为...的前驱

CdS nanoarods have been synthesized by using Cetyltrimethyl Ammonium Bromide as the soft template under γ-irradiation through the reaction of cadmium sulphide (CdSO4·8/3H2O) and thiacetamide in acidic condition for pH value of 3. The physical and chemical properties and the structure of CdS nanorods were characterized by XRD, UV-Vis, SAED, TEM and PL.

在pH=3的酸性条件下，以硫酸镉和硫代乙酰胺为反应前驱体，采用十六烷基三甲基溴化铵自组装形成的管状胶束为模板，通过γ射线辐照法成功合成了CdS纳米棒，并通过XRD、UV-Vis、SAED、TEM和PL等技术对反应中间产物及最终产物进行了表征。

Objective To investigate the clinical features, causes of blindness and diagnosis of Vogt Koyanagi Harada syndrome Methods The data of 157 patients with VKH syndrome were reviewed and analyzed Patients were carefully examined with slit lamp, ophthalmoscope, three mirror lens, fundus fluorescein angiography, indocyanine green angiography and HLA typing Results Headache was noted in 73 5% of these patients Simultaneous involvement of both eyes occurred in 80 8% of these patients Chroiditis,papilledema and edema of the retina adjacent to the optic nerve were noted in 100% of these patients in the posterior uveitis stage, whereas recurrent granulomatous anterior uveitis (98 4%),"sunset glow" fundus (95 8%) and Dalen Fuchs nodules (71 2%) were the common ocular findings in the recurrent anterior uveitis stage The common causes of blindness were papillitis, exudative retinal detachment and complicated cataract in the posterior uveitis stage, anterior uveal involvement stage and its recurrent stage Poliosis (36 3%) and alopecia (35 0%) were the most common extraocular findings Early irregular patches of fluorescence, followed by localized hyperfluorescent spots were the typical findings of FFA Dilation of choroidal vessels and leakage of ICG from the choroidal vessels were the common ICGA findings The prevalence of HLA DR4 and HLA DRw53 in patients (54 9% and 71 8% respectively) was significantly higher than that in controls (14 7% and 38 2% respectively) Conclusions VKH syndrome is characterized by chroiditis, papillitis or neuroretinitis in the posterior uveitis stage, followed by a generalized uveitis with a typical recurrent granulomatous anterior uveitis Extraocular findings and relevant examinations including FFA, ICGA and HLA typing are helpful to the diagnosis of VKH syndrome

目的探讨Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada综合征患者的临床特征、盲目原因及诊断等有关问题。方法对在1996年1月至2000年12月间就诊资料完整的157例VKH综合征患者进行回顾性分析，并对裂隙灯、眼底镜、三面镜、荧光素眼底血管造影(fundus fluorescein angiography，FFA)、吲哚青绿血管造影(indocyanine green angiography，ICGA)及人类白细胞抗原分型等检查结果进行分析。结果 VKH综合征最常见的前驱症状为头痛(102例，73.5%)，双眼同时患病118例(80.8%)；后葡萄膜炎期眼部主要表现为脉络膜炎、视乳头及附近视网膜水肿(100.0%)；前葡萄膜炎反复发作期眼部表现为复发性肉芽肿性前葡萄膜炎(128例，98.4%)、晚霞状眼底改变(95.8%)及Dalen-Fuchs结节(71.2%)；后葡萄膜炎期、前葡萄膜受累期及前葡萄膜炎反复发作期导致盲目的主要原因分别为视乳头炎、视网膜脱离及并发性白内障；毛发变白(36.3%)及脱发(35.0%)是最常见的眼外表现；炎症活动期FFA典型表现为斑驳状高荧光，ICGA发现脉络膜血管扩张、通透性增高等改变；VKH综合征患者HLA-DR4及HLA-DRw53的阳性率(54.9%及71.8%)显著高于正常对照组(14.7%及38.2%)。结论 VKH综合征患者在后葡萄膜炎期眼部典型表现为双侧脉络膜炎、视乳头炎或神经视网膜炎，随后出现以反复发作的肉芽肿性前葡萄膜炎为特征的全葡萄膜炎。眼外症状及相关的辅助检查包括FFA、ICGA 及HLA分型等有助于VKH综合征的诊断。

Ultrasound chemical precipitation method was used to synthesize the precursor powderswith the ammonium oxalate and nickel nitrate hexahydrate as the raw materials.

然后，以Ni(NO_3)_2·6H_2O和(NH_4)_2C_2O_4·H_2O为原料，采用超声化学沉淀法制备出氧化镍前驱体，XRD图谱表明前驱体为NiC_2O_4·2H_2O，FTIR谱图分析进一步验证得到的前驱体是NiC_2O_4·2H_2O。

ESCA results show that silica is coated on surface of the polymeric microspheres. SEM analysis reveals that when water was used as a solvent, uniform silica coating on the surface of organic microsphere can be obtained, and when the reactive time is 10 minutes, an uniform coating layer can be prepared. But when tetrachloroethylene was used as a reactive solvent, an inhomogeneous silica coating is found on the organic microspheres.

