乳头状的

Objective To investigate the clinical features, causes of blindness and diagnosis of Vogt Koyanagi Harada syndrome Methods The data of 157 patients with VKH syndrome were reviewed and analyzed Patients were carefully examined with slit lamp, ophthalmoscope, three mirror lens, fundus fluorescein angiography, indocyanine green angiography and HLA typing Results Headache was noted in 73 5% of these patients Simultaneous involvement of both eyes occurred in 80 8% of these patients Chroiditis,papilledema and edema of the retina adjacent to the optic nerve were noted in 100% of these patients in the posterior uveitis stage, whereas recurrent granulomatous anterior uveitis (98 4%),"sunset glow" fundus (95 8%) and Dalen Fuchs nodules (71 2%) were the common ocular findings in the recurrent anterior uveitis stage The common causes of blindness were papillitis, exudative retinal detachment and complicated cataract in the posterior uveitis stage, anterior uveal involvement stage and its recurrent stage Poliosis (36 3%) and alopecia (35 0%) were the most common extraocular findings Early irregular patches of fluorescence, followed by localized hyperfluorescent spots were the typical findings of FFA Dilation of choroidal vessels and leakage of ICG from the choroidal vessels were the common ICGA findings The prevalence of HLA DR4 and HLA DRw53 in patients (54 9% and 71 8% respectively) was significantly higher than that in controls (14 7% and 38 2% respectively) Conclusions VKH syndrome is characterized by chroiditis, papillitis or neuroretinitis in the posterior uveitis stage, followed by a generalized uveitis with a typical recurrent granulomatous anterior uveitis Extraocular findings and relevant examinations including FFA, ICGA and HLA typing are helpful to the diagnosis of VKH syndrome

目的探讨Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada综合征患者的临床特征、盲目原因及诊断等有关问题。方法对在1996年1月至2000年12月间就诊资料完整的157例VKH综合征患者进行回顾性分析，并对裂隙灯、眼底镜、三面镜、荧光素眼底血管造影(fundus fluorescein angiography，FFA)、吲哚青绿血管造影(indocyanine green angiography，ICGA)及人类白细胞抗原分型等检查结果进行分析。结果 VKH综合征最常见的前驱症状为头痛(102例，73.5%)，双眼同时患病118例(80.8%)；后葡萄膜炎期眼部主要表现为脉络膜炎、视乳头及附近视网膜水肿(100.0%)；前葡萄膜炎反复发作期眼部表现为复发性肉芽肿性前葡萄膜炎(128例，98.4%)、晚霞状眼底改变(95.8%)及Dalen-Fuchs结节(71.2%)；后葡萄膜炎期、前葡萄膜受累期及前葡萄膜炎反复发作期导致盲目的主要原因分别为视乳头炎、视网膜脱离及并发性白内障；毛发变白(36.3%)及脱发(35.0%)是最常见的眼外表现；炎症活动期FFA典型表现为斑驳状高荧光，ICGA发现脉络膜血管扩张、通透性增高等改变；VKH综合征患者HLA-DR4及HLA-DRw53的阳性率(54.9%及71.8%)显著高于正常对照组(14.7%及38.2%)。结论 VKH综合征患者在后葡萄膜炎期眼部典型表现为双侧脉络膜炎、视乳头炎或神经视网膜炎，随后出现以反复发作的肉芽肿性前葡萄膜炎为特征的全葡萄膜炎。眼外症状及相关的辅助检查包括FFA、ICGA 及HLA分型等有助于VKH综合征的诊断。

Neuronal cell bodies and fibers with moderate mGluR7-LI were seen in the olfactory bulb,anterior olfactory nucleus,piriform cortex,septofimbrial nucleus,bed nucleus of the strial terminalis,lateral hypothalamic area,paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus,supramammillary nucleus,medial and lateral mammillary nuclei,most part of the thalamus,medial and lateral geniculate bodies,nucleus of the optic tract,red nucleus,substantia nigra,interpeduncular nucleus,pontine nuclei,lateral parabrachial nucleus,superior olivary complex,nucleus of the trapezoid body,motor nucleus of the trigeminal nerve,facial nucleus,ambiguus nucleus,cochlear nucleus,vestibular nuclei,nucleus of the solitary tract,hypoglossal nucleus,prepositus hypoglossal nucleus,medullary reticular formation,Purkinje cells of the cerebellum,nucleus raphe obscurus,intermediolateral nucleus of the spinal cord,Onuf′s nucleus and lamina X of the spinal cord.

呈中等强度染色的神经元胞体和纤维见于嗅结节、前嗅核、梨状皮质、隔伞核、终纹床核、下丘脑外侧区、下丘脑室旁核、乳头体上核、乳头体内、外核、丘脑大部分核团、内外侧膝状体、视束核、红核、黑质、脚间核、桥核、臂旁外侧核、上橄榄复合体、斜方体核、三叉神经运动核、面神经核、疑核、耳蜗核、前庭核簇、楔束外核、孤束核、舌下神经核、舌下神经前置核、中缝隐核、延髓网状结构、小脑蒲肯野细胞层、脊髓中间带外侧核、Onuf核和中央管周围灰质。

The differentiation states of costae indicates the ways they absorb and transport water, and their ability adapting to the dry conditions, which was elucidated by the following examples: Brachythecium plumosum, because of its thin cell-walls in the costae and the absence of hydrome, assistant and steroid cells, can absorb water and nutrition under shady and moist conditions; Plagiomnium rostratum, though often grows in shady and wet condition, has hydrome and steroid cells, a feature similar to those of xeric mosses, which endows it to grow in the conditions with periodical drought stress during its life cycle; Hygrohypnum luridum is characterized by its slender leaves with only one layer of cells, the thin cell-walls, the absence of filaments on the leaf surface, and the fewer layer cells in the costae, the absence of hydrome and steroid cells. These features make it adaptable to aquatic environments. For Pogonatum inflexum and Atrichum undulatum, their ventral surfaces covered with lamella, while for Racomitrium japonicum, Thuidium cymbifolium, Macromitrium ferriei, Diphyscium fulvifolium, Barbula unguiculata and Ceratodon purpureus, their leaves are strongly mammillose or papillos. Such appendiculate structures made them adaptable to thy conditions.

