging himself line by line from the things around him, and at the same time feeling his head rest comfortably on the green velvet of the chair with its high back, sensing that the cigarettes rested within reach of his hand, that beyond the great windows the air of afternoon danced under the oak trees in the park.

他感受到一种简直是不同寻常的欢愉，以内为他正在从缠绕心头的各种事务中一一解脱；同时，他又感到自己的头正舒坦地靠在绿色天鹅绒的高椅背上，意识到烟卷呆呆地被夹在自己伸出的手里，而越过窗门，那下午的微风正在花园的橡树底下跳舞。

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However, as the name（read－only memory）implies, CD disks cannot be written onorchanged in any way.

然而，正如其名字所指出的那样，CD盘不能写，也不能用任何方式改变其内容。

Galvanizes steel pallet is mainly export which suits standard packing of European Union, the North America. galvanizes steel pallet is suitable to heavy rack. Pallet surface can design plate type, corrugated and the gap form, satisfies the different requirements.

镀锌钢托盘多用于出口，替代木托盘，免薰蒸，符合欧盟、北美各国对出口货物包装材料的法令要求；喷涂钢托盘适用于重载上货架之用，托盘表面根据需要制作成平板状、波纹状及间隔形式，满足不同的使用要求。