临界强度

Because of the anisotropy of HTS, AC loss and the critical current of HTS tapes depend not only on the strength of magnetic field, but also on the orientation of the applied magnetic field.

由于高温超导体具有较强的各向异性，在外磁场中高温超导带材的临界电流与交流损耗既依赖于磁场的强度，又与磁场的方向有关。

The strength of materials are controlled by porosity,modulus of elasticity,fracture energy and critical flaw sizes.

材料的强度是受气孔率、弹性模量、断裂能和临界缺陷尺寸控制的。

The microcrystalline strengthening effect is obvious, due to the sample with fine grain size that was wintered at low temperature and owned good bending strength. At the same time, also due to fine grain sizes, only less tetragonal zirconia grain that their sizes exceeded critical phase transformation size and could change into monoclinal phase when suffering stress, indistinct effect of transformation toughening operated, hence lower fracture toughness was obtained.

由于其晶粒尺寸较小，细晶强化的效果非常明显，因此，材料具有较高的抗弯强度；同时，由于晶粒小，只有一部分晶粒可以达到临界相变尺寸，相变增韧的效果不明显，因此试样的断裂韧性较低。

The relationship between subcritical crack velocity and stress intensity factor is obtained. And the fracture toughness is (1.508 4±0.114 3) MN·m-3/2. The multiple correlation coefficient is 0.925 4, which shows that the curve of lgKI-lgvis linear magnificently, and the high discretion of data is caused by mineral composition, separator size and mechanical property of rock itself.

得出采场矿岩亚临界裂纹扩展速度与应力强度因子之间的关系，矿岩断裂韧度为(1.508 4±0.114 3) MN·m-3/2；试验相关系数为0.925 4，表明lgKI-lgv关系曲线呈直线，数据离散性大是岩石本身的矿物成分、颗粒大小、力学性质的不均匀所致。

In this paper, based on the triaxial test, it is discovered that the structured loess has special mechanical effect of shearing strain rate, and it is proved that the structured loess also has the phenomena of strain rate softening. The CU shear strength and cohesion c increase at first, then decrease with the increase of strain rate, and a critical rate exists; the angel of internal friction doesn't change visibly with the strain rate.

通过结构性黄土三轴试验研究，发现结构性黄土具有独特的剪应变速率力学效应，"应变速率软化"现象同样存在于结构性黄土中；其CU剪切强度和凝聚力c随剪应变率的增大而呈现先增大后减小的特征，存在临界速率现象，而内摩擦角随剪切速率的增大基本上呈线性减小的趋势。

The expression of rainfall threshold considering both the rainfall intensity and rainfall process was established.

建立了同时考虑降雨强度和降雨过程的降雨临界值表达式。

Expression considering both the rainfall intensity and rainfall threshold during the rainfall is established.

通过滑坡点与降雨量及降雨过程之间的统计分析，建立了同时考虑降雨强度和降雨过程的降雨临界值表达式。

The results showed that both the break point on the Ia-c curve and the minimum of the derivative variation corresponding to the λa-c curve agreed very well with the critical micelle concentration of the surfactant in aqueous solution as measured by surface tension technique.

以对二甲氨基苯甲腈为探针，测定它在表面活性剂(C12TABr、SDS、C12E23、C12-3-12·2Br)水溶液中的第二重荧光强度和对应的特征波长对表面活性剂浓度曲线，由Ia-c 曲线的转折点或λa-c曲线对应的一阶导数极小点可以获得临界胶团浓度。

The results were found as following:(1) The damage value increases more significantly with the increase in PVF before 30% PVF, beyond which the increasing trend becomes gradually gentle.(2)Keeping the interphase strength and PVF unchanged, the damage increase with increasing moisture concentration in a nearly linear relation.(3)The results generated from the FCC model with consideration of the interphase debonding are in good agreement with the experimental data, meanwhile, the FCC model is also capable of predicting the critical load for the damaged and the undamaged dental composite subject too the 3-point flexural test.4 A 3D-fmite element analysis has been successfully exploited to examine the mechanical behavior of the restoration-tooth structure under the polymerization shrinkage and water sorption. It was found:(1) The low stiffness of the composite has the effect to limit the displacement occurring in the remaining tooth tissue. For lower interphase, the cuspal flexures are litter higher. The high interphase modulus acts as a \'shielding effect\' for stress transfer.

得到如下结论：(1)相同的吸湿性，在30％PVF(颗粒体积分数：Particle volume fraction，PVF)前增加PVF，层间脱胶损伤值显著增加；此后损伤值的增加趋于平缓；(2)保持层间强度和PVF不变，层间脱胶损伤随吸湿率的增加而接近线性增加；(3)FCC(面心立方：Face-centred cubic，FCC)模型层间脱胶损伤的预测结果和实验数据基本吻合；同时此模型可以用于预测牙齿填充材料三点弯曲实验的临界载荷。4、建立理想牙齿修复结构，利用有限元方法研究了同时考虑聚合收缩和吸湿膨胀耦合作用下的填充修复材料和粘结界面层材料性能对牙齿修复结构的力学行为的影响，得到如下结论：(1)低弹性模量的牙齿填充修复材料能限制天然牙组织的位移，但天然牙组织的位移与粘结界面层的弹性模量无关。

In the result, the a critical value of the segment sectional deformation and minimum formable radial radius of curvature with maintaining the suitable sectional bending rigidity of each segment were , respectively, determined under the forming present process conditions investigated.

最后，通过对变形过程的研究，各段变形的临界值和保证弯管各段有适当的弯曲强度的最小变形曲率半径被分别确定。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。