例如，荫湿生环境下的羽枝青藓Brachythecium plumosum，其中肋细胞胞壁较薄，无导水主细胞和副细胞的分化，也没有厚壁细胞分化，能够在阴湿环境下吸收水分和养分；钝叶匍灯藓Plagiomnium rostratum具有与旱生藓类植物相似的中肋结构，叶片较厚，中肋具导水主细胞，中肋背面具厚壁细胞，这些特点使该种藓类植物能够分布于间隙性干旱胁迫的环境中；水灰藓Hygrohypnum luridum叶片纤细柔弱，仅1层细胞，细胞胞壁薄，叶表无附属结构，中肋细胞层数少，无导水主细胞分化，也没有厚壁细胞，这些特点使得水灰藓'能够生长在水生环境中；东亚小金发藓Pogonatum inflerum和波叶仙鹤藓Atrichum undulatum的叶腹面覆盖着栉片，东亚砂藓Racomitrium japonicum、大羽藓Thuidium cymbifolium、福氏蓑藓Macromitrium ferriei、东亚短颈藓Diphyscium fuhifolium、扭口藓Barbula unguiculata和角齿藓Ceratodon purpureus的叶片表面有乳头状突起或疣状物，这些附属结构使它们能够适应于旱生的环境中。

The main differential diagnosis of a tumor located in the trigone of the lateral ventricle should include choroid plexus papilloma in patients under 10 years of age; low-grade gliomas, such as ependymoma, oligodendroglioma, and low-grade astrocytoma in patients between 10 and 40 years of age; and metastases and meningioma after the 4th decade of life.

位于侧脑室三角区的肿瘤其主要的鉴别诊断应该包括脉络膜乳头状瘤（小于10岁）；低级别的胶质瘤，如室管膜瘤、少突胶质细胞、低级别的星形细胞瘤等（10-40岁患者），大于40岁的要考虑的转移瘤和脑膜瘤。

The tumor is sessile, polypoid, or castlike and is characterized by the presence of innumerable papillary frondlike infoldings comprised of proliferations of columnar epithelial cells around the slender fibrovascular stalks that are supported by the connective tissue of the lamina propria.1 Occasionally, tumor spreads superficially along a variable length of the bile duct.

该肿瘤是无蒂、乳头样或脱落物样的，以及肿瘤表面特征性地存在无数乳头样叶状内折叠，这些乳头是由围绕纤细的以管腔的结缔组织为支撑的纤维血管茎增殖的柱状上皮细胞构成。肿瘤偶尔也会沿不同长度在胆管表面蔓延。

Lipomatous tumors in internal auditory canal and cerebellopontine angle are very rare; low-grade papillary adenocarcinoma of endolymphatic sac origin is rarely reported and has low malignant potential.

脂肪瘤样迷离瘤是一种发生在内耳听神经管或桥小脑角非常罕见的由脂肪、纤维、平滑肌、横纹肌以及神经成分组成的良性肿瘤。内耳内淋巴囊来源的低级别乳头状腺癌是发生在内耳内淋巴囊的特别罕见的低级别肿瘤。

The new photos uploaded show a papillary adenocarcinoma with features suggestive of serous adenocarcinoma of mullerian origin.

新上传的图像显示明显的乳头状腺癌的特点，可以考虑苗勒氏管来源的浆液性腺癌，如子宫，卵巢和腹膜。

We performed a hospital-based, case–control study of 100 patients with newly diagnosed oropharyngeal cancer and 200 control patients without cancer to ealuateassociations between HP infection and oropharyngeal cancer.

我们进行一项以医院为基础的病例对照研究，研究对象为100名新近诊断的口咽癌患者和200名为未患癌症的对照患者，研究评价人乳头状瘤病毒感染与口咽癌的相关性。

Methods Immunohistochemistry was used to detect Tiam 1 expression in 89 cases of primary tumor and metastatic lymph node of thyroid carcinoma.

结果淋巴结转移癌组织中Tiam1的表达显著高于甲状腺癌原发灶中的表达(P.05)；伴发转移的甲状腺癌组织比未发生转移的甲状腺癌组织的Tiam1表达明显增强(P.05)；甲状腺髓样癌、未分化癌组织中Tiam1的表达显著高于乳头状癌、滤泡癌中的表达(P.05)；高临床分期甲状腺癌组织中的Tiam1表达明显高于低临床分期中的表达(P.05)。

Materials and Methods The triphasic dynamic enhanced CT findings of 52 patients with renal cell carcinoma were reviewed.

资料与方法回顾性分析52例肾癌患者的三期动态CT扫描资料，对经手术病理证实的透明细胞癌、乳头状癌、嫌色细胞癌3种肾癌亚型图像进行双盲法对比分析，比较肿瘤的大小、强化程度与模式（均匀、不均匀及主要周边强化）、有无钙化、出血、坏死与囊变、肿瘤扩散及淋巴结转移等情况，同时结合患者的性别和年龄，分析3种亚型肾癌之间的影像学差异。

I didn't watch TV last night, because it .

昨晚我没有看电视，因为电视机坏了。

Since this year, in a lot of villages of Beijing, TV of elevator liquid crystal was removed.

今年以来，在北京的很多小区里，电梯液晶电视被撤了下来。