主问题

2In view of the shortcoming of current analytical calculation method in solving inclined hanger cable suspension bridge,improved segmental catenary curve was put forward and nonlinear formulation group to fix on configuration of main cable of inclined hanger cable suspension bridge was deducd.Further more,a more efficient and simple FEM calculation method was obtained through establishing parameter calculation model and dynamic forecast.

2针对现有的计算悬索桥成桥主缆线形的解析计算方法在计算斜吊杆悬索桥方面存在的缺陷，提出了改进的分段悬链线计算方法，并导出了确定斜吊杆悬索桥主缆成桥线形的非线性方程组；然后针对原有的非线性有限元法计算复杂、计算效率低下的问题，采用基于ANSYS的APDL语言通过建立参数化的计算模型，并利用动态预测的方法总结出了一种效率高、操作简单的有限元计算方法。

In order to study the primary resonance and primary parametric resonance of current-carrying conductor subjected to harmonic excitation and ampere force, the Mathieu-equation of the system is derived first.

研究受简谐激励的二长直电流间载流导线的主共振主参数共振问题，应用动力学方法建立载流导线受外部激励和安培力的Mathieau方程。

Optimization design is often used in the design of MRI superconducting main magnet, where all variables are treated as continuous ones. According to the fact that not all variables are continuous, here the design problem is seen as a global optimization problem with discrete variables.

软件简介：在进行MRI超导主磁体的设计时常采用优化设计的方法，将各设计参数看作连续变量处理，但实际上很多参数是离散变量，为了更符合工程实际，将超导MRI 主磁体的设计作为一个含有离散变量的全局优化问题。

The solution here presented is a broad rule of incompetency, rather than such alternatives as incompetency only as to material matters, leaving the matter to the discretion of the judge, or recognizing no incompetency.

为解决这一问题，这里没有采用下述选择性的办法，即：或者主审法官仅对于重要事项无作证资格，这—事项交由法官去决定，或者认可主审法官并非无作证资格，二者择一。

Then through solving that equation, a set of nonnegative linear independence weight vectors of principal components was obtained, by which a low-dimensional spectral space was spanned.

针对经典主成分分析法进行多光谱图像数据降维会使重构光谱反射比出现负值的问题，提出一种非负主成分分析法，并用该法构造低维光谱空间，实现高维多光谱数据与低维光谱空间的转换。

A synthetic model of multi-level production planning and control integration is brought forward, which integrated Master Production Schedule , Material Requirements Planning , Shop Floor Control , order acceptance control, order release control and process control into a whole. Besides, a new method of production management—— Theory of Constraints is introduced into the traditional MRP, and a method to integrate TOC with MRP is put forward. As a result, a system of production planning management for ceramics enterprise is developed. Then several problems of shop planning and control for ceramics enterprise including the modeling of production line, the optimized utilization of kiln, the complement and due-date of products are discussed. A mathematical programming model of equalization production for ceramics production line is set up. An optimized model is put forward, which uses genetic algorithm to solve the sequencing problem of ceramics before the kiln.

以生产计划与控制的集成为目标，提出将一个企业中的主生产计划、物料需求计划、车间作业计划与接受订单控制、投料控制与生产控制集成的多级生产计划与控制的总体模型，将一种新的生产管理方法——约束理论引入传统的MRP中，提出了实现TOC和MRP集成的具体方法；针对陶瓷企业的特点，为重庆兆瓷研制了一套陶瓷企业生产计划管理系统；并对陶瓷企业车间计划与控制中的一些具体问题进行了研究，建立了陶瓷生产线均衡生产的数学规划模型，就窑炉的优化利用、产品配套和交货期问题、陶瓷生产线的能力平衡等问题进行了研究。

Based on investigating the short and intermittent structural plane, surrounding rockmass of the huge underground powerhouse in Three Gorge has been divided into five statistical similar areas according to its characteristic of rockmass structure by applying structure plane network simulation. Distributed characteristic of structural plane has been studied and based on it mechanics macrocharacteristic has been studied:(1) It is the first time that based on the result of structural plane network simulation rockmass quality of every structure area has been studied with applying blurred information optimum seeking technique and be compared with and RQD method. The result indicated that it has better effect to evaluate rock quality with blurred information optimum seeking technique.(2) It is the first time that the interrelated relationship of the result of in-suit rockmass deformation test and fractal characteristic of structure on test point has been applied to determine rockmass deformation parameter. The question of evaluating deformation parameters of engineering rockmass has been solved.(3) Anisotropy strength parameters have been determined by applying shear zones simulating method. The result indicated that there are different strength parameters in every structural area, after comparing the result of Fast Lagranian Analysis in continua number simulation method with that of method of weighted mean according to continuity. The result indicated that when a suitable reduction coefficient is been considered rockmass strength parameters can be simply and fast determined with method of weighted mean according to continuity where there is not enough test result.(4) Damage characteristic has been studied based on analysis fractal characteristic of structural plane network by applying fractal-damage coupling method. It is the first time that the concept of damage degree has been set up to evaluate rockmass quality according to the biggest principal damage.

