主教的

In 1690,Beijing became a diocese with bishop Bernardin della Chiesa, Franciscan, who designated South Church to be his cathedral church. Due to circumstances of the times, he never got to rdside there himself, but in subsequent years, it did become the official residence of the bishops who succeeded him.

1690年北京被划为主教区，康和之为北京第一任主教，指定南堂为主教座堂，康主教是方济各会士，因当时情况未能亲驻南堂，但后来继任的主教及代理主教等也多在南堂驻守。

In the dining-room, a long and superb gallery which was situated on the ground-floor and opened on the gardens, M. Henri Puget had entertained in state, on July 29, 1714, My Lords Charles Brulart de Genlis, archbishop; Prince d'Embrun; Antoine de Mesgrigny, the capuchin, Bishop of Grasse; Philippe de Vendome, Grand Prior of France, Abbe of Saint Honore de Lerins; Francois de Berton de Crillon, bishop, Baron de Vence; Cesar de Sabran de Forcalquier, bishop, Seignor of Glandeve; and Jean Soanen, Priest of the Oratory, preacher in ordinary to the king, bishop, Seignor of Senez.

楼下朝花园的一面，有间富丽堂皇的游廊式的长厅，一七一四年七月二十九日，主教亨利·彼惹曾在那餐厅里公宴过这些要人：昂布伦亲王——大主教查理·勃吕拉·德·让利斯；嘉布遣会修士——格拉斯主教安东尼·德·梅吉尼；法兰西祈祷大师——雷兰群岛圣奥诺雷修院院长菲力浦·德·旺多姆；梵斯男爵——主教佛朗沙·德·白东·德·格利翁；格朗代夫贵人——主教凯撒·德·沙白朗·德·福高尔吉尔；经堂神甫——御前普通宣道士——塞内士贵人——主教让·沙阿兰。

At present the order has a cardinal, Sebastiano Martinelli (formerly Apostolic delegate for the United States), several bishops--Guglielmo Pifferi; Stephen Reville, Bishop of Sandhurst in Australia; Arsenio Campo y Monasterio, Bishop of Nueva Cáceres in the Philippine Islands; Giovanni Camilleri, Bishop of Gozzo; José López de Mendoza y Garcia, Bishop of Pampeluna, Spain; Giuseppe Capecci, Bishop of Alessandria in Italy; Francisco Xavier Valdés y Noriega, Bishop of Salamanca; William A. Jones, Bishop of Porto Rico; the Vicars Luis Perez of Northern Hu-nan and Dominic Murray, Cooktown, Australia; the Prefect Apostolic (Paulino Díaz Alonso) of San León de Amazonas--and, finally, two mitred abbots.

目前，为了有一个基数，塞巴斯马蒂内利，一些主教-古列尔莫P ifferi ；斯蒂芬雷维尔，桑赫斯特主教在澳大利亚；阿塞尼奥坎普y修道院，主教在新卡塞雷斯菲律宾群岛；乔瓦尼卡米莱主教Gozzo ；何塞洛佩斯德门多萨y加西亚，主教Pampeluna ，西班牙；朱塞佩Capecci ，主教在意大利亚历山德里亚；弗朗西斯泽维尔巴尔德斯y诺列加，萨拉曼卡主教；威廉A琼斯，主教波尔图队的路易斯佩雷斯Vicars北胡楠和多米尼克墨累，库克敦，澳大利亚；使徒的省长的圣莱昂的亚马孙-最后，两个m itreda bbots。

This most holy general synod of Constance, legitimately assembled in the holy Spirit, having invoked Christ's name and holding God alone before its eyes, having seen the articles drawn up and presented in this case against the lord pope John XXIII, the proofs brought forward, his spontaneous submission and the whole process of the case, and having deliberated maturely on them, pronounces, decrees and declares by this definitive sentence which it commits to writing: that the departure of the aforesaid lord pope John XXIII from this city of Constance and from this sacred general council, secretly and at a suspicious hour of the night, in disguised and indecent dress, was and is unlawful, notoriously scandalous to God's church and to this council, disturbing and damaging for the church's peace and unity, supportive of this long-standing schism, and at variance with the vow, promise and oath made by the said lord pope John to God, to the church and to this sacred council; that the said lord pope John has been and is a notorious simoniac, a notorious destroyer of the goods and rights not only of the Roman church but also of other churches and of many pious places, and an evil administrator and dispenser of the church's spiritualities and temporalities; that he has notoriously scandalised God's church and the christian people by his detestable and dishonest life and morals, both before his promotion to the papacy and afterwards until the present time, that by the above he has scandalised and is scandalising in a notorious fashion God's church and the christian people; that after due and charitable warnings, frequently reiterated to him, he obstinately persevered in the aforesaid evils and thereby rendered himself notoriously incorrigible; and that on account of the above and other crimes drawn from and contained in the said process against him, he should be deprived of and deposed from, as an unworthy, useless and damnable person, the papacy and all its spiritual and temporal administration.

