主要

The second part makes an innovative study of the soul of traditional Chinese graphics in the respect of "shape","essence", and "implication". The first element to be emphasized is "shape", which is mainly concerned with lineal designs and convolute designs in traditional graphics, the main two ethical factors employed in traditional Chinese design. The "shape" is a relatively complete and minute system. What is included in "essence" is to convey the effect of lucency and artistic conception in traditional plastic art, which embodies traditional Chinese philosophy and its aesthetic taste. The "implication" part makes a detailed analysis of the informative function of the particular ethical graphics from the perspective of disseminative theory. The third part is my application of the three elements in designing.

第二部分是本文的创新之处，分别从"形"、"神"、"意"三方面对传统图形的精髓进行探讨，"形"主要提取了传统造型元素中的线和具有中国民族风格的构成形式——回旋形进行着重分析，有较为详细而完整的结构体系；"神"主要结合中国的传统哲学和审美思想对中国传统造型所追求的空灵、意境进行论述，"意"主要从传播学的角度对传统图形所特有的民族信息传达功能进行分析研究。

According to the present situations of protected area in China and referring to the definition and category abroad, we suggested the forest natural protected area mainly include three types as follow: Nature Reserves (NR; types of forest eco-system), Forest Parks and Public Welfare Tree Farm. Researches of evaluation on ecotourism resources of forest natural protected area focused on two aspects basically: to appraise and account the ecotourism resources monetarily from the standpoint of pure economics; to assess the exploitability of ecotourism resources based on the theories of conservation biology and ecology, in which finding the reasonable equilibrating point between protection and: utilization was emphasized. On the studies of development pattern of forest ecotourism resources, it is necessary to deal with the relationship between protection and exploitation correctively, namely to put the protection as the first consideration and balance the "Tree r.1ajor Benefits" so that prompting the virtuous circle afforest ecotourism.

根据我国自然保护地的实际情况，参考国外自然保护地的定义与分类方式，可认为我国的森林自然保护地主要应主要包括森林生态系统类型自然保护区、森林公园及公益林场三种类型；森林自然保护地的生态旅游资源评价研究主要集中在两方面：一是单纯地从经济学角度对旅游资源游憩价值进行货币化评价与核算，二是从保护生物学和生态学角度对资源的可开发性进行评价，其侧重在于找到保护与开发的的科学平衡点；在森林自然保护地旅游资源的开发模式研究上，必须正确处理开发与保护的关系，把保护放在第一位，坚持"三大效益"兼顾的原则，才能实现森林生态旅游资源开发与保护的良性循环。

According to "The Economist" on the major cities in the world cost of living index of Statistics, Hong Kong's ranking from No.

据"经济学家"杂志上的主要城市在世界上生活费用指数的统计，香港的排名由去年的第5号，下降到今年第12号，这是自1997年后首次在香港下跌前五年，在这主要是由于美元贬值-上半年，港元汇率货币的主要贸易伙伴下降了6％。

This article mainly introduce the origin of AOP, the core idea of AOP which include some primary and basic concept and the two crosscutting method. Then some popular AOP tools are introduced and compared.

本文介绍了AOP的由来，AOP的核心思想，其中主要涉及了一些AOP的主要也是基础的概念以及AOP的两种主要横切方式，然后介绍了目前主流的一些AOP工具，并比较了这些工具的异同。

In this research, the ~ and F2 of the crosses between a natural mutant 慪34?with super-minute grain and 慪38?with super-large grain,慡huhui 881擲huhui 527?with middle grain size were carried out to study the inheritance of the grain shape (grain length, grain width, grain thickness and grain length/width ratio) and 1000-grain weight. The main results are summarized as below:? The F1 grain length, grain width, grain thickness and 1000-grain weight of three crosses were lay between the two parents and tended to Y34, which indicated that those grain traits were all governed by the dominant effect of Y34 and influenced by both female and male parents. The differences of F1 grain length, grain width, grain thickness and 1000-grain weight of positive and negative crosses between Y38 and Y34 indicated the existence of cytogene effects.? The broad heritabilities of major grain traits were calculated.

