乔木草原

During ～2.68-2.45 Ma, the vegetation was dominated by arbores, mainly Pinus, Chenopodiaceae and Artemisia, indicating a cold warm climate in the mountain region. During ～2.45-2.11 Ma, herbs increased rapidly and the climate became dry-cold, indicating the characteristic of the bushveld climate. During 2.11-1.49 Ma, the quantity and species of the herbs reached the culmination and the bush increased accordingly, showing that the climate became more and more arid. During 1.49-1.36 Ma, herbs declined slightly but pteridophytes increased relatively greatly, revealing a dry-cold grassland climate.

约在2.68～2.45Ma期间，植被以乔木为主，主要为松、藜、蒿，属山地寒温气候；约在 2.45～2.11Ma期间，草本植物迅速上升，气候变得干旱寒冷，显示出灌木草原气候特征；在2.11～1.49Ma期间，草本植物数量和种类达到之最，灌木相对增加，也显示气候进一步趋于干旱；在1.49～1.36Ma期间，草本植物有小幅下降，但蕨类植物增加幅度较大，显示了干冷草原气候特征。

Mongolica live were elaborated in detail. P. sysvestris var. mongolica live is naturally distributed in Greater Hinggan Mountains and Hulunbuir prairie in China and has been widely cultivated in "Three Norths" area since 1950's due to many years of introduction for cultivation.

樟子松在我国天然分布于大兴安岭和呼伦贝尔沙地草原，从20世纪50年代开始，经过多年的引种栽培，现已在&三北&地区被广泛地推广应用，成为造林的主要乔木树种，并对防治沙漠化起到了巨大的作用。

On the basis of field investigation about the arbor, shrub and steppe communities in Wuqi county, the authors quantitatively analyzed the vegetation recovery and the relationship between vegetation recovery and soil erosion.

中文摘要：在对吴旗县乔木林、灌木林和草原群落野外调查的基础上，对其植被恢复及植被恢复与水土流失的关系进行了定量分析，结果表明，在吴旗县这样的自然地理条件下，通过退耕还林、封山禁牧，植被完全可以得到恢复，完全可以控制水土流失的发生。

The steppe landscape is dominant but not apparent in its patch and area, and the percentage of the original vegetation of Stipa bungeana steppe is very low in the study area, which is apparently characterized by human disturbance. The diversity and evenness of patches in the study area are higher than those of the steppe landscape area, and the fragmentation and the isolation of the steppe are the highest. The landscape shapes of artificial arbor woods and cultivated lands are the simplest, and the landscape shapes of classical steppe and artificial shrub are in an instable stage.

结果表明：(1)草原景观在其斑块数和面积上虽然仍居首要地位，但其优势并不十分明显，而且该区原生植被本氏针茅草原只占很小的比重，呈现出非常明显的人类干扰特征；(2)研究区斑块的多样性程度和均匀度较高，而面积的多样性程度和均匀度较低，同时，典型草原的景观破碎度最大，景观分离度也最大；(3)景观形态上，人工乔木林和耕地的景观形态最为简单，典型草原和人工灌丛这2种景观类型还处于很不稳定的阶段。

But we don't care about Battlegrounds.

但我们并不在乎沙场中的显露。

Ah! don't mention it, the butcher's shop is a horror.

啊！不用提了。提到肉，真是糟透了。