这个最神圣的总主教的人Constance ，合法地聚集在圣灵的，有引用基督的名字和控股只有上帝面前，其眼睛，看过的文章，制定并提出了在这种情况下，对主教宗若望二十三世，论证，提出了，他的自发意见书，并在整个过程中的案件，并经商议成熟对他们的判决，法令，并宣布这个确切的一句话，它致力于写作：即离境的上述主教宗若望二十三世，从这个城市的人Constance从这片神圣的总理事会，偷偷和一名形迹可疑小时的通宵，变相及不雅着装，过去和现在都是非法的，众所周知的丑闻，以上帝的教会和本局，扰乱和损害了教会的和平与团结，支持这个长-常委会裂，并在差异与发誓，承诺与宣誓，由勋爵说，教皇约翰向上帝，向教堂，并把这一神圣的议会；表示勋爵说，教皇约翰一直是一个恶名昭彰的simoniac ，劣迹斑斑的驱逐舰该货物的权利，不仅对罗马教会，而且对其他教会和许多虔诚的地方，以及一个邪恶的管理员及配药的教会的spiritualities和temporalities ；他出名scandalised上帝的地下教会和基督徒的人，由他的可恨和不诚实的生命和道德的，无论是以前，他晋升为教皇，后来就目前为止的时候，即是由上述他scandalised是scandalising在一个恶名昭彰的时装上帝的地下教会和基督教人民，即在经过适当和慈善警告，经常重申，以他，但他硬是坚持了上述弊病，从而变成自己出名不可救药的，并认为是考虑到上述及其他罪行得出，并包含在说的过程中对他的，他就应该被剥夺和被废黜的，从作为一个不配；无用damnable的人，教宗和所有它的精神和时间管理。

Following the express invitation of several bishops, Chrysostom, in the first months of 401, had come to Ephesus, where he appointed a new archbishop, and with the consent of the assembled bishops deposed six bishops for simony.

继明示邀请的几位主教，金口，在首个月的401 ，已经到了以弗所，在那里他任命了一名新主教，并征得组装主教废黜六名主教为

Know that, having regard to God and for the salvation of our soul, and those of all our ancestors and heirs, and unto the honor of God and the advancement of his holy Church and for the rectifying of our realm, we have granted as underwritten by advice of our venerable fathers, Stephen, archbishop of Canterbury, primate of all England and cardinal of the holy Roman Church, Henry, archbishop of Dublin, William of London, Peter of Winchester, Jocelyn of Bath and Glastonbury, Hugh of Lincoln, Walter of Worcester, William of Coventry, Benedict of Rochester, bishops; of Master Pandulf, subdeacon and member of the household of our lord the Pope, of brother Aymeric (master of the Knights of the Temple in England), and of the illustrious men William Marshal, earl of Pembroke, William, earl of Salisbury, William, earl of Warenne, William, earl of Arundel, Alan of Galloway, Waren Fitz Gerold, Peter Fitz Herbert, Hubert De Burgh, Hugh de Neville, Matthew Fitz Herbert, Thomas Basset, Alan Basset, Philip d'Aubigny, Robert of Roppesley, John Marshal, John Fitz Hugh, and others, our liegemen.

鉴于遵奉神意，为我辈及所有先祖后人之灵魂得救，为了神的荣耀和神的圣教会之精进，并为王国振兴计，在诸位尊敬的神父：坎特伯雷大主教兼全英格兰教长及圣罗马教廷红衣主教斯蒂芬、都伯林大主教亨利、伦敦主教威廉、温切斯特主教彼得、巴斯和格拉斯顿伯里主教乔切林、林肯主教休、沃切斯特主教沃尔特、考文垂主教威廉、罗切斯特主教本笃，副助祭兼我主教皇内府成员潘道夫，亚美迪克弟兄，以及各位杰出的贵族：彭布鲁克伯爵威廉·马歇尔、索尔兹伯里伯爵威廉、沃伦伯爵威廉、阿朗德尔伯爵威廉、加洛维的阿兰、沃伦·菲兹·杰罗德、彼得·菲茨·赫伯特、休伯特·德·伯、休·德·内维尔、马修·菲茨·赫伯特、托马斯·巴塞特、阿兰·巴塞特、菲利·德阿比尼、罗普斯雷的罗伯特、约翰·马歇尔、约翰·菲兹·休以及其他臣民们的谏议下，兹同意并签署条款如下

He had returned to prison, this time for having done right; he had quaffed fresh bitterness; disgust and lassitude were overpowering him; even the memory of the Bishop probably suffered a temporary eclipse, though sure to reappear later on luminous and triumphant; but, after all, that sacred memory was growing dim.

