主要成分

It solves the problem that the unitary contour presentation can not correctly extract face contour in a face image which suffers from scale, rotation etc. The definition of the internal and external energy function is provided. At the same time, the global matching algorithm and local matching algorithm is given. The experiment shows that this presentation and the accompanying matching algorithm can be used to extract the face contour very well. So the image segmentation can be implemented by using it.②By analyzing the recognition principle of PCA method, we can conclude that the face images coming from different surrounding consist of different face image space. This is the essential reason that makes the generality of PCA method worse. Also, we give a measurement means to measure the distance from different face image space, so we can analyze face image space more conveniently.③We also construct various scale models and rotation pose models to detect the scale and rotating angle of face image to be recognized. The experiment results show that the detecting precision is very high. So it is good for face image feature extraction and face image representation.④Similarly, we construct local feature models of face image and utilize them to detect the local feature of face image. At the same time, we put forward a novel face image local feature detection algorithm, locating step by step. The experiment results show that this method can accurately detect the location of local face feature in a image.⑤A novel face image presentation model, dual attribute graph , is put forward. Firstly, it utilizes attribute graph to present the face image, then exact the local principal component coefficient and Gabor transform coefficient of thc pixels which corresponds to the nodes of the graph as the attribute of the nodes. This representation fully makes use of the statistical characteristic of the local face feature and utilizes Gabor transform to present the topographical structure of face image. So DAG has more general property.⑥Based on the DAG presentation, we give a DAG matching function and matching algorithm. During the design of the function and algorithm, the noise factor, e. g., lighting, scale and rotation pose are considered and tried to be eliminated. So the algorithm can give more general property.⑦A general face image recognition system is implemented. The experiment show the system can get better recognition performance under the noise surrounding of lighting, scale and rotation pose.

本文在上述研究的基础上，取得了如下主要研究成果：①构造了一个通用的人脸轮廓模型表示，解决了由于人脸图象尺度、旋转等因素而使得仅用单一轮廓表示无法正确提取人脸轮廓的问题，并给出了模型内、外能函数的定义，同时给出了模型的全局与局部匹配算法，实验表明，使用这种表示形式以及匹配算法，能够较好地提取人脸图象的轮廓，可实际用于人脸图象的分割；②深入分析了PCA方法的识别机制，得出不同成象条件下的人脸图象构成不同的人脸图象空间的结论，同时指出这也是造成PCA方法通用性较差的本质原因，并给出了不同人脸空间距离的一种度量方法，使用该度量方法能够直观地对人脸图象空间进行分析；③构造了各种尺度模板、旋转姿势模板以用于探测待识人脸图象的尺度、旋转角度，实验结果表明，探测精确度很高，从而有利于人脸图象特征提取，以及图象的有效表示；④构造了人脸图象的各局部特征模板，用于人脸图象局部特征的探测；同时提出了一种新的人脸图象局部特征探测法---逐步求精定位法，实验结果表明，使用这种方法能够精确地得到人脸图象各局部特征的位置；⑤提出了一种新的人脸图象表示法---双属性图表示法；利用属性图来表示人脸图象，并提取图节点对应图象位置的局部主成分特征系数以及Gabor变换系数作为图节点的属性，这种表示方法充分利用了人脸图象的局部特征的统计特性，并且使用Gabor变换来反映人脸图象的拓扑结构，从而使得双属性图表示法具有较强的通用性；⑥在双属性图表示的基础上，给出双属性图匹配函数及匹配算法，在函数及算法设计过程中，考虑并解决了光照、尺度、旋转姿势变化等因素对人脸图象识别的影响，使得匹配算法具有较强的通用性；⑦设计并实现了一个通用的人脸图象识别系统，实验结果表明，该系统在图象光照、尺度、旋转姿势情况下，得到了较好的识别效果。

The strong positive expression located in the gland alveolus and duct of serous gland, as well as myoepithelium of mucus glands. In some cases, blood vessel endothelium and fibrous connective tissue also show weakly positive expression of NF-κB.

NF-κB的表达主要见于浆液腺腺泡上皮和导管上皮，呈强阳性表达；黏液腺肌上皮样上皮呈强表达；间质成分中血管内皮呈弱阳性表达、纤维结缔组织呈弱阳性表达。

The meta-peridotite consists of dunite, harzburgite, lherzolite, feldspar-bearing lherzolite and garnet-bearing lherzolite and contains residual spinel with Cr#s [100*Cr/] of 30-57 and Mg#s [100*Mg/(Mg+Fe2+)] of 50-75, indicating an Al- and Mg-rich series.

