乳癌

The investigators assessed tumor features as well as rates of breast cancer recurrence and the development of contralateral breast cancer.

调查人员评估肿瘤特徵及乳癌复发与对侧乳癌发生的比例。

Women who have premenopausal first-degree relatives with breast cancer have a three- to fourfold increased risk of breast cancer.

如果有一级亲属绝经前诊断为乳癌那她患乳癌的风险增加3－4倍。

The progress intervals between stages of the disease were estimated using left-censored and interval censored Markov chain models with a 6-year follow-up simulation. Results showed an annual preclinical incidence rate of 5.7 per 1000 for the high-risk group. The mean sojourn time was 1.90 years (95% CI=1.18-4.86). The proportion of interval case increased with the screening interval.

本研究自1995年至1996年10月止利用台湾地区12家大型医院，锁定出2629名高危险群妇女接受乳癌筛检，第一年筛检到的31名病病例之实证资料，推估得妇女乳癌之临床症前期发生率为每年每千人5.7人（0.0057/年），依据这些资料。

All cases of breast cancer with homolateral supraclavicular lymph node metastasis received preoperative chemotherapy.Then twelve cases underwent radical mastectomy and cervical lymph node resection,fifteen cases received preoperative radiotherapy and radical mastectomy("sandwich"therapy).

方法所有病例均于术前行新辅助化疗，其中12例乳腺癌锁骨上转移癌患者再行乳癌根治术和颈淋巴结清扫术，并与15例同期术前行放疗，再行乳癌根治术、化疗和放疗患者对比，观察1～3年存活率和复发时间。

The cause of macromastia is not well understood and may be related to the mistakes in gene expression during puberty or pregnancy. There are a lot of researches focusing on the molecular mechanism of breast cancer and lactation, but seldom on macromastia. The size of an organ is determined by the size of the cells and the number of the cells, which depends on cell division and cell death.

巨乳症的成因可能是由於青春期或怀孕期乳房发育基因的表现异常而造成，但目前的研究对此并没有很详细的研究，与巨乳症相关的研究大多集中於病患的心理生理评估及手术方法的比较，乳房发育的相关研究目前都集中於乳癌与泌乳退乳的机制。

Patients who received reduction mammaplasty for juvenile macromastia in NTUH from January 2003 to December 2005 are enrolled as macromastia group. The control group includes the patients who received breast operation for breast cancer in NTUH in the same time period, with breast sizes not larger than C cup.

我们搜集西元2003年至2005年因青春期巨乳症而至台大医院接受缩乳手术且乳房尺寸大於等於E罩杯的病患为巨乳组，对照组则选取同一时期因乳癌於台大医院接受乳房切除手术且乳房尺寸小於等於C罩杯的病患，选取其未受乳癌侵犯的乳房组织。

Conclustion: Many cell factors have secretion and regulation turbulence in serum for patients with mastocarcinoma.

乳癌患者血清中多种细胞因子存在分泌调节紊乱，检测乳癌患者血清TNF、IL 2、IL 6 ，可作为乳癌辅助诊断、判断病情与估计预后的参考指标

Methods:The changes of serum CYFRA21-1 level were detected by RIA method in 34 patients with breast benign diseasesˇ47 patients with protopathic breast cancer before and after their operations and 56 patients with breast cancer only after operations.

方法ˇ采用放免法测定 34例乳ˇ良性疾病患者术前、47例乳ˇ癌患者术前和术后 4周及 56例乳ˇ癌术后随访患者的血清 CYFRA21-1 水平ˇ进行对照分析。

In the patients with protopathic breast cancer,the level of CYFRA21-1 after the operation for 4 weeks was lower than that before operation and the difference of them was significant.

结论ˇ血清 CYFRA21-1 检测对乳ˇ癌特异性高ˇ但对乳ˇ癌术前诊断价值不大ˇ对乳ˇ癌转移复发的监测有非常重要意义。

Breast cancer commonly metastasizes to bones, producing both osteolytic and osteoblastic deposits. Different markers for quantitative determination of bone turnover have been developed to evaluate bone metastases of breast cancer. The urinary deoxypyridionline, a crosslink product of collagen molecules found in bone and excreted in urine during bone degradation, and bone specific alkaline phosphatase, an isoenzyme localized in the membrane of osteoblasts and released in circulation during bone formation, were recently described as a group of markers of bone turnover in metastatic cancer.

乳癌患者常见骨髓转移造成溶骨性及成骨性沈积物，而利用不同标记来定量骨质转换形态，可以评估乳癌骨骼转移的变化，而尿液中Deoxypyridinoline是骨质内胶原分子在骨骼破坏分解时至尿中的产物，骨特殊碱性磷酸酵素是一种同形酵素，位於成骨细胞的外膜且在骨骼形成时释放至血液中，利用此两种生化标记，可以来预测乳癌转移至骨骼的转换情形。

Singer Leona Lewis and former Led Zeppelin guitarist Jimmy Page emerged as the bus transformed into a grass-covered carnival float, and the pair combined for a rendition of "Whole Lotta Love".

歌手leona刘易斯和前率领的飞艇的吉他手吉米页出现巴士转化为基层所涵盖的嘉年华花车，和一双合并为一移交&整个lotta爱&。

This is Kate, and that's Erin.

这是凯特，那个是爱朗。