这只是一点个人的看法，但是为了说明我们的全部思想，我们必须说，冉阿让在开始爱珂赛特的情况下，并没有什么可以证明他不需要这股新的力量来支持他继续站在为善的一面，不久以前，他又在不同的情况下看到人的残酷和社会的卑鄙（这固然是局部的情形，只能表现真相的一面），也看到以芳汀为代表的这类妇女的下场以及沙威所体现的法权，他那次因做了好事而又回到苦役牢里，他又饱尝了新的苦味，他又受到厌恶和颓丧心情的控制，甚至那主教的形象也难免有暗淡的时候，虽然过后仍是光明灿烂欢欣鼓舞的，可是后来他那形象终于越来越模糊了。

But to those whose life is spent, to use Newton's noble words, in picking up here a pebble and there a pebble on the shores of the great ocean of truth ——who watch, day by day, the slow but sure advance of that mighty tide, bearing on its bosom the thousand treasures wherewith man ennobles and beautifies his life——it would be laughable, if it were not so sad, to see the little Canutes of the hour enthroned in solemn state, bidding that great wave to stay, and threatening to check its beneficent progress. The wave rises and they fly; but, unlike the brave old Dane, they learn no lesson of humility; the throne is pitched at what seems a safe distance, and the folly is repeated.· Surely it is the duty of the public to discourage anything of this kind, to discredit these foolish meddlers who think they do the Almighty a service by preventing a thorough study of His works.

但是向那些谁的生活存在花费向使用Newton's贵族 words在朝派凿向上的移动这里a卵石和那里a卵石右手击球员的左后方场地海岸的大人物海洋的事实——who注意日复一日地减慢但是有把握前进的那个非常顺潮水漂浮承受得了右手击球员的左后方场地它的前胸千宝藏用其男人使尊贵和变得美他的life——it是希望是可笑条件，它是如此不是凄惨向，主教的职位很少，Canutes，的使小时登基，在朝派神圣状态，命令，那个，大人物，波，向，逗留和就要到来，向，检查，它的行善的进展波上升和他们乘飞机；但是不像勇敢老丹麦人，他们了解没有课的谦逊；王位被在什么一安全距离和愚蠢存在被重复看来好像投·肯定使一点儿这种类泄气败坏这些愚蠢管闲事者，其认为他们做阻碍一完全的研究他的工厂全能的一服务在附近的的声誉是公众的责任。

Some letters of summons exist, dated 3 January 1245 and the days following, in which the purpose of the council is stated thus:"That the church, through the salutary counsel of the faithful and their fruitful help, may have the dignity of its proper position; that assistance may speedily be brought to the unhappy crisis in the holy Land and the sufferings of the eastern empire; that a remedy may be found against the Tartars and other enemies of the faith and persecutors of the christian people; further, for the issue between the church and the emperor ; for these reasons we think that the kings of the earth, the prelates of the church and other princes of the world should be summoned".

有些信件的传票存在的，过时的1245年1月3日及之后的几天里，其中的目的，安理会是说明，因此说：&教会，通过有益律师的忠实和富有成效的帮助下，可以有尊严的，其正确的立场，即协助，可迅速带来不愉快的危机在圣地和痛苦的东部帝国；补救，可发现对鞑靼人及其他敌人的信念和迫害者的基督教人民；此外，为之间的问题，教会和皇帝，基于这些原因，我们认为，有关国王的地球，主教的教会和其他王子的世界应该是召见&。

At present (1909) the order of Friars Minor includes among its members:(1) two cardinals: José Sebastiao Neto, Patriarch of Lisbon; created in 1883 (resigned in 1907); Gregorio Aguirre y García, Archbishop of Burgos, created in 1907;(2) six archbishops, including Burgos, created in 1907;(2) six archbishops, including Monsignor Diomede Falconio, apostolic Delegate to the United States since 1907;(3) thirty-two bishops and one prelate nullius;(4) three prefects Apostolic.

目前（ 1909年）的顺序天主教方济会成员中包括：（ 1 ）两个枢机主教：何塞巴斯蒂安内托，主教里斯本；成立於1883年（於1907年辞职）；格雷戈里奥阿吉雷y加西亚，大主教布尔戈斯，创建於1907年（ 2 ） 6大主教，包括布尔戈斯，创建於1907年；（ 2 ） 6大主教，包括迪奥梅德Falconio主教，宗座代表美国自1907年（ 3 ） 32主教和主教一无主；（ 4 ）三个省长使徒。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。