由化学分析电子光谱仪纵深分析可以得到，矽的前驱物是藉由披覆方式附著在有机微球表面；SEM分析发现以水为溶剂所合成出之披覆有二氧化矽的有机微球表面呈现均匀披覆效果，并且当反应时间为10min时表面均匀披覆效果最好；而以四氯乙烯为溶剂的系统所合成之微球则呈现不均匀披覆。

Highly ordered mesoporous Zr-Ce-SBA-15 silica with hexagonal-platelet morphology was synthesized through a hydrothermal route by using pluronic P123 as a template, tetraethyl orthosilicate as a silica source, zirconyl chloride and cerous nitrate as a precursor. The main strategy of this method was to utilize the acidity self-generated from the hydrolysis of inorganic salts in the aqueous solutions, where no addition of mineral acids was necessary.

以P123为模板剂，正硅酸乙酯为硅源，氯化氧锆和硝酸亚铈为无机前驱盐，在不外加无机酸的条件下，利用无机前驱盐自身水解产生的弱酸性环境，通过水热合成路线一步合成了具有大的径轴比、短孔道、六方板状形貌的Zr-Ce-SBA-15介孔材料。

The copolycondensation type polyamic acid was synthesized by using 3,3', 4,4'-Benzophenonetetracarboxylic dianhydride as the dianhydride monomer, 4,4'-Diamino diphenylmethane and 4,4'-Oxydianiline as the diamine monomer under microwave irradiation in Dimethylformamide.

在微波辐射条件下，采用3，3'，4，4'-二苯酮四羧酸二酐、4，4'-二氨基二苯甲烷和4，4'-二氨基二苯醚为单体，N，N'-二甲基甲酰胺为溶剂，低温合成一种共缩聚聚酰亚胺的前驱体聚酰胺酸，化学亚胺化脱水环化生成BTDA型共缩聚聚酰亚胺。

Hybrid mesoporous molecular sieve materials with hexagonal mesoporous structure and covalent bonded polyoxometalates were synthesized based on tetraethoxysilane anti lacunary polyoxometalate, SiW11, via sol-gel method in the presence of triblock copolymers P123 as the structure-directing agent. The influences of molar ratio of inorganic precursors and aging temperature on the structure and the loadings of SiW11 in the hybrid materials were investigated. Some reaction details in the synthesis were revealed.

用嵌段共聚物P123为模板剂，正硅酸乙酯和缺位结构的多金属氧酸盐SiW11为无机前驱体，由溶胶－凝胶法合成了具有六方结构和SiW11共价键联的介孔分子筛杂化材料SiW11/SBA-15，着重考察了无机前驱的配比和老化温度对杂化材料结构及SiW11负载量的影响。

Polyimide/silica (PI/SiO2) nano-hybrid films of different solid content were prepared based on pyromellitic dianhydride and 4, 4'-oxydianiline using tetraethoxysilane as the inorganic precursors.

以均苯四甲酸二酐和4，4'-二氨基二苯醚为有机单体，正硅酸乙酯为无机前驱体，制备了SiO2含量一定，PAA杂化胶液固体含量不同的PI/SiO2纳米杂化薄膜。

The method adopts the following steps: after mixed, phosphorus source, silicon source, aluminum source, an organic template agent, water and a precursor of the SAPO molecular sieve are hydrothermally crystallized for at least 0.1 hour at the temperature ranging from 110 to 260 DEG C to obtain the SAPO molecular sieve; wherein, the preparation method for the precursor of the SAPO molecular sieve has the following steps:, the molar ratio is 0.03 to 0.6 R:(Si0.01 to 0.98: Al 0.01 to 0.6: P0.01 to 0.6): 2 to 500 H2O; wherein, R stands for mixture solution of raw materials which is blended by the phosphorus source, the silicon source, the aluminum source, the an organic template agent and water of the template agent;, the mixture solution of raw materials prepared in step reacts at the temperature which is at least 50 DEG C lower than the crystallization temperature for at least 0.1 hour.

本发明通过采用包括以下步骤：将磷源、硅源、铝源、有机模板剂、水和SAPO分子筛前驱体混合后在110～260℃的温度下水热晶化至少0.1小时获得SAPO分子筛；其中SAPO分子筛的前驱体的制备包括以下步骤：将摩尔配比为0.03～0.6R∶(Si0.01～0.98∶Al0.01～0.6∶P0.01～0.6)∶2～500H 2 O，式中R代表模板剂的磷源、硅源、铝源、有机模板剂和水混合成原料混合液；将步骤制备的原料混合液在低于晶化温度至少50℃的温度下反应至少0.1小时的技术方案较好地解决了该问题，可应用于含氧化合物制烯烃催化剂的制备过程。

The pure and WO3-doped TiO2 nanoparticles photocatalyst was prepared by chemical precipitation, in which titanium tetrachloride was used as Ti-precursor, ammonia as precipitant and sodium tungstate as doping donor.

以TiCl4为钛前驱体，氨水为沉淀剂，钨酸钠为掺杂体给体，采用化学沉淀法，制备了纯的与WO3掺杂的TiO2纳米光催化剂。

As she looked at Warrington's manly face, and dark, melancholy eyes, she had settled in her mind that he must have been the victim of an unhappy attachment.

每逢看到沃林顿那刚毅的脸，那乌黑、忧郁的眼睛，她便会相信，他一定作过不幸的爱情的受害者。

Maybe they'll disappear into a pothole.

也许他们将在壶穴里消失