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Among them, 20 patients were candidates of valve replacement and 18 PDA and pericarditis had their blood samples taken before operation,and 1,2,24 and 48 hours after closure of thorax for measurement of concentrations of CK、CK-MB and TnT,together with ECG recording. Results Of the 60 patients, concentrations of cTnT before operation were normal; 2 hours after aortic unclamping, the correlation coefficient between cTnT and aortic clamping was r = 0.873( P＜0.01), the regression analysis showed Y = 0. 019X-0. 026. Of the 20 patients, ECG showed the myocardium was ischemic; CK、CK-MB and cTnT all rose significantly, reaching the peak after closure of thorax. Of the 18 patients, the ECG and cTnT before operation and after closure of thorax were normal; except 2 patients with pericarditis.

结果 60例瓣膜手术患者术前cTnT均在正常值范围内，主动脉开放后2 h时，阻断时间和cTnT的相关系数为r=0.875(P＜0.01)，回归方程为Y=0.019X-0.026；其中20例瓣膜手术患者心脏经过阻断后，心电图有缺血性改变，周围血液中的CK、CK-MB和cTnT均有明显升高，分别在关胸后2 h达到高峰，数值分别为术前的12.6、9.2和257倍；18例行动脉导管结扎和心包剥脱术的患者术前和关胸后的心电图和血液中的cTnT均正常，CK和CK-MB除2例心包炎患者关胸后出现明显变化外，余均未见改变。

This paper extends Salop's (1974) and Purvis's (1979) flexible exchange rates system small open economy model to the perfect sterilization operation dual exchange rates system. We assume the policy authorities choose the full employment output and desired financial exchange rates level as policy targets and use fiscal policy and monetary policy as policy instruments.

本文将Salop(1974)及Purvis(1979)同时兼顾总合需求面及总合供给面浮动汇制的小型开放经济模型，予以延伸至完全冲销措施(perfect sterilization operations)的双元汇制(two-tier exchange rates)，并假定政策当局选择以充分就业的产出及融汇达到想水准做为政策目标，并以财政政策及货币政策做为政策工具，为达此双重政策目标，则适当的政策搭配为何的课题。

Watch original gregarious network, be more the user the circle is here, resemble each tremendous Gu island, it is inchoative open platform with Facebook nevertheless, effective realized a crowd distribute and flow, compose built a network application ecosystem that is a center with oneself, this ecosystem is the challenge of central ecosystem to be increased slowly to the search, those search firms that destroy search ecosystem should be careful particularly.

观察原来的社交网络，是更多的将用户圈在自己这里，像一个个巨大的孤岛，不过以Facebook为发端的开放平台，则有效的实现了人群的分发和流动，构建了一个以自己为中心的网络应用生态系统，这个生态系统对搜索为中心的生态系统的挑战慢慢加大，那些破坏搜索生态系统的搜索公司要非凡的当心了。

Now day's main competitions are the competition of technology and intelligence.But all these are attributed to the best use of its potential.Hence,how to realize this has become amajor subject.While the most complicated and difficult factor is how to encourage employees and give fuel play of their potentials.Since the policy of opening the country up to the world,the payment reform for the material promotion has been anot topic.But heather can give full play of the payment encouragement only on the basis of material promotion,which has ravishingly aroused people's consideration.However,no doubt,one of the main secrets for the sustainable development of an enterprise is to establish areasonable and effective payment system to basically ensure the sup erior competition of human resource and turn it into the advantage of market competition.

企业赖以生存和发展的基础可以概括为五种资源：资金、财产、技术、信息和人力，在这五种资源中，最重要的是人力资源当今的竞争主要是科技的竞争、智力的竞争，而这些归根结底都将是人力资源开发及其潜能充分利用的竞争所以，如何实现人力资源开发及其潜能的充分利用是企业公认的一大课题，而其中最为复杂和困难的，就是如何做好人员激励，使其潜能充分得到发挥改革开放以来，以提升物质利益为主题的薪酬改革一度成为了我国企业改革的暖门话题，而仅仅靠提升物质利益是否就可以充分发挥薪酬的激励作用也日益引起了人们的思考但不可否认企业能可持续发展的重要秘诀之一，应是建立合理有效的薪酬体系，从根本上保证人力资源的竞争优势，并将之转化为市场竞争的优势在本文中，笔者的主

The splenius capitis muscles and upper part of semispinalis capitis muscle was exposured while preserving a cuff of the formers upper attachments for closure, and reflecting them medially exposes the longissimus capitis muscle and semispinalis capitis muscle.

