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Methods of measuring the input components, their prices and output elements are given. We put forward some new methods in measuring components, including composite depreciation rate, equality working hours, and proxy of input resources. Using the mature methods of efficiency measurement and decomposition available, we make a detailed investigation into 4 listing companies of oil industry with a span of 12 periods. Basic conclusions we draw include: labor inputs affects oil field output mostly in China; China oil fields operates in a low technical efficiency level average of 0.61; Increasing difficulties with expanding output has the greatest influence on cost; Cost efficiency of China oil fields averages at 1.47; Total factor productivity of China oil fields averages at 10%, accounting for 79% of the total output growth rate of 12.6%; Frontier technology progress contributes the most to TFP of China oil fields with 17 percentage points.

本文沿用了已有文献中关于效率计量与分解的成熟方法，对我国三家油田上市公司与一家上市石油公司12个时期的技术效率与成本效率进行了详细的计量、分解与分析，得到的基本结论有：劳动力投入是影响我国油田上市公司产出的最重要的影响因素；油田的平均技术效率仅为0.61；产出项是影响成本的显著因素，这说明随着产出增加而出现的开采难度增加是导致开采成本增加的重要因素；油田的平均成本效率为1.47；全要素生产率的增长平均在10％左右，占到了产出平均增长率12.6％的79％，表明我国油田的生产率的提高主要是依靠全要素生产率的提高而实现的，只有21％左右的产出增长是依靠要素投入而实现的；前沿技术进步是油田全要素生产率增长的主要源泉，在2001～2004年期间，前沿技术进步对油田生产率的贡献高达17个百分点。

Dismissing then those pretty feminine phrases, which the men condescendingly use to soften our slavish dependence, and despising that weak elegancy of mind, exquisite sensibility, and sweet docility of manners, supposed to be the sexual characteristics of the weaker vessel, I wish to show that elegance is inferior to virtue, that the first object of laudable ambition is to obtain a character as a human being, regardless of the distinction of sex; and that secondary views should be brought to this simple touchstone.

于是我拒绝男人们为屈尊安抚我们奴性的依赖而使用的那些温情脉脉的言辞，我不屑那种优雅却乏力的头脑、玲珑剔透的心窍，还有温和柔顺的仪态，这些都应是弱者的性征。我希望让人看清，优雅不如美德；而值得赞美的理想，其首要目标是实现人的特征，而不论其男女；其次的观点都应以此为试金石，加以鉴别。

The prior cycles with higher axial stress and larger strain range greatly restrains ratchetting strain of subsequent cycling with lower ones. Creep behavior plays an important role in the ratchetting strain and its influence on ratchetting behavior can not be neglected. Fracture morphology characteristics of two kinds of materials were investigated by scanning electron microscope. It shows that failure of material A is induced by cavitation and that of material B is induced by decohesion. For material A, with the decreasing strain amplitude the fracture surface shows more larger diameter globular particles under uniaxial loading and can be seen more obvious and deep crack under multiaxial loading. However for material B, with the decreasing strain amplitude fracture surface shows larger and larger scalelike shape and becomes more smooth under uniaxial loading, but fracture surface under multiaxial loading looks like more smooth than that of uniaxial loading, and shows gradually wave-like morphology.

通过扫描电子显微镜研究表明：材料A为空穴引起的失效，材料B为剥离导致疲劳破坏；随着载荷幅值的减小，材料A在单轴载荷下，断口表面浮出更多更大直径的球状颗粒，而多轴载荷下，可以看到很深的裂纹；随着载荷幅值的减小，材料B在单轴载荷下，断口表面鱼鳞片越来越大，表面越来越平整，而多轴载荷与单轴载荷相比，断口表面看上去更加平整，并且随着载荷幅值的减小，断口逐渐呈现波浪形貌；通过微观的傅立叶变换红外光谱分析，结果表明随着应变幅值的增加，无论载荷是单轴还是多轴状态下，橡胶材料吸光度比值随着幅值的增加而增加，这说明体系中的结晶含量也随之增加。

David said disconsolately :"23 years ago, I worked for 1.75 U.S. dollar per hour, but Murphy worked for this railway."

大卫非常惆怅地说："23年前我为1小时1.75美元的薪水而工作，而吉姆·墨菲却是为这条铁路而工作。"

Curtain plate stainless steel plate, spray nozzle for the spray nozzle to capture, exhaust fan with explosion-proof fan.3, chamber body assembly plate connection between the use of bolts, installation, removal, fast and convenient.4, configuration, special explosion-proof spray room lighting, interior lighting sufficient light.5 mist treatment with water curtain, shower folding capture plus maze can efficiently remove the paint mist.6, circulation pump with an area of small, simple installation and pipeline pumps.7, Room δ1.5mm steel and steel body is made of.8, dust chamber body is made of EPS board, has entered out.9, water curtain spray booth technical parametersNo Item ParametersA flow rate (m3 / h) 90002 Power 43 pump power 34 open wind speed 0.6-0.75 Compressed air consumption (m3/min) 0.36 lamp illumination 400Z-7 nozzle8 Painting Room: Dimensions 2500 × 2400 × 26009 Dust Room: Dimensions 2500 × 1800 × 3400Note: Manual spray system uses 你好gh-quality brand-name products in Taiwan.6, leveling RoomLeveling effect of room to spray paint surface after the paint on the share level, and to a number of solvent evaporation in order to prevent baking too quickly appeared in the film pinhole.1, Room body is made of welded steel and steel plate.2, chamber body wall windows with transparent glass observation and maintenance of the door.3, chamber body with the top emission device, keeping indoor air fresh.4, room spray processing site in vivo, uniform color, elegant appearance.3, the consolidated statementa, baking oven is designed to bridge Road.

