临界点

The results indicate that, in general, the critical temperature of the system becomes lower, compared with the 3D fluids, and is sensitive to the strength of the dipole moment, whereas the critical density shows an insignificant shift.

此外还考察了降低色散作用对系统汽液平衡性质的影响，发现降低色散作用会导致临界点下降，同时分子的偶极矩更加倾向处于分子所在的平面。

Second order differential inclusion; boundary condition; usc multivalued map; fixed point; monotone map; Yosida approximation; solution tube; upper-lower solutions; critical point; PS-condition; C-condition; Sobolev space

基础科学，数学，数学分析二阶微分包含；集值边界；上半连续集值映照；不动点；单调算子； Yosida逼近；解管道；上下解；临界点； PS-条件； C-条件； Sobolev空间

The second research has also got that a function of slopes to C values is monotone decreasing function when target circles are bigger than distractors circles.

研究二针对目标圆大于干扰子圆大的条件，得到的目标搜索斜率对C值的函数也是单调递减函数，并确定了平行搜索与系列搜索的临界点〓（0.497）。

In the rest of this dissertation, we apply our above abstract results,"global Morse theory"and other critical point theorems to some semilinear resonant elliptic boundary value problems as well as some asymptotically"linear"or super"linear"p-Laplacian equations, and obtain the existence or multiplicity of solutions.

在后半部分，我们运用上面的抽象结果，以及大范围Morse理论和其他临界点理论，研究一些半线性椭圆共振问题的多重解的存在性，以及一些渐近线性或超线性p-Laplacian方程的解的存在性或多重性。

By using saddle point reduction and Morse theory,we obtain an existence theorem of three periodic solutions for this equation.By means of E~+-Morse theory established by A.

本章还首次应用临界点理论研究中立型泛函微分方程的次调和解，在变分泛函中允许含有时滞变量，从而给出了研究这类方程周期解的新途径。

By constructing Morse-Smale complex over the physically less important subregions and proceeding by repeatedly removing a pair of critical points from the complex,the topological feature is simplified and smoothed,this method is based on the morse theory.

结合Morse理论在次要物理特征所在区域构造Morse-Smale复形，并通过对复形上一系列临界点对的删除，达到简化和平滑函数拓扑特征的目的。

What we are concerned about is the wetting behavior near the tricritical point and if the wetting transition exists.

现今我们所关心的是三临界点附近的湿透行为，以及是否有湿透转变的发生。

The joint effect of active and reactive power on the voltage stability of a typical power system was considered by analysing the two parameter bifurcation problem related to nonlinear oscillation phenomena. Numerically, as the active power P1 increases, the Hopf points get closer and eventually coincide at P1=1.455 43 the cyclic fold curve gets closer and closer to the Hopf curve and finally intersects the Hopf curve at a singular point the period-doubling points also get closer and finally coincide at P1≈0.65. The stability behaviour is pre-determined using the normal form approach near the limit point of the Hopf curve. Hence, in the power system attention should be paid to both the consumption of active power and the decrease in the reactive power to prevent nonlinear oscillations. A controller can be designed to absorb some active power and to avoid the nonlinear oscillations that damage the system components.

针对一个典型的单机无穷大电力系统，通过分析系统的双参数分岔的非线性振荡现象，综合考虑有功和无功功率对电压稳定性的影响数值分析表明，随着有功功率的增加，电力系统的Hopf点越来越靠近，最终合为一点在P1=1.455 43处同时圈折cyclic fold 曲线也越来越靠近Hopf曲线，并在Hopf曲线的稳定与不稳定临界点处与Hopf曲线相交倍周期分岔点也随着越来越靠近，最终在P1≈0.65 合为一点应用正规形理论方法，初步确定了Hopf曲线极限点附近的稳定性态因而，电力系统应注意让负荷利用有功功率，减少无功功率的产生以防止非线性振荡另外，可以设计一个稍微吸收网络的有功功率的控制器，以避免因周期振荡而造成电力系统仪器的损坏或电压崩溃

Later, we estimate our variational functional to get a nontrivial solution of the new equation and so the second solution for is obtained.

然后我们利用函数平移将原来的非齐次边界问题转化为奇次边界问题，验证了其对应的变分泛函满足不带条件的山路引理的两个条件，并给出了泛函临界点存在的一个充分条件，最后对具体的变分泛函进行估计，得到了新方程非平凡解的存在性结果，从而得到了原方程第二个正解的存在性结果。

The main results and novelties of the paper are as follows:Firstly, we study the existence of nontrivial solution for the following nonlinear equations with singular pontential By using variational methods and critical point theory, we construct linking type critical value of this kind of singular elliptic equations, with the properties of the eigenvalue, we estimate the critical value and prove the local condition holds to show the existence of the nontrivial solution.

论文的创新点及主要结果如下：首先研究有界区域上具有奇异位势的非线性方程的非平凡解的存在性，运用变分方法与临界点理论，构造这一类奇异椭圆方程的环绕型临界值，并由特征值的性质给出临界值的估计，同时证明局部条件成立，最终证明方程非平凡解的存在性。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。