变质橄榄岩主要为纯橄岩、方辉橄榄岩、二辉橄榄岩、含长二辉橄榄岩和含石榴石二辉橄榄岩，岩石中残余尖晶石的Cr'值=100×Cr/(Cr+Al为30～57，Mg'值=100×Mg/(Mg+Fe2+为50～75，指示一个富Al和Mg成分系列。

Reasons of caustic soda concentration abrupt decrease in late period of graphite anode electrolyzer and metallic anode electrolyzer operation were discussed.

对石墨电槽和金属槽运行晚期碱浓度突然降低的原因进行了探讨，认为导致碱浓度降低的主要原因是隔膜的性能和组织成分发生了质的变化，丧失了正常工作的效能。

The results show that, after treated with microwave radiation, the surface free energy of the powder is enhanced from 39.6mJm^(-2) to 41.8mJm^(-2), This is mainly caused by the rearrangement of electric charges on the grain crystal surface, and this phenomenon is coincident with the theory of electron transition caused by energy band splitting of the grain crystal surface.

测定结果显示微波辐射后硫酸钙粉末的表面自由能得到提高，从39.6mJm^(-2)增加到41.8mJm^(-2)，其主要原因是使硫酸钙表面能的极性成分得到了较大的提高。这一结果归于微波幅射引起晶粒表面的电荷重排，与晶粒表面能带分裂引起的电子跃迁理论是相吻合的。

The results show that the orders of binding energy of the four polymers with (110) crystal surface are as follows: AA-MA＞HPMA＞AA-HPA＞AA-MAE, while the analysis of various interactions and radial distribution functions of all systems indicates that binding energies are mainly provided by coulomb interaction including electrovalent bond and a spot of hydrogen bond.

结果表明，聚羧酸与(110)晶面结合能的大小排序为AA-MA＞HPMA＞AA-HPA＞AA-MAE；对体系各种相互作用以及径向分布函数的分析表明，结合能主要由库仑作用提供，并含少量氢键成分。

Based on the analysis of error characteristics and performance effect of the mostly used crystal oscillator, a method to simulate the frequency error of crystal oscillator is proposed. The major idea is to determine the Allan variance parameter of each main stochastic error component at the given sampling interval at first, then to deduct a set of corresponding frequency error series and superpose them together.

该文对在GPS接收机中使用最多的晶振的误差特性和性能影响进行了分析，在此基础上提出了一种模拟晶振频率误差的方法，即首先确定晶振在给定取样时间间隔上各主要随机误差成分的Allan方差参数，由此反演产生相应的各项晶振频率误差模拟序列并进行叠加。

To date,it has been documented after transfusion of unirradiated blood components to at least 87 patients:in patients with severe combined immunodeficiency,thymic hypoplasia,and Wiskott Aldrich syndrome premature newborns and those with erythroblastosis fetalis; patients with hematologic malignancies including Hodgkin\'s and non-Hodgkin\'s lymphomas,acute myelocytic and lymphoblastic leukemias,chronic lymphocytic leukemia,and aplastic patients with solid tumors including neuroblastomas, glioblastoma,rhabdomyosarcoma,cervical carcinoma,small cell lung cancer,and germ cell tumor;patients after cardiac surgery and cholecystectomp-60;and in an apparently healthy 22-year-old woman.

目前为止，输注未辐照血液成分后，至少引起了87例TA-GVHD的发生，主要见于以下病人：严重的免疫缺陷病人、胸腺发育不全、Wiskott Aldrich综合症、早产儿、胎儿红细胞增多症、何杰金与非何杰金氏淋巴瘤等恶性血液病人、急性粒细胞性和淋巴细胞性白血病、慢性淋巴细胞性白血病、成神经细胞瘤等实体瘤病人、横纹肌赘瘤、宫劲癌、小细胞肺癌、微细胞瘤、心脏和胆囊手术病人。

Results: The ultrasound extraction used ethyl ether superior to other methods of 5,identified 36 elements,containing the main esters,carbon-and second-category,at least acetylene category.

结果：乙醚超声萃取的前处理方法明显优于其他5种方法，鉴定出36种成分，主要为酯类，碳烯及烷类次之。

The results showed that the main antimicrobial component is eugenol.

抑菌结果表明丁香酚是丁香油中起主要抑菌作用的活性成分。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。