义务教育

In the long run, the "County -level" Administration Mechanism can't radically change the low-lying center of the rural compulsory education investment, and can't provide reliable institutional guarantee and auspice for rural compulsory education.

从长远来看，"以县为主"的教育投入管理体制并未从根本上改变农村义务教育投入重心过低问题，未能为农村义务教育发展提供可靠的制度性保障和支持。

From 1945 to the end of 1970s is the key time of compulsory education financial system reform.

通过研究战后美国的义务教育财政改革，总结其经验和教训，对于中国的义务教育财政改革同样具有重要的参考价值和借鉴意义。

However,in the process of the execution of the policies,there present such problems that the schooling subsidies for rural compulsory education have been partially misappropriated,and that many schools have got less ingathering than they used to before the abolition of the acc...

针对这些问题，笔者认为应该建立义务教育经费的投入保障制度，建立科学规范、高效快捷的资金拨付制度等来完善广东义务教育阶段贫困学生资助政策。

After analyzing the financing of the compulsory education in Hubei Province in the period of 2000-2004,it turns out that the regional difference of per student expenditure for compulsory education of the whole province is less than those of per student public funding,and the relative difference of interlocal personnel funding is less than those of public funding.

通过对2000年-2004年湖北省义务教育经费投入状况分析后发现，全省义务教育生均经费差异的地区差异都小于生均公用经费的地区差异，各地区间人员经费的相对差异较公用经费的差异要小。

Law of the People's Republic of China on Compulsory Education stipulates that the state should implement the nine-year compulsory education system, namely, education at primary and secondary stages is compulsory.

中华人民共和国义务教育法》规定，国家实行九年义务教育制度，即中国的小学和初中阶段教育为义务教育阶段。

In foreign countries,it has the characteristics of compulsory,balancing,free and operable,which give US much edification.We should improve the compulsoriness of legislation.ensuring the authority and effect of compulsory education law,establish the people—oriented concept,seek an integrated balance among various subjects,safeguard the devotion to compulsory education,realize the goal of total free of charge in compulsory education,and improve legislative technology,enhance the operability of compulsory education law and regulation.

国外义务教育立法表现出强制性、平衡性、免费性、可操作性等十分显著的特点，这给我国完善《义务教育法》以诸多启迪：增强立法的强制性，确保《义务教育法》的权威和效能；确立教育法制的人本理念，寻求各方主体间的综合平衡；切实保障义务教育的投入，实现义务教育的完全免费；提高立法技术，增强义务教育法规的可操作性。

Rural compulsory education faces the serious difficulty in our country; the outstanding problem that the fund input is insufficient influences rural educational development of our country. However, the transfer payment fund of rural compulsory education was abused, peculated and fund efficiency to balance regional financial resources, develop the compulsory education is low.

本研究是基于以下背景提出的：党的十六大提出要建设一个惠及十三亿人口的小康社会，最繁重、最艰巨的任务在农村，教育发展和改革的主要差距也在农村；我国80％以上的小学、64％以上的初中设置在农村，义务教育区域之间、城乡之间、省际及省内县际之间差距较大并有扩大的趋势，我国农村教育面临严重困难；经费投入不足是影响我国农村教育发展的突出问题，然而，现实的农村义务教育转移支付资金的滥用、挪用，使用效率低下，制度的安排对平衡各地财力、均衡发展义务教育的效果却并不大。

With the measuring standards, the author explores the allocation to compulsory educational resources in different rejoins, in rural areas and urban areas through qualitative analysis approach, the allocation to compulsory educational resources in different schools is analyzed through quantitative analysis approach.

第二部分运用衡量指标，定量研究了义务教育资源区域配置和义务教育资源城乡配置；定性研究了义务教育资源校际配置，并在此基础上，得出了我国义务教育资源配置不公平的结论。

Therefore, the compulsory education should be adjusted to education of free tuition, while the non-compulsory education should be imbursed by the cooperation between government and social capital; corporation administration structure should be established and perfected and genuine institution of credit transformation and credit bank should be established.

为此建议：法定的义务教育应当逐步实行免收学费的教育，而非义务教育可以采取政府资助和社会成本相结合的方式；建立健全学校法人治理结构，建立真正的学分转化和学分银行制度；在国家层面上应当有一个协调、规划、领导和指导机构，以进行中、长期的宏观规划与管理，与之相适应，有必要建立一个全社会统筹协调的流动人口教育培训制度；凡进行暂住登记、有合法职业和住所的进城民工，流入地人民政府应为其子女提供接受义务教育的机会，纳入其义务教育的统计之中。

Rural compulsory education funding mechanism, in 2006-2010 five years, the central and local governments at all levels to a total additional funds for rural compulsory education 218.2 billion yuan, the total cancellation of rural compulsory education student fees, students from poor families to provide free textbooks and subsidies for boarding students living, raising the level of public funding, the establishment of a long-term transformation of school maintenance mechanism, and to consolidate and improve the rural primary and secondary school teachers wage protection mechanism.

农村义务教育经费保障机制提出，在2006至2010年5年内，中央和地方各级政府将累计新增农村义务教育经费2182亿元，全部免除农村义务教育阶段学生学杂费，对贫困家庭学生提供免费教科书并补助寄宿生生活费，提高公用经费保障水平，建立校舍维修改造长效机制，巩固和完善农村中小学教师工资保障机制。

With Death guitarist Schuldiner adopting vocal duties, the band made a major impact on the scene.

随着死亡的吉他手Schuldiner接受主唱的职务，乐队在现实中树立了重要的影响。

But he could still end up breakfasting on Swiss-government issue muesli because all six are accused of nicking around 45 million pounds they should have paid to FIFA.

不过他最后仍有可能沦为瑞士政府&议事餐桌&上的一道早餐，因为这所有六个人都被指控把本应支付给国际足联的大约4500万英镑骗了个精光。