主义

Chapter 1 inspects the evolution history—from defensive nationalism to Pan-Slavism, and then Great Russian Nationalism—of Russian Nationalism. It also analyses the roles that geopolitical factors, religious, Thought and culture, social foundation, and national character played in the formation of Great Russian Nationalism.Chapter 2 discusses the dominant concepts, basic features and basic attributes of Great Russian Nationalism.

其中认为，沙皇专制论、救世论、俄罗斯民族&优秀&论和遗产继承论等理念构成了大俄罗斯主义的基本内容；从外在的表现形式来看，大俄罗斯主义又具有四个特征，即领土扩张化、政治上的高压化、经济上的掠夺化和文化上的俄罗斯化；大俄罗斯主义兼具防御性和扩张性两种属性，但其防御性是有限的，而扩张性是无限的。

When a welfarist theory of value is combined with the other elements of classic utilitarianism, the resulting theory can be called welfarist consequentialism .

当价值福利主义理论与古典功利主义的其他要素相结合，所产生的理论可以被称为福利主义结果主义。

Moreover, since many feminist ideas can be traced to Saint-Simonianism, European historians' appreciation of later feminism in France and the United States remained limited.

因此，由于忽略了其女权主义思想可追溯至圣—西门主义，因此，欧洲史学家们对在法国和美国后起的女权主义运动的欣赏显得十分有限。

Moreover, since many feminist ideas can be traced to saint-simonianism European historians' appreciation of later feminism in France and the United States remained limited.

除此以外，由于许多女权主义思想可上溯到圣一西门主义；故而欧洲史学家对后起的法国美国女权主义的褒扬就显得十分偏狭了。

This is regrettable on two counts. By 1832 feminism was the central concern of Saint-Simonianism and entirely absorbed its adherents' energy; hence, by ignoring its feminism, European historians have misunderstood Saint-Simonianism.

這一遗憾体现在两个方面：到1832年，女权主义已经成为圣一西门学说的焦点，并完全吸引了其追随者的全部精力，因此，欧洲史学家忽略了其女权主义内容，便误解了圣一西门主义。

This is regrettable on two counts. By 1832 feminism was the central concern of Saint-Simonianism and entirely absorbed its adherents' energy; hence, by ignoring its feminism, European historians have misunderstood Saint-Simonianism.

这一遗憾体现在两个方面：到1832年，女权主义已经成为圣一西门学说的焦点，并完全吸引了其追随者的全部精力，因此，欧洲史学家忽略了其女权主义内容，便误解了圣一西门主义。

From the 20 years' crisis between the wars, however, the architects of the post-1945 world learned how utterly destructive it was for countries to turn their backs altogether on economic interdependence. Unrestrained economic nationalism and "beggar-my-neighbour" policies took root almost everywhere in the 1930s, spilling over into political revanchism, totalitarianism and militarism in some countries, isolationism in others.

但从两次大战之间的20年危机中，1945年后世界的设计师了解到各国如果完全无视经济的相互依存会造成多大的破坏。1930年代毫无节制的经济国家主义和&损人利己&政策几乎到处扎根，流弊所及在一些国家发展成政治复仇主义、极权主义和军国主义，在另一些国家发展成孤立主义。

The essay rereads Charlotte Bronte's Jane Eyre from the perspective of ecofeminism,explores the relationship between women and nature,and reveals the tragedy where women and nature are oppressed and exploited by men.

以生态女权主义批评理论重读女权主义经典作家和经典作品是文学研究的一个新动向。从生态女权主义的视角来看，夏洛蒂。勃朗特的代表作《简。

This article starts with a review of the history of the "Expression" conception in the Occident literature tradition,from which to conclude the base connotation of modern "Expression" conception in occident.Relying on this springboard,we analyses the history of the occidental modern plastic arts gradually ,then the naissance and development of the occidental modern plastic arts may boil down to a going-deep course driven by the "Expression" conception:the impressionism which had been pursuing sensual reality brought out a turning point from Representation to expression;Faurism accomplished the consciousness of Expression based on inheriting and criticizing Post-Impressionisme, and resisted the suppressant on Expression by Physical Image; the German Expressionism and Surrealism uplifted Expression at the same time they resisted Physical Image by "Nugatory Physical image"; From the apocalypse of Cubism,Suprematism and De Stijl tended towards Pure Plastic which excluded Physical Image completely,meaning that it had realized absolute Expression in the range of plastic;After WW II,artsists in western detected that Pure Plastic had actually suppressed Expression newly,as a result of Abstract-Expressionism and Mirnirnaliam Art,Expression broke away from Pure Plastic gradually to seek some new possibilities other than plastic.

本文从对西方文艺传统中的&表现&观念的历史考察着手，归纳出西方现代&表现&观念的核心内涵，以此为基点来逐步分析西方现代造型艺术史，进而将西方现代造型艺术的产生与发展归结为在&表现&观念驱动下不断递进的历史进程：印象主义对感觉真实的追求为造型艺术由再现走向表现打开了缺口；野兽派在继承和批判后印象主义的基础上首次实现了表现的自觉，并在艺术中反抗物象对表现的压迫；德国表现主义与超现实主义以不彻底的&否定性物象&来张扬表现反抗物象；至上主义、风格派等则在立体主义的启示下走向完全排斥物象的纯粹造型，在造型的范围内实现彻底的表现；二战后的西方艺术家们察觉到纯粹造型已经掉转头来形成新的对表现的压制；经由抽象表现主义、最低限艺术，表现逐步摆脱了纯粹造型，寻求造型之外的新的表现可能。

Its the correct attitude to use the Marxism stand , viewpoint and method to study and solve the practical problems in China.

用马克思主义立场、观点、方法来研究和解决中国的实际问题，这是对待马克思主义的正确态度，是我们必须坚持和弘扬的马克思主义学风。

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。