乔木

Leaves evergreen, deciduous or semideciduous, alternate, sometimes clustered at stem apex; margin entire, very rarely crenulate, abaxial indumentum sometimes with a pellicle (a thin skinlike layer on the surface).

灌木或乔木陆生的或附生，常绿的叶，落叶或半落叶，互生，有时在茎先端的簇生；边缘全缘，极少具细圆齿，背面毛被有时具一表膜。

The results showed that the human disturbance didn't change the dominant positions and roles of Pinus massoniana and Cunninghamia lanceolata in arbor. But it decreased the average diameter at breast height and average tree height and changed the species composition.

结果表明，人为干扰对乔木层马尾松Pinus massoniana和杉木Cunninghamia lanceolata优势种的主体地位和作用没有根本性的改变，但使群落平均胸径和平均树高降低，群落种类组成发生变化。

A fast growing tree in the conifer family Cupressaceae native to the Sichuan - Hubei region of China . The leaves are opposite, 1-3 cm long, and bright fresh green, turning a foxy red-brown in fall.

落叶乔木，高达35一41.5米，胸径达1.6－2.4米；树皮灰褐色或深灰色，裂成条片状脱落；小枝对生或近对生，下垂。

The purple tradition arbor bud soup color is golden , mouth feeling is thick and heavy , flavour is full; Purple Juan tea soup is weak, heavy , harmonious bottom of green , bitter and astringent brown color taste cyaneous.

传统乔木紫芽汤色金黄、口感厚重、滋味饱满；紫鹃茶汤水薄、色褐绿、苦涩味较重，叶底靛蓝色。

Genus of poisonous tropical American evergreen shrubs and trees having entire leaves and large cymose flowers.

在美国热带，长有全缘叶子和大的聚伞状的花，长青的有毒的灌木和乔木属。

In habitats of the broad-leaved forest, the dominant tree are the species of Fagaceae in tree layer, Theaceae, Saxifragaceae and Lauraceae in shrub layer, Cyperaceae, Dryopteris spp. and Liliaceae in herb layer.

在阔叶林型栖息地中，乔木层主要树种为壳斗科植物，灌木层植物以山茶科、虎耳草科和樟科等科的种类为主，草本层植物以莎草科、蕨类和百合科为主。

The results showed that the lowland rain forest are composed of Heritiera parvfolia, Ormosia balansae, Ficus altissima, Vatica mangachapoi, Sarcosperma kachinense, Man glietia hainanense, Ixonanthes chinensis and Diospyros hainanensis in arbor layer and Gironniera subaequalis, Koilodepas hainanense, Blastus cochinchinensis, Psychotria rubra in shrub layer. The dominant species in mountain rain forest are Dacrydium pierrei, Podocarpus imbricatus, Xanthophyllum hainanense, Altingia obovata, Quercus auguslii and Adinandra hainanensis.

研究结果表明吊罗山低地雨林乔木层以蝴蝶树、青梅、高山榕、粘木、长脐红豆、海南柿、肉实树和海南木莲为主，灌木层以白颜树、白茶、柏拉木和九节为主；山地雨林以陆均松、鸡毛松、黄叶树、阿丁枫、扫把青冈和海南杨桐为优势种；山顶常绿矮林则以山地常绿阔叶林陆均松、琼崖柯、岭南青冈和油丹等种类的矮化为特征。

Trees evergreen, monoecious; branchlets ascending, rarely pendulous, often decussately arranged, terete or 4-angled in cross section.

乔木常绿，雌雄同体；小枝上升，很少下垂，经常decussately安排，圆柱状或者四棱形的在横断面上。

Base on comparison with the remote sensing data in 1982 and 2000 and field investigation, the results of land cover and land use change were obtained by the method of landscape analysis. Ten types of land use were identified: riparian woods, riparian shrubbery, desert shrubbery, desert grassland, river-way and water area, salinised land, town, Gobi, shift sand dune, denudative upland. The results show that,(1) there were obvious changes in land cover structure.

根据黑河下游额济纳绿洲土地生态分类，利用1982年与2000年2期TM遥感数据对比和野外实地调查，采用景观生态空间分布格局分析方法，分为河岸乔木林、河岸灌草林、荒漠稀疏灌丛、荒漠稀疏草地、河道与水域、盐碱化土地、城镇、戈壁、流动沙丘和剥蚀地山丘陵，从各类土地分布面积变化和类型转移趋向与幅度两个方面，分析了额济纳绿洲20年来土地覆被变化。

Chiefly tropical shrubs and trees and climbers having leathery leaves or flattened leaflike stems: genera Dillenia; Hibbertia.

主要是热带灌木和乔木及攀缘植物具有坚韧的树叶或平而叶状的茎；五桠果属；希伯特属。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。