本研究利用一份水稻极小粒自然突变材料Y34与一份水稻极大粒材料Y38、两份常规籽粒大小材料蜀恢881、蜀恢527的杂交F_1及F_2，对主要粒形性状（粒长、粒宽、粒厚、长宽比）及千粒重进行了遗传研究，根据遗传研究的结果利用微卫星标记结合F_2群分法对控制Y34短粒性状基因进行了分子标记定位，主要结果如下：●各组合F_1粒长、粒宽、粒厚和千粒重介于双亲之间且明显偏向于小值亲本 Y34，这表明粒长、粒宽、粒厚和千粒重均主要受小值亲本显性基因的控制并同时也受大值亲本核基因的影响。Y34与Y38正反交F_1在粒长、粒宽、粒厚、千粒重等性状上存在差异，表明存在细胞质效应。

The quality of interior environment in nursing home residents will become one of the attention-getting subjects due to the gradual increase of aging populations This paper directs at the research of nursing home's interior environment factors in Tainan We use the standard of international practice to analyze the intrinsical data of environmental monitoring and establish the characteristics which from environmental physical reaction of nursing home The research items are air environments (PM10 CO CO2 formaldehyde TVOC) temperate environments and light environment (illumination average brightness daylight factor) etc There are the inductive conclusions of this research: 1 In basic medicine the clinical diagnosis means the theory and technique about physical examination with patients The definition of clinical diagnosis in architecture should be the diagnosis of building preserve and improve the feasible way to extend building's service life and assure the residents of the healthy quality of interior environment The object of clinical diagnosis in architecture is not only to ensure the use of structure and environment quality but also keep the structure and environment quality in sustainable; therefore creating an efficient system of preserving plan is needed 2 It is an accurate and technical circumstance which about improving remedying and reconstructing the problems of structure space This circumstance includes finding questions ensuring causation ascertaining ultimate strength evaluating environment quality estimating the necessary of restoration and implementing on a suitable way Furthermore when reconstructing and ameliorating the appearance of structure space it should be respected and the memories of it should be preserved 3 In clinical diagnosis of environment quality of space the question of physical environment and the deficiencies of structure must be separated The structure space of construction and the high quality of space should be inspected strictly then observed the crucial reason that can find out any invisible and hidden causes The diagnosis of construction is to observe the reason of destroyed structure The environmental diagnosis of indoor and outdoor is to find out the crucial reason that influences health 4 In order to decrease the iterant problems the construction and environment of space should be diagnosed However the destruction by natural strength and artificial using by human are important causes that can affect the service life of construction Searching the cause of disease just like curing the patient which includes inspection diagnosis cure and prevention We tested the thermal conductivity of siding material in this research and then found out the roof east vertical face and west vertical face have most radiant heat especially the construction of RC The characteristics of opaquely outer casing have relations with the thermal conductivity of wall to wiz the ability of heat insulation Therefore increasing the efficiency of heat insulation and decreasing the endoergic factor of insolation are very important to temperate environments

而随著国内老年人人口逐渐增加，逐渐迈向高龄化之同时，对於高龄者使用空间之室内环境品质相关议题之探讨，亦成为未来我们需加以关注之议题之一。主要为针对台南某安养中心室内环境因子进行检测调查工作，利用现场室内环境测定以取得有效的实测数据；再藉由汇整相关国际评估基准，并进行实测数据比对分析，建立老人安养中心对物理环境反应之特性。并以前期相关研究文献回顾与老人安养中心实测案例现场的实验，来了解不同空间物理环境特性之影响，并将结果回馈实际建筑及室内设计之用。调查工作项目包含：空气环境之PM10、CO、CO2、甲醛、TVOC；温热环境之室内温度、相对湿度、人体PMV、PPD；光环境之照度、均齐度、昼光率等因子调查。本研究结果可归纳以下几点结论： 1 所谓临床诊断医学乃相对於基础医学而言，是指实际与病人接触的医疗及护理行为中牵涉到的理论和技术；而建筑的临床诊断的定义应为建筑本体与室内外诊断、维护及改善所有可行的方式来延长建筑物的寿命，并确保人与室内环境空间品质的健康。建筑临床诊断目的为确保结构体与环境品质能继续使用，而能维持所需要的效能及承受能力。一个有效的维护计画体系是必须建立的 2 在建筑空间之问题改善、治疗与修复执行中，是一个精确与技术性的事项，其中包含找出问题、确定原因、评估结构应力强度、评估环境品质、评估修复与改善必要性、选择及执行一个适当的过程。其改善与修复也必须尊重建筑空间原有色彩与形貌，并保留原有记忆及文化。 3 在临床诊断中空间环境品质中，物理性环境问题与结构构件缺陷必须分别判断，诊断建筑空间之结构与空间舒适品质必须详细观察其症结性问题，才能发现任何隐藏及有潜伏性缺陷的原因。建筑本体诊断是观察出建筑本体之破坏原因，而是内外空间环境诊断目的在於的找出影响健康因素之症结性问题。 4 建筑本体与空间环境之预防评估目的为降低与抑制问题的再发生。然而，自然力的破坏与人为使用因素皆是影响建筑生命期之主要因素，找出病源问题就如同医生对病人的处理，包含了侦查、诊断、治疗以及预防。 5 本研究以外墙材料热传导率测试结果发现，屋面与东西向立面是承受辐射热最多的地方，尤以 RC 的建筑更甚，不透明部分的外壳能特性主要与壁体的热传透率即隔热能力有关，但是承受来自日射的吸热影响，因此增加隔热性能与降低日射吸热因子是对温热环境是非常重要的。

