乙烯

Bis vinyl phenyl terminated polydimethylsiloxane was synthesized by the hydrosilylation of bis dimethylhydrogen siloxyl terminated PDMS with m divinyl benzene. The structure of the VTPDMS was characterized by 1H NMR.

通过双二甲基氢硅氧封端的聚二甲基硅氧烷与间二乙烯基苯的硅氢加成反应制备了双乙烯基苯封端的聚二甲基硅氧烷，用1H NMR对其结构进行了表征。

The results show that the introducing of multivinyl monomer and CaCO3 can slow down polymerization rate to different extent.Using 1％～5％ trimethylolpropane trimetbacrylateor divinyl benzene,tight encapsulation of CaCO3 can be realized and beyond 94％PS cannot be extracted. The amount of crosslinker or emulsifier should be accommodated when the load amount of CaCO3 is increased.CaCO3 content in the product increases consequently with the increase of the loaded amount of CaCO3,which can be known from FT-IR and TGA.TEM observations reveal that when the load amount of CaCO3 is 14.8％,most CaCO3 particles are encapsulated and each latex particle contains one CaCO3 particle.Composite particles have well-defined core—shell structure and the thickness of polymer shells is around 10 nm.However,the thickness of polymer shell decreases and many free CaCO3 particles appear when the load amount of CaCO3 reaches 29.3％and 58.7％,respectively.

结果表明，多乙烯基单体以及碳酸钙的引入会使聚合反应速率有不同程度的降低；使用1%～5%的TMPTMA或DVB，可实现PS对碳酸钙颗粒的牢固包覆，不可抽提的PS达94%以上；当碳酸钙用量改变时，需要适当调整乳化剂和多乙烯基单体的用量；IR和TGA的结果表明，随着碳酸钙用量增加，产物中的碳酸钙含量也相应增加；TEM照片和计算结果显示，当碳酸钙用量为14.8%时，绝大部分碳酸钙颗粒被包覆，且基本上每个乳胶粒中包覆一个碳酸钙颗粒，复合粒子具有清晰的核壳结构，壳层厚度约为10 nm，而当碳酸钙用量增加到29.3%和58.7%时，壳层厚度减小，并且出现较多裸露的碳酸钙颗粒。

To further extend the scope of this type Cannizzaro disproportionation reaction and the reactivity of enolate ligand in complex with aldehyde,we designed to synthesis new rare earth complexes containing arylamido and.enolate mixed ligands,studied their reactivity with aromatic aldehydes for the disproportionation reaction.

为了进一步探索这种歧化反应的应用范围及配合物中作为配体的乙烯醇基与醛的反应性，我们设计合成了含胺基、乙烯醇基混合配体的新型稀土配合物，并研究了其与芳香醛的反应。

Three novel rigid compounds 3, 6-bis[2-(4-pyridylethenyl]-9-ethylcarbazole (L~1), 3,6-bis[2-(2-pyridyl)ethenyl]-9-ethylcarbazole (L~2), 3,6-bis[2-(4-pyridyl)ethenyl]-9 -ethylpyridylcarbazole (L~3) were successfully synthesized by Heck reaction, which were fully characterized by elemental analyses, NMR, MS, IR spectra and single X-ray diffraction analysis.

利用Heck偶联反应，成功地合成了三种新型刚性的吡啶基咔唑类化合物：3，6-二[2-(4-吡啶基)乙烯基]-9-乙基咔唑(L~1)，3，6-二[2-(2-吡啶基)乙烯基]-9-乙基咔唑(L~2)和3，6-二[2-(4-吡啶基)吡啶基]-9-乙基吡啶基咔唑(L~3)，通过元素分析、核磁共振谱、质谱、红外光谱和单晶X-射线衍射等分析手段确证了它们的结构。

