临界状态

According to the experimental data, it is found that the circumferential diffierence of heat transfer characteristics occurres due to the effects of thermal acceleration and buoyance in the inclined smooth tube at supercritical pressure.

实验结果表明：在超临界压力区域，倾斜光管内可能由于受到热加速度和浮力的综合作用，倾斜光管传热特性沿周向是不均匀分布状态，通常管内顶部的壁面温度比底部高，在大比热区发生传热恶化和传热强化的现象，低质量流速和高热负荷条件下会发生传热恶化现象，高质量流速下会发生传热强化，避免壁温发生飞升；内螺纹管内的传热特性在不同焓值区域表现不同，在远离拟临界焓值的低焓值区域和高焓值区域，呈现出相似的规律，而在接近拟临界焓值区域时，传热得到强化。

In order to study the stability of non-Newtonian fluid and its flow pattern discrimination method,the integral stability theory and local stability theory are applied to the concentric annulus flowing of plastic fluid and power-law fluid,then a relevant stability parameter expression of discriminating flow pattern is derived and set up in the paper.

针对非牛顿流体的稳定性问题及其流态判别的研究，将整体稳定性理论及局部稳定性理论应用于塑性流体和幂律流体在同心环空的流动中，建立和推导出相对应的判别流动状态的稳定性参数表达式。这些参数的临界值与牛顿液体流态准数雷诺数的临界值，同样具有与液体流变性无关的特点。

Based on different mist evaporation processes,mist movements in smoke and flame with none aerification,partial aerification and total aerification were studied,leading to mist endotherm rate,prediction model for critical mist flow rate and the criterion between defferent aerification processes.

根据雾滴吸热蒸发状态的不同，分别分析了烟气层和火焰区内无汽化、部分汽化和完全汽化时的雾滴运动情况，得出了细水雾吸热速率，建立了临界雾流率预测模型，并给出了不同汽化状态之间的临界判据。

In this article two functional modes of the Fly-back Converter (Continuous Conduct Mode and Discontinuous Conduct Mode) are particularly analyzed, which include their characteristics, applications, the critical pattern of two functional modes is argued, both the exact boundary from the angle of circuit parameters is crystallized, at the same time, basic principle of PFC under the DCM mode is introduced, which settle theoretical basis for the subsequent design; by establishing the mathematic model of the converter, a further investigation of the configuration is made, qualitatively and quantitatively, analyzed to settle exactly theoretical basis for the subsequent emulation and the experimental parameter; from the angle of steady-state analysis, the transfer function of the system is deduced to establish dynamic small-signal state equation, emulating the system with the help of matlab, then according to the simulation result and the theory of PFC revise the system, lastly, we adopt the project which add a zero-pole compensator to the voltage loop, by this way, a satisfied system performance is gained and the PFC scheme is ensured successfully; finally, based on the previously-done work, we combining with the situation of specific design requirement, acquired the numerical value of each unit devices in this converter

详细分析了反激式变换器的两种工作状态，连续模式(Continuous Conduct Mode ，简称CCM)和断续模式(Discontinuous Conduct Mode，简称DCM)以及各自的特点、应用场合，论证了两种工作状态的临界模式，从电路参数的角度明确了二者的界限，同时还介绍了DCM模式下PFC的基本原理，为后面的设计奠定理论基础；通过对整个变换器系统建立准确的数学模型，对此变换器的电路结构做了进一步的研究，定性、定量地分析了变换器各部分的工作状态，为仿真和实验参数的确定以及电路参数的优化提供理论依据；从稳态分析的角度，为系统建立了动态小信号状态方程并推导出系统的传递函数，利用matlab对系统进行仿真，进而根据仿真结果以及PFC的相关理论对系统进行校正，采用在电压环加入零点—极点补偿器的设计方案，得到了满意的系统特性并且保证了PFC的顺利实现；最后，在前面所做工作的基础上，结合设计要求计算出此变换器系统中每个元器件的数值，利用Pspice对其进行了仿真、优化，然后根据仿真结果搭建了硬件电路。

Considering the inertial eccentric force and the weight of the drill string, we find that the axis critical force will be obviously less than that under the static state, which will be very important in drill engineering applications.

综合考虑钻柱惯性离心力和自重的影响，我们发现，在工作状态下，钻柱的临界压力会明显地小于静态时的临界力，这对实际的钻探工程来说具有十分重要的指导意义。

In this paper, we describe the characteristics of near critical hydrocarbon system and summarize the development and application of empirical and unempirical EOS in near critical fluid about PVT phase analog. A lot of experiments should be done in the future in order to find out an EOS which is suited to near-critical hydrocarbon system and obtain a theoretical breakthrough.

对近临界流体的特殊性质进行了描述，并对近年来经典和非经典状态方程在近临界流体PVT相态特征模拟计算方面的发展及应用现状进行了总结，指出要找到适用于近临界流体的状态方程还有很多工作要做，需要大量的实验数据支持以及理论上的突破。

Be able to explode ignites （3000Till 4000 ℃,This also is living over-dose air and the numeric value when possesing remains waste gas only ,In case according to the ideal air/fuel ratio layout ,There is not waste gas ,The temperature gathering is taller ）Oil30 grams may be cause （90℃ tail gas preheats ）Steamization （Vaporization heat 2282.7J\g ）……At the respect of the pressure swelling ,Even if being in the critical of water （374℃）Condition ,Critical pressure 21.83MPa of water 、Carbon dioxide critical（31.1℃）Pressure 7.38MPa also is some -fold of a rule piston style explosive motor pressure 5--9MPa （Dalton's Law or the Law of Additive pressures）……For emploing the capacity means difference ,Therefore the composition is different as black and white .

一克爆燃（3000至4000摄氏度，这也只是在过量空气和有残余废气时的数值，如果按理想空燃比配置，没有废气，温度会更高）的油可以使30克（90摄氏度尾气预热）的水汽化（汽化热2282.7J\g）……从膨胀压力方面来说，即使处于水的临界（374摄氏度）状态，水的临界压力21.83MPa、二氧化碳的临界（31.1摄氏度）压力7。 38MPa也是常规活塞式内燃机压力5--9MPa的几倍（压力叠加定律，道尔顿定律）……因为用能方式不同，所以结构就截然不同。

To deal with RGVs systems with single rail and two di2 rections , forms of cycle2deadlock were also discussed....

在此基础上，针对单一轨道双向运行的轨道导引系统，探讨了其环路死锁的主要表现形式，给出了轨道导引小车无死锁运行的充要条件，并提出了包含临界状态在内的死锁避免控制策略。

This text expanded the magnetoelastic stability issue of current-carrying component from coil , pole piece to thin current-carrying plates, and used special function to differentiate the critical state of losing magnetoelastic steady, the number value of getting the relevant parameter is solved .

本文将载流构件磁弹性稳定问题由线圈、杆件拓展到载流薄板，并引入特殊函数判别磁弹性稳定问题的失稳临界状态，得到了相关参量的数值关系。

Based on "Fit For Service" and BS 7910, the engineering critical assessment of the cracks in the pontoons is performed, and the allowable maximum dimension of the cracks can be determined.

在此基础上，基于BS7910规范中'合于使用'原则，对裂纹的临界状态进行了分析和评定，为海洋环境条件下半潜式钻井平台浮箱表面裂纹的极限尺寸研究提供了一种科学的方法。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。