乙酯基

In contrast to the previous work in which the ILs were used as solvents,[14,15,21] we observed that when this IL was used in a catalytic amount, the Knoevenagel condensation between ethyl cyanoacetate or malononitrile and carbonyl compounds (Scheme 1) could be performed with high efficiency.

和之前离子液体被用作溶剂的工作作为对比，[14，15，21]我们发现使用催化剂量的这种离子液体时，氰基乙酸乙酯或丙二腈和羰基化合物之间的Knoevenagel缩合(图示1)可以体现出高效率。

The basic functionalized ionic liquid, 1 -butyl-3-methylimidazolium hydroxide OH, was prepared and used to catalyze the Knoevenagel condensation of aromatic aldehydes with malononitrile or ethyl cyanoacetate.

合成了碱性功能化离子液体氢氧化1-丁基－3-甲基咪唑，研究了将其作为催化剂催化芳香醛和丙二氰、氰基乙酸乙酯的Knoevenagel缩合反应。

The basic functionalized ionic liquid, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hydroxide, was prepared and used to catalyze the Knoevenagel condensation of aromatic aldehydes with malononitrile or ethyl cyanoacetate.

合成了碱性功能化离子液体氢氧化1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑，研究了将其作为催化剂催化芳香醛和丙二氰、氰基乙酸乙酯的Knoevenagel缩合反应。

Based on the problem of various types of catalyst and according to the features of carbonylation catalysts reactions, our team has been designed a series of new metal complexes of benimidazoles, which can be used for carbonylation catalyst of industry. Seven new benzimidazole derivatives were prepared by the o-phenylenediamine、oxalic acid、glycolic acid、monomethyl monopotassium malonate、ethyl cyanoacetate、succinic anhydride. The structures of them were confirmed by IR、Elemental analsis. The crystal structures of d and e were determined by X-ray single crystal diffraction of Germanic Bruker Smart APEX II CCD. The catalysis of them was tested by carbonylation reactions.

本文设计以邻苯二胺和草酸、羟基乙酸、丙二酸单甲酯、氰基乙酸乙酯、丁二酸单甲酯为原料采用PPA催化和无机酸催化法，合成了4种苯并咪唑-2-羧酸衍生物并进行了表征；培养了2个化合物d、e的晶体并测定和讨论了晶体结构；制备了3种未见报道的苯并咪唑金属配合物，对配合物在羰基化法制醋酐-醋酸反应的催化作用进行了初步试验。

This dissertation is mainly focused on the reactivity of methylenecyclopropanes and comprises six parts. 1 The reactions of methylenecyclopropanes with phenylsulfenyl chloride, phenylselenyl chloride and diphenyl diselenide; 2 The coupling reactions of the ring-opening products derivated from methylenecyclopropanes; 3 The palladium-catalyzed ring-enlargement of mono-aryl group substituted methylenecyclopropanes to cyclobutenes. 4 The gold-catalyzed domino ring-opening and ring-closing hydroamination of methylenecyclopropanes with sulfonamides; 5 The Lewis acid-catalyzed reactions of mono-aryl group substituted methylenecyclopropanes with diethyl ketomalonate in the presence of water; 6 The iodobenzene diacetate mediated novel 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of methylenecyclopropanes, vinylidenecyclopropanes, and methylenecyclobutane with phthalhydrazine.

本论文主要研究了亚甲基环丙烷类化合物的一些化学反应性能，共由以下六部分组成：1、亚甲基环丙烷类化合物与苯硫氯、苯硒氯及二苯基二硒的反应；2、亚甲基环丙烷类化合物开环产物的偶联反应；3、单芳基取代的亚甲基环丙烷类化合物在钯催化剂作用下的扩环反应；4、金化合物催化磺酰胺对亚甲基环丙烷类化合物的串联开环关环氨氢化反应；5、路易斯酸催化亚甲基环丙烷类化合物与丙酮二羧酸二乙酯在有水存在下的反应；6、醋酸碘苯促进的亚甲基环丙烷类化合物、亚乙烯基环丙烷类化合物及亚甲基环丁烷类化合物与邻苯二甲酰肼的新型1，3-偶极环加成反应。

The key intermediate 3-methylaminopiperidine was synthesized from 3-methylaminopyridine by two methods,formylation and lithium aluminium hydride reduction or condensation with triethyl orthoformate and sodium borohydride reduction,and then hydr...

以3-氨基吡啶为原料，分别通过甲酰化反应、氢化铝锂还原和原甲酸三乙酯缩合、硼氢化钠还原两种方法得到3-甲胺基吡啶，最后经催化氢化得到中间体3-甲胺基哌啶。

The key intermediate 3- methylaminopiperidine was synthesized from 3-methylaminopyridine by two methods, formylation and lithium aluminium hydride reduction or condensation with triethyl orthoformate and sodium borohydride reduction, and then hydrolysis.

以3-氨基吡啶为原料，分别通过甲酰化反应、氢化铝锂还原和原甲酸三乙酯缩合、硼氢化钠还原两种方法得到3-甲胺基吡啶，最后经催化氢化得到中间体3-甲胺基哌啶。

The main components were myristic acid (19.37%), palmitic acid methyl ester(7.56%), lascorbic acid 2,6dihexadecanoate(6.27%), 8,11octadecadienoicacid methyl ester(5.22%), heptadecane(4.82%), lauryl ethoxylate(2.98%), 2isopropyl5methyl1heptanol (2.62%), tetracosanoic acid methyl ester(2.12%),2ethyl2methyltridecanol (2.08%), et al.

其化学成分主要为肉豆蔻酸(19.37%)，棕榈酸甲酯(7.56%)，2，6十六烷基1抗坏血酸酯(6.27%)，8，11十八碳二烯酸甲酯（5.22%），十七烷（4.82%），十二烷基乙氧基醚（2.98%），2异丙基5甲基1庚醇(2.62%)，二十四烷酸甲酯（2.12%），2乙基2甲基十三醇（2.08%）等。

In this thesis,three copolymerization systems have been investigated in detail.They are α-ethylacrylic acid/maleimide,α- acrylic acid/maleimide and monomethyl itaconate/maleimide,respectively.

本文对α-乙基丙烯酸/马来酰亚胺、α-正丙基丙烯酸/马来酰亚胺和衣康酸单甲酯/马来酰亚胺三种新的共聚体系进行了详细地研究，并对合成共聚物的生理活性进行了初步探讨，实现了α-正丙基丙烯酸乙酯/马来酰亚胺体系的可控共聚反应。

The reaction of [60] fullerene with dimethyl malonate and diethyl malonate in the presence of manganese acetate dihydrate for 20 min afforded singly bonded [60] fullerene dimers in a 1, 4-addition pattern.

Mn作为一类良好的自由基引发剂，能有效地催化C〓与丙二酸二甲酯和丙二酸二乙酯的自由基加成反应，生成C〓的二聚体。在回流的氯苯中随着时间的的延长，二聚体分解成1，4-双加成的C〓衍生物。

With Death guitarist Schuldiner adopting vocal duties, the band made a major impact on the scene.

随着死亡的吉他手Schuldiner接受主唱的职务，乐队在现实中树立了重要的影响。

But he could still end up breakfasting on Swiss-government issue muesli because all six are accused of nicking around 45 million pounds they should have paid to FIFA.

不过他最后仍有可能沦为瑞士政府&议事餐桌&上的一道早餐，因为这所有六个人都被指控把本应支付给国际足联的大约4500万英镑骗了个精光。