没有碰到水帘的漆雾由水帘下部进入喷漆室的后部，由喷嘴喷出的水雾冲洗、迷宫折板过滤及折板上的喷淋系统三次过滤后，废气经风机排至大气中，布局特点如次：一、设置双工位水帘喷漆室。二、槽体采用型钢及Q235钢板制作，板厚4mm。水帘板为不锈钢板，喷淋捕捉喷嘴为雾化喷嘴，抽风机采用防爆型风机。3、室体拼装板之间采用螺栓连接、安装、拆卸、迅速，便捷。四、配置喷漆室专用防爆照明，内部采光充足、明亮。5、漆雾处理采用水帘、喷淋捕捉加迷宫折板，可高效去除漆雾。6、轮回泵采用占地少、安装简略的管道泵。7、室体采用δ1.5mm钢板与型钢制作而成。八、防尘室体采用EPS板制成，设有出进门。9、水帘喷漆室技术参数序号项目参数1 处理风量（m3/h） 90002 功率 43 水泵功率 34 开口风速 0.6-0.75 压缩空气耗量（m3/min） 0.36 照明灯照度 4007 喷嘴 Z型8 喷漆室：外形尺寸 2500×2400×26009 防尘室：外形尺寸 2500×1800×3400注：手动喷漆系统采用台湾优质名牌产品。六、流平室流平室的作用是使喷漆后喷在工件表面上的漆铺平，并使溶剂挥发一些，以防止烘烤过快而在漆膜上浮现针孔。一、室体采用型钢与钢板焊制而成。

In the homogeneous model, the function of tendons is assumed to be uniform in some approximated way in order to form an equivalent homogeneous material within concrete. The formulation of the homogeneous model is same with that of general FEM for common continuum, let alone the elastic matrix being resultant of that of tendon and concrete. The computation is simple, but the approximate assumption makes this method cannot be generalized, because it only represents the constitution and function of tendons in such a rough way, that the numerical results are inaccurate. In the combined model, the function of tendon is considered by the stiffness matrix with rod element, then add it into the stiffness matrix of concrete by a rational way.

均匀类单元是设想将钢筋均匀弥散于整个单元中，使其成为一种连续均匀材料单元，这种单元的与一般有限元的单元刚度矩阵推导过程一样，只不过其弹性矩阵由混凝土和钢筋两部迭加而成的，此类单元刚阵计算简明而又不会扩大计算规模，但均匀弥散只是为计算简单而作一种假想，不贴近单元构造实际，也不符合实际作用效果。

Loving a person: It's to know and to resolve; it's to apologize and to appreciate; It's to acknowledge and to correct; It's to considerate and to understand; It's acceptance but not tolerance; It's allowance but not indulgence; It's support but not control; It's care but not inquiry; It's release but not complain ; It's indelibility but not oblivion; It's to communicate but not order; It's to pray but not require; You can be romantic but not lavish; You can be easy to fall in love but never make it easy to let go.

爱一个人：要了解，也要开解；要道歉，也要道谢；要认错，也要改错；要体贴，也要体谅；是接受，而不是忍受；是宽容，而不是纵容；是支持，而不是支配；是慰问，而不是质问；是倾诉，而不是控诉；是难忘，而不是遗忘；是彼此交流，而不是凡事交待；是为对方默默祈求，而不是向对方诸多要求；可以浪漫，但不要浪费；可以随时牵手，但不要随便分手。

They took the view that it was unfair for the economically developed world, which had been able to industrialise at the expense of the environment, to deny the developing world a similar opportunity in the name of environmental protection.

他们持有这种观点：在发达国家体系中，原本能够以牺牲环境为代价而实现工业化，而在发展中国家的世界中以环境保护为名义而被排斥类似的机会的做法是不平等、不公正的。

The bell does toll for him that thinks it does; and though it intermit again, yet from that minute that that occasion wrought upon him, he is united to Gold.

因为钟声固然可能为他而敲，无可置疑，也可能为我们而敲，钟声确实是为了有自觉意识的人而敲。虽然期间有所中断，从有自觉意识的那一时刻开始，他就与上帝结合相会。

The paper studies the distribution characteristics and determinants of job vacancies. The parameter estimation is based on the two-stage Tobit procedure. The main statistical results are as follows: There is a positive correlation between the hiring scale and job vacancy incidence, while there is a negative correlation between the qualification vacancy rate and the hiring scale. The higher the labor turnover rate in units, the higher the job vacancy incidences and the vacancy rates are. The 98.39% of institutions with prospects have labor needs, and 39.53% of units declining say they will hire new staff. After decomposing the Theil Index which reflects the gaps among vacancy rates, the differences among vacancy rates of different units are mainly from the inner causes of various groups, and the intergroup reasons are not main ones.

本文利用两阶段Tobit模型对国内的职位空缺统计数据进行了估计，发现：用人机构的雇佣规模与职位空缺发生率正相关，而职位空缺率则与机构的雇佣规模呈现负相关的关系；机构员工流动率越高，职位空缺发生率以及职位空缺率越高；在景气指数为"看涨"的机构中98.39%表示存在用人需求，而景气指数为"看跌"的机构里只有39.53%的机构表示会招募新员工；在对反映职位空缺率差距水平的泰尔指数分解后发现机构职位空缺率之间的不同主要是由于各类分组的组内原因导致的，而组间的原因并不是主要的。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。