为...开腹

Methods 50 nude rats were submitted to intraperitoneal injection of HO-8910 cells.After 14 days,these rats was distributed according to different procedures:(1)Control group.(2)Midline laparotomy(ML,consisting in bowel exteriorization on a mesh for 1 hour following xyphopubic laparotomy).(3)Gasless laparoscopy(GL,consisting in abodominal wall expansion by a NO.14 Forley catheter for 1 hour).(4)CO2 laparoscopy(CO2 L,pneumoperitoneum with CO2 at a pressure of 2 mm Hg for 1 hour).(5)He laparoscopy(HeL,the same as CO2L except for inhalation with He).

50只裸鼠腹腔内注射卵巢癌HO-8910细胞，于14天后按不同手术要求分组如下：(1)对照组；(2)开腹组(ML，耻骨联合上正中切口长约2 cm进腹，将肠管等脏器取出搁置在无菌盐纱上，手术持续1 h)；(3)气囊组(GL，腹腔内置14号Forley导尿管1根，充气后持续膨腹1 h)；(4)CO2气腹组(CO2L，剑突下气腹针穿刺进腹充入CO2，压力维持在2 mm Hg，持续注入1 h)；(5)He气腹组(HeL，手术步骤均同CO2气腹，仅注入气体为He)。

Itis a great deal of assistment for treatment and prognosis of patients, if we candiagnose hepatic fibrosis in forepart. The aim of this experiment evaluate the dignosisvalue of ultrasound elastic imaging on early hepatic fibrosis.we will supply thefundermental data for reseach henceforth. 2、Materials and Method The number of Wister rats is 30 and weight is 180-220g. 30 Wister rats had beenligated on the right hepatic ducts (include middle lobe、right lobe and caudate lobe) tocause partial cholestatic hepafibrosis factitiously and divided in A, B and C groups. Aand B groups had been ligated on the right hepatic ducts both. The different with Aand B is that the time of A group after ligation on the hepatic ducts is 2 weeks and thetime of B group is 1 week.

将实验动物分为A、B、C三组，A组为结扎大鼠右侧胆管(包括中叶、右叶、尾状叶)2周后进行检查。B组为结扎大鼠右侧胆管1周后进行检查，C组行假手术为对照组。A组大鼠麻醉后，腹部备皮，皮肤常规消毒，腹部横行切开，暴露肝脏、胆总管，游离右侧胆管，结扎，然后关腹；C组，仅开腹然后关腹，即假手术组。A、C两组同批实施手术，A、C两组术后1周，B组实施手术，步骤、方法、部位同A组。

Itis a great deal of assistment for treatment and prognosis of patients, if we candiagnose hepatic fibrosis in forepart. The aim of this experiment evaluate the dignosisvalue of ultrasound elastic imaging on early hepatic fibrosis.we will supply thefundermental data for reseach henceforth. 2、Materials and MethodThe number of Wister rats is 30 and weight is 180-220g. 30 Wister rats had beenligated on the right hepatic ducts (include middle lobe、right lobe and caudate lobe) tocause partial cholestatic hepafibrosis factitiously and divided in A, B and C groups. Aand B groups had been ligated on the right hepatic ducts both. The different with Aand B is that the time of A group after ligation on the hepatic ducts is 2 weeks and thetime of B group is 1 week.

将实验动物分为A、B、C三组，A组为结扎大鼠右侧胆管(包括中叶、右叶、尾状叶)2周后进行检查。B组为结扎大鼠右侧胆管1周后进行检查，C组行假手术为对照组。A组大鼠麻醉后，腹部备皮，皮肤常规消毒，腹部横行切开，暴露肝脏、胆总管，游离右侧胆管，结扎，然后关腹；C组，仅开腹然后关腹，即假手术组。A、C两组同批实施手术，A、C两组术后1周，B组实施手术，步骤、方法、部位同A组。

Methods: During the April 2003 to December 2004, from the patients with different position colorectal cancer beyond Dukes C stage who were performed laparoscopic radical operation random draw 20 patients as experiment group, and from patients with different position colorectal cancer beyond Dukes C patients who were performed open radical operation 20 patients took randomly as contrast group. We draw thepatients blood about 5 ml from antecubital vein at the time before and after the operation about 30 minutes respectively, preserved the blood in deep hypothermia circumstance,cytrokeratin-20(CK-20) as the micrometastasis maker, using the RT-PCR technique,G3PDH as the intra-contrast gene, quantitatively detect the amounts of CK-20 in the blood with the gelatum imagery system and the computer analyzing software on the gelatum imagery system ,in order to compare the influence of the laparoscopic and the open operation on the micrometastasis.

