事先的

"The first Western coinage, possibly begun by King Gyges of Lydia (7th century BC), consisted of irregular ingots of electrum bearing his stamp as a guarantee of negotiability at a predetermined value."

西方造币最早可能由公元前7世纪里底亚盖吉兹国王开始的，货币由不规则的银金矿锭组成，其上有国王的印记，以保证它按事先规定好的价值流动。

"The first Western coinage, possibly begun by King Gyges of Lydia (7th century BC), consisted of irregular ingots of electrum bearing his stamp as a guarantee of negotiability at a predetermine d value."

西方造币最早可能由公元前7世纪里底亚盖吉兹国王开始的，货币由不规则的银金矿锭组成，其上有国王的印记，以保证它按事先规定好的价值流动。

However, I was so Enamour'd of this Place, that I spent much of my Time there, for the whole remaining Part of the Month of July; and tho' upon second Thoughts I resolv'd as above, not to remove, yet I built me a little kind of a Bower, and surrounded it at a Distance with a strong Fence, being a double Hedge, as high as I could reach, well stak'd, and fill'd between with Brushwood; and here I lay very secure, sometimes two or three Nights together, always going over it with a Ladder, as before; so that I fancy'd now I had my Country-House, and my Sea-Coast-House: And this Work took me up to the Beginning of August.

第二天，十九日，我带着事先做好的两只小袋子回去装运我的收获物。但是，当我来到葡萄堆前面时，原来饱满完好的葡萄，现在都东一片，西一片被拖散开，有的被践踏得破碎不堪，有的则已吃掉了。眼前的情景一片狼籍。这不禁使我大吃一惊。看来，附近一定有野兽出没；至于什么野兽，当然我无法知道。

Gorat's– my favorite steakhouse – will again be open exclusively for Berkshire shareholders on Sunday, May 1, and will be serving from 4 pm until 10 pm Please remember that to come to Gorat's on that day, you must have a reservation . To make one, call 402-551-3733 on April 1. If Sunday is sold out, try Gorat's on one of the other evenings you will be in town. Enhance your reputation as an epicure by ordering , as I do, a rare T-bone with a double helping of hash browns.

我个人最爱的牛排馆-Gorat's为了Berkshire股东年会破例在5/1星期天开门营业，从下午4点开始营业，一直到晚上10点，请记得星期天事先若没有订位的人请勿前往以免向隅，要预约请在4/1以后打电话(402-551-3733)，若订不到星期天的位子，也可以试试其他晚上，记得跟我一样，老练一点地点丁骨牛排加上双份的牛肉丸。

Gorat's – my favorite steakhouse – will again be open exclusively for Berkshire shareholders on Sunday, May 1, and will be serving from 4 p.m. until 10 p.m. Please remember that to come to Gorat's on that day, you must have a reservation. To make one, call 402-551-3733 on April 1. If Sunday is sold out, try Gorat's on one of the other evenings you will be in town. Enhance your reputation as an epicure by ordering, as I do, a rare T-bone with a double helping of hash browns.

我个人最爱的牛排馆-Gorat's 为了 Berkshire 股东年会破例在 5/1 星期天开门营业，从下午 4 点开始营业，一直到晚上 10 点，请记得星期天事先若没有订位的人请勿前往以免向隅，要预约请在 4/1 以后打电话(402-551-3733)，若订不到星期天的位子，也可以试试其它晚上，记得跟我一样，老练一点地点丁骨牛排加上双份的牛肉丸。

In addition,we analyze the auctioneer's/buyer's expected payoff and suggest an optimal scoring rule to be announced accordin

通过分析拍卖人的期望收益和根据特定方案建议一个最优的记分规则，我们发现在这三种拍卖方式中买者的期望收益只相差一个事先定义好的常数。

The gag is that a prankster is gluing down his chess-pieces so that he can get on a roller-coaster, sit in the front seat, and be photographed deep in concentration over a gnarly chess-problem while behind him the rest of the coaster's riders go berserk.

场景是：一个人，他把事先用胶水粘上棋子的国际象棋棋盘带到了过山车上，然后他坐在过山车的前排，拍了张照片，好象是陷入了思考棋局的样子，而坐在他后面的人，都因为坐过山车的紧张刺激而显得一脸疯狂。

Later on, such a typical bribery was popularized, normalized and institutionalized; it changed from prior payment to integrity-based after-service one. One could even be accused on moral grounds of not tipping decently. Hilary Clinton was once criticized by the media for not tipping a waiter,"They don't have a handsome salary, how could they support their families if you don't tip?"

这一典型的贿赂行为被渐渐发扬光大，而且规范化、制度化，从事先付款，到诚信为本的事后付款，甚至如果你不付得体的小费，会受到道义的谴责——有一次希拉里没给服务员付小费就被媒体批评：那些服务员收入不高，你不付小费他们怎么养家糊口呀？

And it is immutably fixed beforehand. There can be no final deception

它的开成要靠双方，而且是事先就已经确定的，最终的欺骗是不可能的

Such doing, to audit staff, can arouse the enthusiasm of audit staff, the evaluation; that makes just and sound to leading the economic responsibility inside cadre lieutenancy from will be look by audit unit, check easily problem, facilitating investigation is analysed, fulfil responsibility in time, make leave one's post person hand in clearly, inductee is received so that be clear that; looks from branch of constituent human affairs, can produce beforehand feedback effect, receive audit report beforehand, facilitating understanding arrives true condition of the cadre, provide referenced basis to appropriate appoint cadre.

这样做，对审计人员来说，能够调动审计人员的积极性，对领导干部任期内的经济责任做出公允的评价；从被审计单位来看，容易核对问题，便于调查分析，及时落实责任，使离任者交得明白，就任者接得清楚；从组织人事部门来看，能够发挥事前反馈作用，事先接到审计报告，便于了解到干部的真实情况，对恰当任用干部提供参考依据。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。