主梁

This bridge design for 2×80m the continual steel truss girder bridge, the span is 160m, the main spar center distance is 5.75m, clothes rack high 11m, panel length 8m, the main spar geometry graphical representation uses the triangle web member system, the floor system by the carline, the crosnbeam is composed, the member connection uses the high-strength bolt connection, the design load for the dead load and - the live load.

该桥设计为2×80m连续钢桁梁桥，全长为160m，主桁中心距为5.75m，桁高11m，节间长8m，主桁的几何图示采用三角形腹杆体系，桥面系由纵梁，横梁组成，杆件连接采用高强螺栓连接，设计荷载为恒载和中—活载。

According to theory analysis and example computation, the following conclusions are obtained.1. During the analysis on the cable shape in the suspension bridge"s completion state, the pre-displacement of saddle and the case that the cable and stiff girder commonly bear the second-stage dead load should be considered.2. When supposing the construction ideal initial state in the first time, if the initial state model is established according the cable"s span central sag in the bridge"s completion state, and the reasonable correction formulation is created in the iteration process, the result can converges fast.3. The cable shape in the bridge"s completion state is not parabolic, nor catenary. It is between parabola and catenary. Actually it is funicular polygon closer to the catenary.

通过理论分析和实例的计算表明：1在悬索桥主缆成桥线形分析过程中，须考虑主塔鞍座的偏位以及二期恒载由主缆和加劲梁共同承担的实际情况；2在第一次假设施工理想初态时，以成桥状态已知的主缆跨中垂度建立施工理想初态模型，同时在迭代计算的过程中，建立合理的修正公式，才能使收敛的速度快：3在成桥状态时主缆的线形既不是抛物线，也不是悬链线，而是介于抛物线与悬链线之间，更接近于悬链线的索多边形。

Third, by the analogy of multi-point supported continuous beam, the equation for live load deflection was deduced.

不必在吊杆处断开；推导了基于虚拟梁法的新形式相容方程，以建立主缆任意2个连续状态之间的联系；利用多点支承连续梁的求解方法，给出了加劲梁的活载挠度方程。

Taking Wuliangsuhai Lake,which is a typical shallow weedy lake lies in Hetao irrigate district in the north of China,as a research object,combining the measured water quality data with the spatial data,using the method of Principal Components Analysis based on factor analysis,the water quality parameters of WL are summarized into seven principal components,namely the index ...

以位于我国北方的河套灌区中的草型浅水湖泊乌梁素海为研究对象，将实测的湖泊水质监测数据与空间数据结合，采用基于因子分析的主成分方法将乌梁素海的水质参数概括为7个主成分，即：富营养化特征指标、湖泊盐化特征指标、湖泊有机物污染指标、湖泊形态特征指标、水体酸碱指标、水体藻类生物量指标、植物生长环境指标。

Faced with the starting post, i was almost unable to move, the landlord for that split from the big paper, he made me could not help but turn to the starting time of the post, each one to see, and appreciates feeling irritable long on a few am, i always wonder whether or not god flexible灵秀in its exterior, as well as enable the people do not know in march meat gives wear residual sound beams, three days we do not feel.

面对楼主的帖子，我震惊得几乎不能动弹了，楼主那种裂纸欲出的大手笔，竟使我忍不住一次次的翻开楼主的帖子，每看一次，赞赏之情就激长数分，我总在想，是否有神灵活在它灵秀的外表下，以至能使人三月不知肉味，使人有余音穿梁，三日不绝的感受。

A Material nonlinear finite element analysis for the cast-in-place reinforced concrete hollow slab that occurs from initial loading, cracking, yielding to failing is carried on. The cracking load, ultimate load, the displacement rules and the principal stress distribution rules of the hollow slab under the vertical loads are obtained. A Material nonlinear finite element analysis for the single span hollow flat-plate floor is also carried on. The function of the concealed wide-flat beams is definite by analyzing the principal stress distribution diagram. The calculating results verify the theoretical analysis and give some important conclusions which are great useful to improve the constructing of the new flat-plate floor.

其次对空心板进行了从加荷、开裂、屈服直至破坏的全过程材料非线性有限元计算，得到了空心板在竖向荷载作用下的开裂荷载、极限荷载及位移和应力分布规律；还对单跨无梁楼盖进行了材料非线性有限元计算，通过分析主应力场明确了柱上暗扁梁的作用；有限元计算的结果验证了以上的理论分析并得到了一些重要的结论，对改进现浇空心板无梁楼盖的构造措施有重要的参考价值。

The pylon of a cable-stayed bridge without backstays acts as a cantilever beam to resist loads from the girder transferred by stay cables, therefore, the pylon shaft is made incline to form a kind of equilibrium system of girder-pylon structure.

无背索斜拉桥结构主塔作为悬臂梁来抵挡斜拉索传递的梁面荷载，因此将塔身倾斜组成了梁塔结构的平衡体系。

Constraint of the middle truss on the crossbeams approximates to absolute rigidity and the distance between the stringer and the middle low chord are small in the four-line through truss bridge with three main trusses, which produces much larger horizontal bending stresses of the crossbeams as compared with two-truss bridges.

在四线铁路三主桁下承式钢桁梁桥中，中桁对横梁的约束近于绝对刚性，纵梁离中桁下弦杆的距离较小，使横梁的面外弯曲应力较二主桁桥梁大得多。

The paper describes how the local force of the main web is considered as the force caused by the Contact pressure among the trolley wheel, rail and top flange, and how the contact analysis model for the local force is built by means of both Hertz theory and finite element software ANSYS combined. Also, it analyzes the variation of the local stress under the different conditions and comes to a conclusion, and compares the results derived from the experimental formula with the result from ANSYS.

本论文的主要内容：将Hertz接触理论和有限元软件ANSYS结合起来，把主腹板的局部受力问题视为小车轮与轨道及轨道与上翼缘板之间发生接触行为作用下的受力问题，建立了小车轮压作用处偏轨箱形梁主腹板局部受力的接触分析模型，研究不同情况（小车轮压、箱形梁几何参数和轨道截面惯性矩）下局部应力的变化规律，得出相关结论；最后将经验公式解与ANSYS数值解进行对比分析论证。

Owning to the interaction of the slab on the side of the transfer beam, the secondary internal force of frame-supported beam is more less than the predominant one.

由于转换梁两侧的楼板对转换梁的约束作用，框支梁次方向的内力远小于主方向的内力。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。