乡镇企业

In the past twenty years, town and township enterprises in our country have achieved great success. But in the new situation, lack and behindhand management of talents become the bottleneck of development of the town and township enterprises.

中国的乡镇企业经过20多年的发展，取得了重大成就，但在新形势下，人才的相对匮乏和管理滞后越来越成为乡镇企业的发展的瓶径。

Where a township enterprise wishes to change its name or domicile, or to divide itself or merger with another, to suspend operation of close down, it shall, after making the registration of alteration, establishment of cancellation according to law, report to the administrative department for township enterprises for the record.

乡镇企业改变名称，住所或者分立、合并、停业、终止等，依法办理变更登记、设立登记或者注销登记后，应当报乡镇企业行政管理部门备案。

Article 12 The state shall protect legal rights and interests of township enterprises with their legal property subject to no encroachment.

第十二条国家保护乡镇企业的合法权益；乡镇企业的合法财产不受侵犯。

Among the problems,appointing people by favouritism and opportunism expanding are the most serious ones.

乡镇企业对复杂性的管理存在的很多问题，尤其的"任人唯亲"和"机会主义扩张"的原则，严重阻碍了乡镇企业的进一步成长。

The research is based on the history and current situation of the TVES of GaiZhou City, and firstly analyses the problems and filibuster during the process of development, meanwhile, the domestic and abroad environment are also been analyzed systematically.

论文研究以盖州市乡镇企业发展的历史和现状为依据，首先分析了盖州市乡镇企业发展过程中存在的问题和阻力，同时也对盖州市乡镇企业发展面临的国内外宏观经济环境进行了系统分析。

However, with the acceleration of market-oriented economy and internationalization, there are several difficulties in Township and Village Enterprises:indistinction of property right 、 individety of government and enterprise 、 inclearty of right and responsibility 、 irrationality of ownship structure. etc. This certainly requires Township and Village Enterprises take property right system reform as a breach and quicken system innovation so that Township and Village Enterprises realize the second leap.

但是，随着经济市场化、国际化的加速，乡镇企业的诸多问题也开始显露出来：产权不明晰、政企不分、责权不明确、所有制结构不尽合理等等，这必然要求乡镇企业以产权制度改革为突破口，加快制度创新以实现乡镇企业的第二次飞跃。

And during the period of share- cooperation system, the local government was no longe...

股份合作制时期，乡镇政府不再直接参与乡镇企业的经营活动，这使乡镇政府干预企业的程度减轻，有助于乡镇企业效率的提高。

First, it contended that before the townish land using system was reformed, the conventional townish land using system hampered the concentration of rural and small town enterprises into town. However, after the system was reformed, because of the faultiness or disadvantage of the rural constructive land using system, the land price of enterprises location varied obviously which made an important influence on the location of rural and small town enterprises.

首先，从理论上提出在城镇土地使用制度改革前，传统的城镇土地使用制度阻碍了乡镇企业向城镇聚集；而认为在城镇土地使用制度改革后，农村集体建设土地使用制度的不完善或弊端所导致的，乡镇企业在农村选址的低土地成本与在城镇选址所带来的高土地成本二者之间的反差，对于现阶段乡镇企业是否在城镇布局有着重要的影响作用。

This article is for the purpose of through the analysis discussion of the present situation of our country Rural enterprise after developing the electronic commerce presently, and the on-the-spot defeats case of some Rural enterprise of Hunan Province, analyzes the question existed, then discovers some feasible high countermeasure to solute the questions the Rural enterprise existed nowadays, and provide the reference for electronic commerces development of our country.

本文旨在通过对我国乡镇企业现开展电子商务的现状进行分析探讨，并根据实地调查了湖南省某一乡镇企业开展电子商务失败的案例后，从而分析乡镇企业开展电子商务所存在的问题。再根据搜集的资料找出一些可行性高的对策，解决现今乡镇企业开展电子商务所存在的问题，以期为我国电子商务今后的发展提供参考。

Leaders at all levels over the years has been and the government and the community's concern: In 1990, by the Beijing Municipal People's Government of Agriculture and Forestry Office, the Beijing Municipal Bureau of Township Enterprises as outstanding enterprises; in 1991, the then secretary of the Beijing Municipal Comrade Li went to factory inspection and wrote an inscription for the enterprise,"science and technology enterprises"; in 1992 by Beijing Organizing Committee to assess the economic hundred as "economic hundred" enterprise; 1992 by the Beijing Municipal Administration for Industry and Commerce as "Shou contract re-credit" units; In 1993, the "core subjects" brand products by the National Science and Technology Commission, State Bureau of Technical Supervision, the State Bureau of Foreign Experts Affairs, the Ministry of Labor, Industrial and Commercial Bank of China as state-level new products, the same year was awarded the National Science and Technology Commission,"National Spark Award (Second Awards, etc.)"; in 1995 by the Ministry of Labor as" township enterprises nationwide scientific and technological progress advanced unit ", the product was" Chinese famous brand products of township enterprises "title; in 1996 to protect consumers by the Chinese Foundation awarded the" Consumer Trustworthy Product "title ; in 2000 the Beijing Municipal Bureau of Township Enterprises was awarded the "famous brand of township enterprises in Beijing key enterprises"; in 2004 to date, been continuous branch of the Agricultural Bank of China in Beijing as "AA grade credit enterprise" and other honorary titles.

多年来一直受到各级领导和政府及社会各界的关注：1990年，被北京市人民政府农林办公室、北京市乡镇企业局评为优秀企业；1991年，时任北京市委书记李锡铭同志曾到厂考察，并为企业题词&科技兴企&；1992年被北京经济百强评估组委会评为&经济百强&企业；1992年度被北京市工商行政管理局评为&重合同守信誉&单位；1993年，&科蕊&牌产品被国家科委、国家技术监督局、国家外国专家局、劳动部、中国工商银行评为国家级新产品，同年获得国家科委颁发的&国家星火奖&； 1995年被劳动部评为&全国乡镇企业科技进步先进单位&，产品获得&中国乡镇企业名牌产品&称号；1996年被中国保护消费者基金会授予&消费者信得过产品&称号；2000年被北京市乡镇企业局授予&北京市乡镇企业创名牌重点企业&；2004年至今，连续被中国农业银行北京市分行评为&AA级信用企业&等荣誉称号。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。