临界速度

We deduce the formula of the critical thickness of ablator, and put forward the rule of how the thickness of ablator affect the velocities and the stability of flyer.

理论上从阻抗失配效应的临界密度公式，推导出了烧蚀层的临界厚度，并推广到飞片的情形，提出了烧蚀层厚度对飞片速度和稳定性的影响规律。

As growth rates are near the critical velocity of absolute stability limit by the calculation according to M-S theory, it must be considered that deep cells may keep their cellular structure.

当凝固速度近绝对稳定临界转变点时，KGT模型和Hunt-Lu数值模型与试验结果有较大的差别，其原因是这些模型的计算均未考虑到深胞晶在速度高于MS理论计算的绝对稳定平界面极限后仍能保持自身稳定性而造成的； 8。

At the same time, the ballistic limit curves of the Whipple shield in a velocity range from 0.5 km/s to 5.5 km/s was obtained. Comparing to the predicted curve from Christiansen ballistic limit equation, the experimental minimum critical projectile diameter is slightly greater than the prediction.

通过固定弹丸直径，改变弹丸撞击速度，寻找临界撞击速度的方法获得了铝合金Whipple防护结构在0.5～5.5 km/s撞击速度区间内的撞击极限曲线，并与由Christiansen撞击极限方程得到的撞击极限曲线进行了比较，结果表明，实验最小临界弹丸直径略大于预测值。

Even if energy saving window could be work when the molarity was decreased, but might not phase separation in real situation.

经比较可以发现当浓度降低其节能效率下降、临界溶解温度范围提高、反应速度加快，虽然浓度降低仍可以达到节能的目的且反应速度加快，但临界溶解温度范围提高可能使实际运用上会有所困难，有机会产生节能窗材无法相分离的情形，加上在低体积莫耳浓度时相分离后水胶粒子会沉淀的现象，使节能窗材无法顺利运作，故实际运用上不适合降低节能窗材的浓度。

Based on analysis and comparison of the principle, method and form of train mass calculation and the correlative" select-judge value" for raising speed train,a change of particular attention from train mass to train speed is recommended in this paper,and the second critical gradient between the recommendatory maximum speed method and the traditional calculative speed method is established to the "select-judge value".

本文在分析与比较提速列车质量计算的原则和方式方法以及相关的选择判别值的基础上，提出应从传统的侧重列车质量的方式转向侧重运行速度的方式，并最终确立第二临界坡度为推荐的最高速度法与传统的计算速度法的选择判别值。

As the results, the ultra-thin films of 500SN and hexadecane exhibited nonlinear shearing response, which was different from that of the Newtonian fluids in their bulk state.

结果表明：在超薄膜润滑条件下，5 0 0 SN和十六烷均表现出明显的非牛顿剪切响应，即剪切稀释现象；摩擦力幅值随剪切速度的增大急剧上升到最大值，然后下降至某一固定值附近并产生波动；剪切挤压下的临界膜厚小于静态挤压的临界膜厚，剪切运动对吸附层有序结构产生破坏作用

And the superhydrophobic phenomena could be explained by two typical thoeries: Wenzel model and Cassie model.

在表征表面超疏水性时，除常用的θ、α外，接触角滞后Δθ、斜面上液滴滞留在材料表面上的最大半径Rc、两种状态转化时的临界压力Δp以及液滴落下后能反弹的临界撞击速度Vc也是非常重要的参数。

Included among them are: characteristic frequency curve of reinforced medium; critical length of the anchor bar ; anchor bar density and nonuniform coefficient of the reinforced medium; embedded anchorage layer effect; bed plate effect; weak surface effect; distortion of the bow-shaped distributed state of the anchor bar frictional resistance and initiation, formation and development of the dominant glide control plane; criteria about the displacement velocity of side-wall stability status, critical status and unstability status, and the system of ordinate analysis method, et al

d。文中提出的若干新的概念、判据和分析方法，如加固介质特征频度线；临界锚杆长度；锚杆密度及加固介质不均匀系数；嵌固层效应；垫板效应；弱面效应；锚杆&弓形&受力形态的畸变与优势滑移控制面的产生、形成和发展；边壁稳定状态、临界状态和失稳状态的位移速度判据；纵坐标系分析法等，具有一定的理论价值，并对软土工程围护设计具有指导意义。

Based on Hill' elastic-plastic instability theory,the velocity field for sheet instability which is caused by the shear stress during sheet metal forming is developed,and the theoretical formula of the wrinkling critical shear stress is proposed.

以Hill关于弹塑性失稳理论为基础，建立了剪应力起皱失稳的速度场分布，给出了临界起皱剪应力理论计算结果，分析了板料屈服强度、硬化指数、板厚方向性指数及板料厚度对临界剪应力的影响，并与实验和数值模拟结果进行了对比。

The disturbances on power system are calculated and analyzed, and the conclusions show that self excited shunt excitation system with less rise time and overshoot has good quality in majority disturbances.

所选的项目也是发电机在运行中会遇到的扰动。临界切除时间和强励上升速度用以检查对暂态稳定的影响。较长的临界切除时间和较快的强励上升速度反映较优的暂态稳定性。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。