中骨

CGRP can promote the vascularization and the formation of bone by upregulating the expression and activity of NOS.

在下颌骨骨折愈合中神经缺失改变骨痂了中CGRP的表达及其作用于NOS的表达和酶活性，从而影响骨痂的微血管生成和矿化成骨量，不利于骨折愈合。

Results: Compare to model group, BMD of general and vertebral column,maximum load and flexibility of bone rise obviously in animal of high, middle, low dose of Epimedium pubescens Maxim groups.

结果 与模型组，柔毛淫羊藿高、中、低剂量组动物的全身及脊柱骨密度升高；柔毛淫羊藿高、中、低剂量组动物的骨最大载荷和骨挠度升高。

Comclusion: transpetrous presigmoid retrolabrinth approach was rational approach for surgery on petroclivus and -4- CPA; it抯 important for accomplish the surgery to study and master the anatomy and variance of this approach; there was relative anatomical relationship among those structure on posterior of petrous bone; AAMP was the extracranial mark of inflexion of TS and SS; LAM and PSC were obvious bone marks for operation; we can confirm the abraded range of petrous bone lean upon LAM and/or GSS beside abrading step by step as literature, and it抯 unnecessary and unrational to emphasize to show PSC if the surgical space was enough; preceding sigmoid sinus and high jugular bulb often appeared at right and would bring disadvantage effect; interspace ,between CN V and CNVII or CNVII and CNJXI, were available to reach clivus and manage the mass on the range.

经SS前迷路后入路是处理岩斜坡区、桥小脑角区病变理想的手术入路；研究和熟悉手术入路中的解剖结构及部分变异对指导手术十分必要；岩骨内测面的骨性结构之间有着相对稳定的空间关系；顶乳缝前角是SS和TS转接处在颅外的标志；IAM和PSC等结构可以作为手术中的重要骨性标志；以PSC确定岩骨的磨除范围是较安全和可靠的，但亦可以结合影像检查，以内耳道和乙状窦前缘为基点判定切除范围，如果操作空间足够，过分强调磨出半规管是不适当的；右侧GSS的宽度和深度较对侧大，SS前置和颈静脉球高位较对侧多见，这些都对右侧入路有不利的影响，但仍可以进行手术操作；三叉神经和面神经间隙及面l 神经和舌咽神经间隙方便到达斜坡并处理病变。l

AMELX, AMBN and ENAM are the major matrix proteins of enamel, and play different roles during different developing stages of tooth germs. AMELX may facilitate the growth of crystals in the early mineral stage, and act in the repairing of bone. AMBN may promote the mineralization of enamel matrix, and also keep the shape and size of crystals. ENAM may act in remineralization and promoting the growth of crystals.

AMELX、AMBN和ENAM为主要的釉质基质蛋白，在牙胚发育的不同阶段有不同的调节矿化的作用，AMELX在釉质矿化早期促进晶体生长，而其在骨中的表达则进一步表明其在骨修复中可能的作用；AMBN促进釉质基质矿化，并维持晶体形状、大小；ENAM促进和维持晶体生长，并与再矿化有关。

Non-occluding teeth with a hypofunctional periodontium have a lower rate of bone remodeling, and are more susceptible to the injury in periodontal tissues caused by orthodontic force than normally occluding teeth, such as hyalinization or undermining bone resorption, even dentin resorption.

正畸治疗中，无咬合接触的牙周膜废用性萎缩牙较正常咬合接触牙对矫治力反应差，骨改建率低，易发生玻璃样变和潜掘性骨吸收，延缓牙移动，因此对无咬合接触牙的临床治疗中应采用轻力。

To address more specifically the mechanisms involved in cortical bone healing, we created drill-hole defects in the cortex of mouse femur, a lesion that triggers intramembranous repair, and compared the roles of bone sialoprotein and osteopontin, two proteins of the extracellular matrix, in the repair process.

为了更具体的了解皮质骨修复过程的机制，我们在小鼠股骨上制造了一个钻孔缺损，这一损伤能引发股骨的膜内修复，并比较细胞外基质中的两种蛋白骨涎蛋白和骨桥蛋白在这一修复过程中的作用。

PPO gene was not detected in the multiple myelome、 malignant fibrous histiocytoma 、malignant lymphoma、malignant neurosarcoma、solitary plasmacytoma of bone、primitive neuroectodermal tumors、lipoma、 osteosarcoma and sarcoenchondroma.

PPO基因在多发性骨髓瘤、恶性纤维组织细胞瘤、恶性淋巴瘤、恶性神经肉瘤、孤立性浆细胞肉瘤、原始神经外胚瘤、脂肪瘤、骨及软骨肉瘤等肿瘤中没有表达。在骨巨细胞瘤中有微弱表达。

BACKGROUND: Odontogenic infection factor has been given much importance in the study of the etiology of secondary trigeminal neuralgia,and the theory of jaw bone cavities is proposed.

背景：三叉神经痛的发病原因中因牙源性感染因素所致，在继发三叉神经痛的病因学研究中愈来愈受到重视，并提出了颌骨骨腔病变学说。

Osteogenic factors play an important role in the process of bone formation and bone-related diseases.

成骨因子在骨形成过程及骨相关疾病过程中发挥重要的作用，越来越多的成骨因子已用于临床及骨组织工程研究中，其效果已经得到了临床证实。

As results, TEM showed characteristic ultrastructure morphology of apoptosis cell with chromatin marginal condense, nucleus pycnosis, mitochondrion vacuoles and cell shrinkage in IR injury group and no apoptosis cells in control group. Increased TUNEL-positive cell and typical DNA laddering were found and cells apoptotic rate were approximately 20% by flow cytometry assay in experimental groups.

值得探讨。本试验通过流式细胞仪、生物电镜、TUNEL法、RT-PCR以及DNA电泳等试验方法研究了带血供同种异体骨移植过程的细胞凋亡现象，并检测了Fas、FasL、Caspase-1、Caspase-3、Bcl-2等凋亡相关基因在IR损伤时的表达及变化情况，初步探讨了骨移植时IR损伤中细胞凋亡的发生机制及其在IR损伤中的生物学意义，希望为今后更深入的研究打下一定基础。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。