丰碑

This seminar introduces methods for the structural analysis of historical monuments, including masonry, timber, iron, steel, and concrete structures. Short lectures will be followed by discussion sessions, together with weekly readings and a series of smaller assignments. Each student will write a final paper on a topic of their choosing. Final papers may be predominantly historical, with structural analysis to support the main arguments, or predominantly structural, with historical analysis to provide context.

概论该课程介绍了对历史丰碑上有名建筑的结构分析方法，涵盖了石材、木材、钢材、铁和混凝土结构等，课堂内以讨论的形式进行（结合每周的阅读和一系列小作业），每个学生自选主题写一篇论文作为期末论文，论文需用结构分析的方式去论证主要观点以体现显著的历史性，或者以历史分析的方式结合历史环境去表达其显著的结构特点。

This seminar introduces methods for the structural analysis of historical monuments, including masonry, timber, iron, steel, and concrete structures. Short lectures will be followed by discussion sessions, together with weekly readings and a series of smaller assignments. Each student will write a final paper on a topic of their choosing. Final papers may be predominantly historical, with structural analysis to support the main arguments, or predominantly structural, with historical analysis to provide context.

概论该课程介绍了对历史丰碑上有名建筑的结构分析方法，涵盖了石材、木材、铁、钢材和混凝土结构等，课堂内以讨论的形式进行（结合每周的阅读和一系列小作业），每个学生自选主题写一篇论文作为期末论文，论文需用结构分析的方式去论证主要观点以体现显著的历史性，或者以历史分析的方式结合历史环境去表达其显著的结构特点。

The mid-eighteenth century novel A Dream of Red Mansions by Cao Xueqin(approx.1715—1763)is a monumental work in the history of Chinese literature.

18世纪中叶，曹雪芹的长篇小说《红楼梦》问世，在中国文学发展史上，树立了一座辉煌灿烂的艺术丰碑。

On A Dream of Red Mansions The mid-eighteenth century novel A Dream of Red Mansions by Cao Xueqin(approx.1715— 1763)is a monumental work in the history of Chinese literature.

红楼梦》简介 18 世纪中叶，曹雪芹的长篇小说《红楼梦》问世，在中国文学发展史上，树立了一座辉煌灿烂的艺术丰碑。

COMMUNIST MANIFESTO is a great milestone in the history of mankind, with theories of "two inevitabilities" as its crucial theme. It provides the general principles for all the mature works of Marx and Engels, and the key to understanding Marxism. It also sheds light on how we should treat Marxism. The fact that the "two inevitabilities" have not come true in Western countries does not affect the scientific nature of Marxism. The turmoils in East Europe do not symbolize failure of Marxism....

本文认为：《共产党宣言》是屹立在人类历史上的一座丰碑，其核心是关于&两个必然性&的理论，它构成了马克思恩格斯全部成熟著作的纲领和红线，是理解什么是马克思主义的关键，也为我们如何对待马克思主义提供了有益的启示；西方国家没有实现&两个必然性&，并不影响马克思主义的科学性，苏东剧变不是马克思主义的失败，而是背弃马克思主义的失败，而在中国，&两个必然性&的理论已经实现并在继续实现，这些都表明，《共产党宣言》的基本思想并不是乌托邦，而是科学社会主义学说。

New for 2010 is this beast of a timepiece they call the "Monumental Tourbillon"(sometimes called the Mega Tourbillon).

这是2010年新的计时器的野兽，他们称之为&丰碑陀飞轮&（有时也被称为超级陀飞轮）。

These reportages have set up the historical monumental work of the Long March and have also become the valuable teaching material for the youth generation to learn the spirit of the Long March.

这几部报告文学，树立了长征的历史丰碑，成为中国青年一代学习长征精神的珍贵教材。

Ernest Hemingway (1899-1961) Facts Birthplace: Oak Park, Chicago Major works: Farewell to Arms, Old Man and the Sea Prizes awarded: Nobel Prize for Literature Death: Suffered from a shadow of his physical and intellectual health and committed suicide on July 2, 1961 by placing the barrel of a twelve-gauge shotgun in his mouth and pulling the trigger.

提示一：他的生命和文字已经激动了整整一代人及其后世。提示二：海明威是美利坚民族的精神丰碑。提示三：他在身体上企求生存，而在心理上却渴望死亡。

The spirit of "to do a project, a monument tree" spirit.

本着&做一个项目，树一座丰碑&的精神。

Within the park system, monuments to the grief and glory of U.S. armed conflicts stand in mute eloquence at Baltimore's Fort McHenry, Pennsylvania's Gettysburg, the USS Arizona in Hawaii's Pearl Harbor and the District of Columbia's Vietnam Memorial.

美国国家公园中还有记述着美国辉煌与悲壮的军事史的碑园，巴尔的摩的麦克亨利堡、宾夕法尼亚州的葛底斯堡、夏威夷珍珠港的美国亚利桑那号战舰以及哥伦比亚特区的越战纪念碑，都是一座座默默无语的丰碑。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。