For the composites with a low content of TiC particle, the rupture manner was mainly the nucleation of cavity and following ductility splitting fracture. But for the composites with a high content of TiC particle, the cracking and decohesion of TiC particles were the main rupture mechanism. For the composite containing a middle TiC content, the rupture mechanism consisted of the above two styles, but the former was the dominating mechanism and the later was the subordinate mechanism.

对TiC体积分数较低的钢基复合材料，拉伸过程中TiC颗粒界面上的孔洞形核及随后塑性撕开机制是其断裂失效的主要机制；对TiC体积分数较高的钢基复合材料，拉伸过程中TiC颗粒的开裂及脱落是其断裂失效的主要机制：对TiC体积分数介于上述两者之间的钢基复合材料，拉伸过程中TiC颗粒界面上的孔洞形核及随后塑性撕开机制在其断裂失效过程中占主要地位，而TiC颗粒的开裂及脱落占次要地位。

Mainly aim at contrast and research of the prime problem of the spinning frame in the world which is spinning loop and decollation of yarn caused by it. From the research a conclusion can be drawn that the change of loop configuration is the main factor to influence of decollation and quality of yarn.

主要是针对世界上细纱机成纱所存在的主要问题——气圈问题以及由此引发的细纱断头问题进行了对比研究，从而得出气圈形态的变化是影响气圈断头和纱线品质质量的主要因素。

Chapter 2 concerns three primary viewpoints on adopting the Penal Plea Bargaining now, those are the affirmative standpoint, the negativism, and the deferrable viewpoint. This part analyses the advantages and disadvantages of that system from positive and negative, as well, this part discusses the possible problems we would face if adopting the system now. The problems include five aspects, such as the two parties can bargain whether or not;the relation between the Penal Plea Bargaining and justness together with efficiency; the Penal Plea Bargaining and the protection of the victims, the Penal Plea Bargaining and judicature corruption, the Penal Plea Bargaining and the status of our prosecuting attorneys in proceeding.

第二章主要介绍对于引入刑事辩诉交易制度，我国目前主要的三种观点——肯定说，否定说和缓行说，这部分从正反两方面分析了该制度的优劣，并分析了引入该制度可能要面对的问题，主要有辩诉双方可否交易；辩诉交易与公正和效率的关系；辩诉交易与被害人权利的保护；辩诉交易与司法腐败；辩诉交易与我国检察官在诉讼中的地位这样五个方面的问题。

The main effect factors of the middle-transport efficiency are the level of transport supply and the structure of transport supply, the degree of transport modes technology progress, the degree of competition and cooperation among the transport modes or within the special transport mode, the degree of symmetry of the obligation of every transport mode and the regulation degree of the government. The main effect factors of the micro-transport efficiency are the market environment, the impetus mechanism, the response capacity and the level of transport organizing and technology progress.

本文提出宏观运输效率的主要影响因素是运输相关技术的发展水平和运输政策选择；中观运输效率的主要影响因素是运力供给水平与结构、运输方式的技术进步程度、运输方式之间及其内部的竞争与合作程度、各运输方式与社会受托责任的对称性程度、政府对各运输方式的管制程度；微观运输效率的主要影响因素是市场环境、运输企业的内部动力机制、运输企业的应变能力及运输企业的生产组织和技术进步水平。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。