在我院2003年4月—2004年12月间不同部位的临床分期在Dukes C期之内的接受了腹腔镜结直肠癌根治术结直肠癌患者中随机抽取20例作为试验组，另外在同期的接受开腹手术患者中随机抽取20例作为对照组，分别抽取术前30min和术后30min的肘前静脉血5ml，集中低温保存，以细胞角蛋白(cytekeratin-20)CK-20为微转移的标志物，应用RT-PCR技术，以G3PDH为内对照基因，应用凝胶成像系统及其计算机凝胶成像系统分析软件来定量检测手术前、后患者外周静脉血中CK-20含量，比较腹腔镜和开腹的手术方式对肿瘤微转移的影响。

RFA was undertaken percutaneously on an outpatient basis in 13 patients (25 lesions). The remaining patients underwent RFA via laparoscopy (21 patients; 58 lesions) or celiotomy (16 patients; 49 lesions); mean hospital stay was 1 and 5 days, respectively.

13位病人（25个病灶）的采用经皮下植入的射频治疗，其他病人包括21位病人（58个病灶）采用了腹腔镜下的射频消融手术和16位病人（49个病灶）开腹手术治疗；平均住院时间分别为1和5天。

Methods:the clinic data of 172 cases performed by lc were analyzed retropectovely to disscuss the operation skill and the owoiding of complications.results:there are 3 cases with bile leakage and 5 case with hemorrhage during operation.3 cases were converted to open operations midway with a rate of 1.74%.there are no such severe complications as biliary ducts injury,postoperational hemorrage and bile leakage.conclusions:be familiar with the anatomic variation of cholecystic vessels and biliary ducts,reasonable operation skill,standard manipulation and abdominal operation in time can decrease the complications of lc.

回顾性分析我院172例lc患者的临床资料，就手术技巧与并发症预防进行探讨。结果：术中发现胆漏3例；术中出血5例；中转开腹3例，中转开腹率为1.74％。全组无胆管损伤、术后出血及胆漏等严重并发症。结论：熟悉胆囊血管和胆管的解剖变异，合理的手术技巧、规范的操作、及时果断的中转开腹可以最大限度的减少lc并发症的发生。

Results:Seventysix cases were successfully performed LC,three cases were Mirizzi syndrome type Ⅰ,and one case was converted to open surgery because of gallbladdercolon fistula and gallbladderright hepatic duct fistula,and one was converted to choledocholithotomy with Ttube drainage because of Mirizzi syndrome combined with injury of common bile duct.

结果：76例顺利完成LC，其中3例为Mirizzi综合征Ⅰ型；1例因合并胆囊结肠漏、胆囊右肝管漏中转开腹，另1例为Mirizzi综合征Ⅱ型，术中胆总管损伤中转手术行胆总管对端吻合&T&管支撑引流术。

Compared with acute-phase reaction and erythrocytic immune function, neutrophilic counts, interleukin-6, natural killer cells, C-reaction protein between gasless hand-assisted laparoscopic surgery and carbon dioxide pneumoperitoneum laparoscopic surgery, we found there were obvious difference on N/L rate, CRP, IL-6, Which provided evidence for evaluate the gasless hand-assisted laparoscopic technique superiority to the traditional surgery, and treatment for clinical immune modulation.

通过非气腹手助腹腔镜、CO2气腹腹腔镜和开腹手术创伤后出现的急性期反应和红细胞免疫功能的检测，中性粒细胞计数、IL-6，NK，CRP浓度等APR指标检测，发现非气腹手助腹腔镜结直肠癌手术术后中性粒细胞／淋巴细胞、CRP、IL-6等免疫指标的变化情况较腹腔镜组、开腹组有明显区别，为评价此手术技术是否较传统方法优越和临床免疫调节治疗提供依据。

Result The laparotomy incidence rate was 5.05%, mainly due to severe abdominopelvic cavity adhesions, hemorrhage, hypogastric zone operation history and complications.

结果 腹腔镜子宫切除术中即刻中转开腹手术的发生率为5.05%，主要原因有严重的盆腹腔粘连、下腹部手术史、出血并发症等。

In 5 cases of IUD embedding myometrium, complete IUD in 3 cas es and uncomplete IUD in 1 case were removed under the hysteroscopy, and the IUD in the remaining 1 case was removed by laparotomy. The rest 8 cases were diagno sed having IUD transmigrating into abdominal cavity. The IUD was removed under t he laparoscopy in 5 cases and by laparotomy in 2 cases. One patient gave up.

异位分 类中5例为子宫肌壁嵌顿，其中单纯经宫腔镜手术3例取出完整IUD，1例取出部分断裂的IUD 而遗留少许于子宫壁内，1例经开腹取出因断裂而完全嵌顿于肌壁间的IUD；8例为腹腔异位，经腹腔镜取出5例，2例开腹取出，1例放弃。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。