通过对短小、断续性结构面统计特征的研究，将地下厂房区划分为五个岩体结构统计均质区，应用结构面网络模拟技术研究了各个岩体结构均质区结构面的发育分布特征，并以此为基础对岩体宏观力学特性进行了深入研究：(1)首次通过在结构面网络模拟计算结果的基础上，应用模糊信息优化技术研究了厂房区各个岩体结构分区的岩体质量并与岩体基本质量指标研究法、岩体质量指标RQD值研究法作了对比，结果表明以结构面网络模拟结果为基础，应用模糊信息优化技术进行岩体质量评价能够取得很好的效果，解决了工程岩体质量的定量评价问题；(2)首次通过对已有的现场大型岩体变形试验结果的分析及相应试验点岩体结构分形特征的研究，建立了结构面分布的分形维数和岩体变形指标间的相关关系，并首次应用这种相关关系根据结构面网络模拟及分形维数计算结果确定了缺少试验结果的地下厂房各工程部位的岩体变形指标而且应用于围岩稳定性计算，解决了工程岩体宏观变形参数的评价问题；(3)应用在结构面模拟网络图上模拟岩体剪切破坏带的方法，得出了岩体在不同方向上的强度参数，结果表明岩体的强度特性与结构面的发育方向和程度有着明显的关系，各个岩体结构均质区具有不同的强度参数；同时还通过应用拉格朗日差分法对岩体强度指标的数值分析并与按连通率加权平均计算法对比表明，按连通率加权平均计算法在考虑合理的折减系数情况下，可以简单快速地对缺少现场大型试验结果的具体工程部位实现岩体强度指标的估计，通过以上研究解决了工程岩体抗剪强度参数的评价问题；(4)通过结构面网络分形维数的研究，应用分形损伤耦合分析方法，研究了厂房区岩体的损伤特征，并首次引入"损伤度"的概念，建立了应用最大主损伤评价岩体质量的指标体系。

Keywords: image analysis, principal curves, principal curve component, neural network

仿真实验结果表明，主曲线成分分析能很好地解决非线性主成分问题，应用前景广阔。

It's pointed out that soft sensor will play more important role in field bus network control system. According to this, a crude solution was addressed. At last, we point out that soft sensor technology must used to build an information warehouse for the whole enterprise, combined with data fusion, data warehouse, data rectification and other related technologies. The main contributions of this dissertation are as follows: The background, requirement, and application situation of soft sensors are expounded, the theories, methods and skills of soft sensing technology are analyzed, and the fruits and problems in current soft sensor technologies are summarized. Some new methods of soft sensor is proposed: A principal component analysis-based secondary variable selection method are proposed; A new conception which modeling data should have gross error detection is addressed, and then a cluster analysis-based modeling data gross error detection method is given.

本文的主要贡献有：对软测量技术根据实践的要求进行了一定的理论研究，针对具体问题提出了新的方法：讨论了辅助变量选择问题，研究了基于主元分析的辅助变量选择方法，该方法克服了传统方法只能利用数学模型产生的仿真数据进行最优辅助变量选择的缺点，可以根据历史数据进行辅助变量选择；提出了建模数据显著误差侦破的概念，指出传统的显著误差侦破研究的是已知过程数学模型的情况，而建模时数学模型是未知的，但是直接来自现场的数据并不能保证不含显著误差，并用基于聚类分析的方法解决了该问题，该方法利用聚类分析原理，直接面对过程数据，不需以过程模型为基础，在此基础上给出了软测量建模过程中样本数据的处理方法。

And yet the Lord was not doubtful of Peter's love, for each time He followed up His question with a fresh Apostle commission; but now that He put it for the third time, Peter would have the Lord send down the sounding-line quite into the lowest deep of this heart:'Lord, Thou knowest all things, Thou perceivest that I love Thee!

然而，耶和华也不怀疑彼得的爱情，每一次他跟进他的问题一个新的使徒委员会，但现在，他把它为第三次，彼得将有主传送下来，冠冕堂皇的线相当纳入最低的深部，这心：'主啊，你knowest所有的东西，你perceivest ，我爱你！

She gently rebuff ed him, but agreed that they could be friends

她婉言拒绝了，但同意作为朋友相处。

If in the penal farm, you were sure to be criticized.

要是在劳改农场，你等着挨绳子吧！