并显露枕下三角，枕下三角由三条肌肉围成：上内侧为头后大直肌，上外侧为上斜肌，下外侧为下斜肌。开放枕下三角，完整显露颅颈交界区的骨性结构。

Pragmatic presupposition determines the choice of information focus and its position in a sentence,organizes the discourse into a coherent whole,concise,clear and smooth,and achieves the expected stylistic effects.in college english teaching,if teachers teach the knowledge about pragmatic presupposition in listening teaching,introduce the frequently-seen patterns of presupposition, increase the presuppositional sensitivity of students to certain words and structures,guide students to use the theory on presuppositional information to make forecasts on base of written listening material,listen purposefully,and get rid of the distraction of the minor and redundant information,the ability of students to obtain major information and linguistic inference will be strengthened and their listening competence will improve remarkably.george yule divided presuppositional triggers into factive presupposition,non-factive presupposition,counter-factive presupposition,existential presupposition,lexical presupposition and structural presupposition.presuppositional triggers are helpful for us to understand the true intention of the speaker or writer.in college english reading teaching,if teachers introduce the discourse organizing function of pragmatic presupposition and the relevant presupposition triggers,and teach students to use these triggers to communicate with the writer,the comprehension competence of students will be greatly enhanced.the essential function of presupposition is to build a framework for the further development of discourse.in college english writing teaching,teachers can use the theory on pragmatic presupposition to construct a handy training program for textual organization,increase the textual coherence, economy and structural perfection of the english writings by students.in college english translation teaching,teachers should focus on developing the pragmatic presuppositional thinking of students,enable them to grasp the presupposed information in source text / speech exactly,understand the original thoroughly,correctly reorganize and reproduce the pragmatic presuppositions in the target language,carry out the functional equivalence in translation and successfully realize the smooth and accurate communication.with the instruction of pragmatic presupposition in college english teaching,the complete understanding and integral acquisition of english and chinese of students will come true.in conclusion,to implement the curriculum requirements for college english teaching promulgated by the ministry of education of china,we should emphasize the instruction of the theory on pragmatic presupposition in college english teaching,carry it through from beginning to end.it's one of the important means to realize the college english teaching reform, improve the effects of college english teaching,strengthenr the practical and integrative language abilities of students,in order to cultivate the compound talents to adapt to the global integration and meet the requirements of the reform and opening in china.

在大学英语教学中，教师将语用预设知识贯穿于听力教学过程中，讲授一些常出现的预设类型，提高学生对一些特定的词语和结构的预设敏感度，引导学生运用预设信息理论对听力文字材料进行预测，有的放矢，排除次要、冗余信息的干扰，增强获取主要信息的能力和语言推理能力，从而提。。。更多高学生的听力理解水平。george yule将预设触发语分为事实预设、非事实预设、反事实预设、存在预设、词汇预设和结构预设，触发语有助于我们在阅读当中理解作者的真正用意。在大学英语阅读教学中，介绍语用预设的语篇组织功能和有关的预设触发语，并利用触发语来与作者进行交流，会极大地提高阅读理解能力。预设的基本功能就是为语篇的进一步发展建立一个框架。利用语用预设理论可以为大学英语写作教学构建一个易于操作的篇章组织训练方法，提高学生英语写作的语篇连贯性，经济性和结构优化。在大学英语翻译教学中，注重培养学生的语用预设思维，准确把握源语的前提信息，透彻理解原文，使语用预设在目的语中正确重组和再现，实现翻译的功能对等，交际的流畅性和准确性，并增强学生对英汉双语的全面性认识和整体性习得。综上所述，为更好地贯彻和实施教育部颁布的《大学英语课程教学要求》，在大学英语教学中重视语用预设理论的传授，使语用预设贯穿于大学英语教学的始终，是实现大学英语教学改革的重要手段，改善大学英语教学效果，增强学生的实用综合语言能力，培养符合全球一体化趋势，适应改革开放要求的复合型人才。

Methods:Twenty-three patients with CAOD awaiting bypass operation were observed as research group.Thirty-one patients undergoing elective open repair of an infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysm were observed as control group. Clamping and declamping arterial for anastomoses were served as ischemia reperfusion injury. LDH, CK, MB as indicators of skeletal injury before operation and first 3 days after operation were detected.

以接受旁路手术治疗的23例慢性下肢动脉闭塞患者为试验组，以接受腹主动脉原位置换的31例腹主动脉瘤患者为对照组，以术中阻断及开放血管为急性IRI因素，以乳酸脱氢酶、肌酸激酶、肌红蛋白为检测指标，研究两组骨骼肌对急性IRI的反应。

This dissertation generalizes the values of the Third Way and points out that the values of the Third Way takes the exceeding over the traditional left-winger and new righty as its value tropism, takes the democracy, liberty, equity, liability and internationalism as its basal value conception, takes the establishment of a lifeful government and society as its value goal. It is an open system of values that inclues the political values, economic values, social values and international values.

文章对&第三条道路&的价值观进行了概括，认为它是一个以超越传统左派与新右派为基本价值取向，以民主、自由、公正、责任和国际主义等为基本价值观念，以建立充满活力的政府与社会为价值目标，包括政治价值观、经济价值观、社会价值观、国际价值观等在内的开放的价值观体系。

The expression of cloned cold-adapted lipase gene lipA in Pichia pastoris GS115 with the pPIC9k as the expressive vector was performed according to the methods described in the manual, version 3.0, of the pPIC9K identified the lip gene cloned here was a functional lipase gene.

