乘法

It is proved that the sum of squared residual of data fitting using TLS is less than that using least squares method.

证明了全最小二乘法解对数据残差平方和小于一般二乘解得残差平方和。

Based on the theory of least square method,combined with small residual sum of squares and large residual sum of squares,applied with the method of finite difference ,a new algorithm can be concluded .

从最小二乘法基本原理出发，结合大余量算法和小余量算法，运用有限差分的求导方法来求解Hessian矩阵，来推导试井分析中曲线自动拟合的新算法。

Model structure is determined according to the principle of minimizing residual sum of squares, model parameters are estimated by optimum instrumental variable method and prediction error method and validation of the model is performed by examining the whiteness of model residuals.

采用最小二乘法估计制动器ARX模型的参数，以损失函数最小为优化准则，判断了制动器模型的阶次。运用最优辅助变量法和预报误差法，对制动器ARMAX模型的参数进行了估计。

A two-layer framework with particle swarms cooperative optimization and a mutation parameter is introduced by the QPSCO algorithm for larger searching scale and quicker convergence. Moreover I the residual sum of squares in least-square principle is introduced into the fitness function to enhance the fitting precision of the sensor position curve.

在QPSCO算法中，采用双层的多粒子群协同优化结构，同时引入参数变异策略，在扩大搜索范围的同时加快该算法收敛；将加权最小二乘法的误差平方和引入适应度函数中，以提高传感器位置曲线的拟合精度，从而实现传感器的优化配置。

And the parameters were calculated by the mathematical model, including the values of five resisters of the thermal resister network. The experimental result of the circuit, which integrated the thermal resister network, had shown that the circuits output shows less voltage drift across the whole temperature range(26℃~40℃) than before.

为使补偿网络产生的温度-电压曲线能够与所要求的曲线最大程度的拟合，导出了用阻尼最小二乘法求网络参数的数学模型，运用该模型求出了热敏网络中固定电阻的阻值。

Moreover, we analyze explicitly selection of weighted function, reversibility of A matrix, confirm of radius of influencing domain and characteristic of interpolating function and so on.

并对移动最小二乘法的权函数的选取、A矩阵的可逆性、影响域半径的确定以及插值函数的性质等关键性问题都进行了详细的分析。

The mean velocity distributions in turbulent boundary layers of smooth surface and two different riblet surfaces are measured with IFA300 constant-temperature anemometer in low-speed wind tunnel to validate the full development of turbulent boundary laye. Friction velocity and wall friction stress of turbulent boundary layer are obtained with the least-squares fitted curve of the sublayer velocity distribution based on Spalding formula, and virtual origin position of riblet surface can be acquired accurately.

在低速风洞中来流速度一定的情况下使用IFA300恒温热线风速仪测量了光滑表面和两种不同尺寸的脊状表面湍流边界层平均速度分布剖面，并验证了试验段湍流发展的充分性；通过应用Spalding壁面公式使用最小二乘法精准拟合了实验测量的边界层内层速度分布曲线，得到了湍流边界层壁面摩擦速度并进一步求得湍流壁面摩擦应力，较准确地计算出脊状表面的虚拟原点位置，并通过与对数律公式拟合结果比较分析，证实了该方法更加准确有效。

Thirdly, the equations which are from the rigid transformation mode of surgical space and image space after identification of markers was solved to get the optimal transformation matrix and translation matrix of the two space.

用识别的数据建立手术空间和图像空间的刚体变换模型，再用最小二乘法解方程组得到两个空间的最优变换矩阵和平移矩阵。

In vector algebra, addition are defined to add coordinates entries respectively,and this system of operation is the direct sum Z Z={|a,b are integers} of integers ring Z,the operations are+=,=.

向量代数加法就是这样按照分量加法在运算，再加上按照分量的乘法，这个运算体系就是整数环Z的直和Z Z={|a，b为整数}，其上的运算就是+=，=。

The weight is determined by root-mean-square error method and the weight is modified by exponential smoothing method.

利用最小二乘法对该预测进行了改进，进一步扩大和提高了模型的应用范围和实用性。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。