The invention relates to a mixed additive used in lithium secondary battery electrolyte, which is characterized in that: its components comprises that biphenyl at 0.5-95.4%, phenylcyclohexyl at 1.1-93.8%, vinylene carbonate at 0.4-93.2%, tertiary carbon alkyl benzene at 0.5-96.5%; and ethenyl sulfonyl benzene at

本发明公开了一种锂离子二次电池电解液用混合添加剂，其特征在于：组分与重量％分别是：联苯类0.5％～95.4％；环己基苯类1.1％～93.8％；碳酸亚乙烯酯0.4％～93.2％；叔碳烷基苯0.5％～96.5％；乙烯基硫酰苯0.5％～95.8％。

Three novel hemicyanine derivatives,-N-(4-sulfopropyl)-4-[2-(4- N, N-diethylaminophenyl)-ethenyl]pyridinium,-N-(4-suMbbutyl)- 4-[2-(4-N, N-diethylaminophenyl)ethenyl]pyridinium (EPS4), and-N-(4- su)fobutyl-4-[2-(4-N, N-diethylaminophenyl)ethenyl]quinolinium (EQS4) with different length of alkyl chains between the adsorbing group (RSO3-) and the chromophore group, were synthesized and their photophysical and photoelectrochemical properties were studied.

设计合成了具有不同空间位阻的吡啶盐类和喹啉盐类半菁染料-N-(4—磺酸根丙基)-4-[2-4（4-N，N-二乙基氨基苯基）乙烯基]吡啶鎓盐，-N-4-磺酸根丁基）-4-[2-(4-N，N-二乙氨基苯基）乙烯基]吡啶鎓盐（EPS4）和-N-（4-磺酸根丁基）-4-2-（4-N，N-二乙基氨基苯基）喹啉鎓盐（EQS4），研究了它们的光物理性质，并将它们用作TiO2纳米晶电极的光敏化剂引入光电化学电池中。

The reaction proceeds by ethene chemical adsorption to form the surface ethoxide and the C-C bond formation between the ethoxide and the second ethene molecule to form the butoxide product.

乙烯化学吸附生成的烷氧化合物与物理吸附的乙烯分子发生二聚反应生成新的C-C键同时生成新的烷氧化合物。

For the stepwise mechanism, the ethylene molecule was firstly adsorbed at the Brnsted acid site via π-hydrogen bonding to form a stable complex, which then went through the protonation, leading to the formation of the ethoxide intermediate. Furthermore, the ethoxide reacted with the second ethylene molecule to form the butoxide product.

对于分步反应机理，乙烯分子首先通过π-氢键作用在酸性位形成稳定的吸附络合物，再进一步发生质子化并生成乙醇盐中间体，随后乙醇盐与第二个乙烯分子发生碳－碳键结合形成丁醇盐产物。

Activity-stability experiment for the liquid phase alkylation of benzene with ethylene was proceeded for 2000hrs, the average values of ethylene conversion, ethyl-benzene selectivity and ethylation selectivity were 100%, 94.5% and 99.0% respectively.

进行了苯和乙烯液相烷基化的2 000 h 活性稳定性试验，乙烯转化率、乙苯选择性、乙基化选择性分别平均为100%、94.5%和99.0%。

ERAF17 gene expresses differently between male and female reproductive organs. Its expression is induced by ethylene or ethylene released compounds that can promote femaleness. No evidence directly shows the relationship between ERAF17 gene and femaleness, however. So this work focus on proving the positive correlation between the expression of ERAF17 gene induced by ethylene and development of female flowers,then search for the signal pathway of cucumber female reproductive organ development.

ERAF17基因在黄瓜的雌雄生殖器官的表达不同，可以由乙烯诱导表达，从而推动雌性化，但是它的作用机制却不清楚，并没有明确的证据表明ERAF17基因与雌花的发育有直接关系，所以本论文研究重点在于证明乙烯诱导ERAF17基因的表达对黄瓜雌花的分化有确定的正相关，从而可以探索黄瓜雌性器官发育存在的可能的信号通路，并对应用前景进行评估。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。