以pPIC9K为表达载体，以GS115为表达宿主菌，成功构建重组表达质粒pPIC9K-lipA，经甲醇诱导表达，能够分泌有脂肪酶活性的表达产物，因此证明本研究所克隆的脂肪酶基因lipA确实为脂肪酶开放阅读框。

This paper therefore examines the development of "the folklore Pai-Chang of Peking opera aria in Tainan city" through literature review depth-interview oral history and participant observation The concept frame is culture organism as the vertical axle and elements of a folklore activity as the transverse axle There are several significant findings about the general picture of this subject: During the late period of Japanese colonial era Tainan local people who played Peguan music learned Peking opera aria and tried to bring Peking opera aria into the folklore Pai-Chang which was one kind performance and traditional custom of Peguan music Some people who came from other places and played Peking opera aria had also known or learned "Pai-Chang" with touching Tainan local amateurs "Pai-Chang" used to be performed by amateurs for worship of god or goddess or for seasoning and wedding celebration without rewards Amateurs volunteered to perform "Pai-Chang" only for their duty temples and fraternity of Peking opera aria The majority of the audience is people who perform or like "Pai-Chang" or who live nearby There is a fixed pattern of the performance including the repertoire and the arrangement of the band The main meaning of this performace is to pray God's blessings therefore the procedure of "Ban-Hsian" is the most essential and ahead of Peking opera aria singing With time goes by the number of the amateurs has dropped; yet the demand for the worship ceremony remains; hence some of the amateurs have been trained to become professional performers Besides although the idea and the meaning of "Pai-Chang" remains the pattern of the performance has become simplified and rigid which is because of the performers' number decreasing and market adapting Nowadays the whole ecosystem of the folklore Pai-Chang of Peking opera aria in Tainan city keep changing which is mainly influenced by the transition of the society(such as the time and space of the industrial and commercial society being compressed and most people's pursuing of specialization and utilitarianism etc ) According to the findings in this paper the phenomenon can be regarded as the subject matter both of Peking opera and folklore studies For the studies of the Taiwanese culture however the subject not only enriches the subject matters of the Taiwanese culture(signifies the localization of Peking opera and a new pattern of Taiwanese folklore) but also reflects the characters of diversification integration adaptation and compromise of Taiwanese culture which used to be influenced by different regimes and the historical contexts Facing such a multicultural context this paper thus suggests researchers should show an open-minded attitude toward the complex of the Taiwanese culture studies and then important phenomenon would not be ignored or misunderstood

代表了什麼意义？对於上述疑惑，查既有研究成果，不消没有论述者，具体提即「京调排场」现象的可说没有，基於此，有必要对台南市及其周边之民俗性京调排场，不管是语汇来由或者其现象本身，做一番研究。本研究透过文献、访谈、口述史、参与观察等方法，以文化有机体之纵的发展概念为经，以民俗表演之横切面各主客要素为纬，试图先对此文化现象调查并推论出一概貌：台南市民俗性京调排场的形成，是在京调传入台南，台南本地北管子弟改习或兼习京调后，结合北管音乐文化所固有的排场表演型态及民俗演出传统，融合而成，形成时间至迟在日治晚期。而一些不同时期的外来京调人士(如原本生长於其他地区、后移住台湾的票友，和中国大陆琴师等等)，也曾透过与当地子弟的接触，而习得或知晓「排场」语汇以及本地京调排场习俗者。此项音乐民俗表演在过往多由业余子弟於神诞或民众婚俗做寿时，对其有义务或交陪的庙宇及子弟间做酬酢性的演出，不收报酬；聆赏者多是京调同好与邻近民众，也有少数路过者；演出模式包括节目安排、乐队编制皆有一定；表演意涵上以「扮仙」祈求神明赐福人间最为重要，因此排仙必不可少，且一定先於京调演唱。随著时间推移，京调排场表演活动的各要素都有变动，惟变迁速度不一，大体而言，业余表演者锐减，人们对酬神娱神节目的需求仍在，因此一些过往的业余表演者遂逐渐转型为职业表演者。此外，虽然表演意涵不变，但在职业表演人员少、又要适应市场的情况下，表演模式亦逐渐流於简化、僵化。目前京调排场整体生态仍在转变的过程中，而这种变化应与工商社会时间空间的被压缩、事事追求专业化与尼Q化等因素有关。再者，据此概貌，在结论部分厘清其意义、定位以及其对台湾文化研究之启示。台南市及其周边之民俗性京调排场现象，可视为京剧研究与民俗研究的一环，然而对於台湾文化研究，除了其题材本身标志了京剧的本土化与台湾民俗活动之新类型，进一步扩充整体台湾文化研究的内容外，更重要的是现象背后所反映的台湾文化的多元融合与妥协适应取向。台湾的海岛地理位置与长期被不同文化背景政权所殖民的历史，其文化自然容易随社会环境改变而弹性适应变迁，呈现多元纷呈、多重覆叠的特色，因此展望未来，从事台湾文化研究应秉除单一观点，保持一定程度之开放与客观胸襟，方不忽视或误识更多重要的文化现象。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。