主应力

The disturbing rields caused by the speedup and quietude of upper crustal movement in Tibetan Plateau indicate that, when the upper crust movement is speedup in Tibetan Plateau and keeps the boundary condition unchanged, the energy stored in upper crust is released, the driving force by Indian plate increases the horizontal compression stress and movement in other layers in Tibetan Plateau, and increase the horizontal compression stress in the whole geosphere in North China area Comparing the disturbing distribution of horizontal compression stress in the upper mantle layer, the value in North China area is only about one twelfths of that in south part of Tibetan Plateau.

3青藏高原地区地壳非均匀活动在中国大陆岩石层引起扰动场的研究结果表明，在保持板块边界作用强度不变的情况下，青藏高原地区岩石层上部地壳运动的增强，增加了其岩石层下部的向前推挤，同时也增加了对其它块体的推挤作用，以上地幔盖层内最大水平主压应力的扰动值为例，华北地区比青藏高原南部地区小一个量级。

So its stability is analyzed with ANSYS, considering the promoting effect of stirrups on strength of core concrete.

高墩中通常配置较多的主筋及箍筋，核心混凝土受到箍筋约束，其强度及延性都有所增长，因此对这部分混凝土不能按照规范给出的普通混凝土的应力—应变关系进行分析，必须为它们选用合适的本构关系，才能使分析结果较接近实际值。

Some circuits use resonant, quasi-resonant, and/or multi-resonant techniques. However, voltage or current stresses in these converters are higher and require the devices of higher VA rating. Some circuits use passive snubbers or active clamp techniques. However these converters become more complicate. Phase-shift ZVS technique has been used in bidirectional DC/DC converters since it can realize ZVS for all switches without auxiliary switches.

谐振、准谐振或多谐振技术方案，变换器的电压电流应力较高，变频控制增加了滤波器设计的难度；能量缓冲吸收电路或有源钳位电路方案，由于需要增加多个额外辅助元件，增加了变换器的复杂性；全桥相移技术方案，由于主电路无需增加额外元件，只需利用相移控制，即可实现软开关，因此引起关注。

By simplifying the mechanical model,constitutive relation defined in principal direction based on elasticity theory with different moduli was rebuilt in common ordinates,and tension-compression area was divided.

通过合理简化模型，将不同模量弹性理论中定义在主坐标系下的本构关系重新建立在普通坐标系下，进行拉压分区，从而推导了考虑自重且顶部有水平推力的不同模量弯压柱近似弹性力学解答，并由横截面上正应力为零判定了中性层的形状和位置。

The temperature and stress in valve housing of medium cylinder in super critical steam turbine during cold start and under nominal load were calculated with FEM cord NASTRAN.

采用大型有限元分析软件NASTRAN，对超临界1000 MW汽轮机中压缸主汽阀阀壳的冷态启动过程和额定工况下的温度场和应力场进行计算，得到了冷启动过程中阀壳的温度和应力分布规律，并将冷启动结束时的计算结果同额定工况下的计算结果作一对比分析。

Based on the FEM,the calculation and analysis were performed for the transient temperature field s and stress fields of the intermediate pressure main steam valve housing under various operating conditions including cold startup,shutdown,strong hot startup,limit hot startup and accidental condition in 200MW unit in power station.

采用有限元方法，计算分析了电站200MW汽轮机中压主汽阀阀壳在冷启、停机、强热启动、极热启动以及事故等工况下的温度场和应力场，得出了阀壳裂纹区各工况下温度场和应力场的变化规律，提出了内壁裂纹区的周向应力是疲劳寿命计算的主要参考量。

Based on the FEM,the calculation and analysis were performed for the transient temperature fields and stress fields of the intermediate pressure main steam valve housing under various operating conditions including cold startup,shutdown,strong hot startup,limit hot startup and accidental condition in 200MW unit in power station.

采用有限元方法，计算分析了电站200MW汽轮机中压主汽阀阀壳在冷启、停机、强热启动、极热启动以及事故等工况下的温度场和应力场，得出了阀壳裂纹区各工况下温度场和应力场的变化规律，提出了内壁裂纹区的周向应力是疲劳寿命计算的主要参考量。

The results show that the error of considering the curve of strand as line is less than 2%, through the comparison with the result of FEA and experimental data, the error of principal tensile stress is less than 0.2 MPa, which prove that the precision of the method meets engineering calculation requirement, the method is feasible.

理论分析结果显示，将预应力束的平弯曲线用直线代替产生的误差不超过2%，该公式计算结果与有限元结果及实测数据比较表明，主拉应力的计算误差小于0.2 MPa，结果满足工程精度需要，该方法可行。

In order to know the effect of the turbulence, we performed calculations for the evolution of the Star with 8M (subscript ☉), and stadied the effect of turbulent stress on the evolution and structure of the star by comparing the ratio of the turbulent stress gradient to gravitation.

通过计算8M恒星从主序星到早期AGB星演化过程中湍流应力梯度与引力的比值来研究湍流作用对恒星演化与结构的影响。

The elaborated finite element model of Liede bridge was established by taking the changes of structural stiffness influenced by initial stress and shearing deformation into consideration.

采用8节点实体单元模拟主塔和桥墩，考虑塔、墩的剪切变形和初应力对结构刚度的影响，建立了猎德大桥精细化有限元模型。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。