中骨

Roentgenographic and histologic observation confirmed that bBMP had efficient bone morphogenetic activity.

论文第一部分参照杨连甲的方法从小牛骨基质中提取bBMP，经SDS-PAGE电泳分析，bBMP保留有BMP活性蛋白成分，植入小鼠股部肌肉后的X线及组织学观察发现，所提取的bBMP具有较高的骨诱导活性，诱导成骨的时间和过程与以往的报道一致。bBMP诱导骨形成过程呈现连续又具显著的阶段性，本研究结合组织学和组织化学观察的特点，将其全过程分为四个时期。

During the operation, a drill, 4.5 mm diameter, was used to drill a hole on the lateral ankle; one anchor was drilled into the talus at the end of anterior talofibular ligament, another one was threaded on the calcaneus; the allogeneic tendon was permeated through the hole on the lateral ankle, maintaining ankle neutral and moderate valgus position.

术中应用4.5 mm直径的钻头在外踝处打孔，在距腓韧带的距骨止点处拧入锚钉一枚，在跟骨跟腓韧带止点处拧入锚钉一枚，然后将异体肌腱在外踝骨孔处穿过，维持踝关节于伸曲中立位和中度外翻位，将肌腱的两端分别用锚钉的尾线缝合固定，术后石膏托固定踝关节于伸曲中立位和轻度外翻位。

The tibiae of the rats were kept for the samples of decalcification, IGF-1 in bone tissue was measured by immunohistochemistry and Enzyme linked-immuno-sorbent assay was used to detect the TGF- P 1, IL-6, IL-1 P and TNF- a in serum.

结果 成骨细胞呈线状排列于骨小梁的边缘，细胞因子IGF-1表达于成骨细胞胞浆，骨细胞、软骨细胞及骨基质中也存在IGF-1。不同部位的成骨细胞IGF-1的表达量并不一致，卵巢切除及PTH注射对不同部位成骨细胞IGF-1表达的影响也不一样。

The trabecularism is important necrosis diagnosis. Medical specialists are interested in the improvement of minutia detection by image enhancement method of high-pass. The new fast high-pass filter can enhance the trabecularism in clinical applications. Its fast characteristic is helpful in clinic, and it performs better than Butterworth filter method does for image enhancement in clinical applications.

股骨头X线片中的骨小梁结构对于诊断与治疗股骨头坏死疾病有着非常重要的参考价值，用合适的高通滤波算法来增强骨小梁的细节检测能力是令人感兴趣的，实验表明，这一高通滤波算法适合于增强股骨头图象的骨小梁结构，它的快速特点使它适合在临床中使用。

RESULTS: After six weeks of implantation, x-ray film showed high-density signal, osteoid tissue formed under histological examination. Large amount of new bone were formed and connected to trabecularism 8 weeks after implantation in the experimental group.

结果 实验组6 周时大体标本浅红色， X 线片有较高密度阻射影像，组织学检查可见有新骨形成； 8 周时大体标本呈红色，质硬， X 线阻射影像密度更高，镜下可见大量新骨形成并相互连接成骨小梁样结构，骨细胞位于陷窝中。

Lytic defects have been reported with both stable and loose uncemented prostheses.75 In the late 1970s, several researchers76,77 made important initial contributions to knowledge about the role of particles generated by joint prostheses in the pathogenesis of osteolysis and aseptic loosening.

在稳定的和松动的非骨水泥假体中均发现溶解性骨缺损。19世纪70年代晚期，很多研究者都发现了由关节假体产生的磨损颗粒在骨溶解和无菌性松动的发生上起到的作用。

Of the 32 articles, 4 were about the selection of destination genes, 3 about the selection of target cells, 7 about the selection of gene expression vector, 3 about the methods of gene transfer, 4 about gene therapy combined with tissue engineering in treating bone defect, 5 about polygenes in treating bone defects, and 2 about the problems and prospects in the gene therapy of bone defect.

符合纳入标准的32篇文献中，4篇涉及目的基因的选择，3篇涉及靶细胞的选择，7篇涉及基因表达载体的选择，3篇涉及基因转移方法，4篇涉及基因治疗与组织工程结合治疗骨缺损，5篇涉及多基因联合治疗骨缺损，2篇涉及骨缺损基因治疗存在的问题与展望。

Bone damage can be induced in rats fed with calcium-deficiency diet and fluoridized water in short term, with decreased calcium content, and the changes of chemical element in bone participate in the pathogenesis of fluorosis, and this suggestes that multiple factor is involved in the development of fluorosis.

染氟和低钙可导致大鼠骨损伤，骨中化学元素的改变参与了氟中毒的发病机制，说明氟骨症的形成是多因素作用的结果。

Osteoid osteomas usually occur in the axial skeleton in bone cortex of young males in the second decade of life.

骨样骨瘤常见于十几岁男性中轴骨骼的骨皮质。

These results demonstrated that estrogen deficiency after ovariectomy increased in bone resorbing activity present in bon marrow supernatants and it were mediated partially by endogeneous IL6, Suppression for IL-6 production were involvement in the mechanism of estrogen replacement therapy inhibiting bone loss in estrogen deficiency.

这些结果提示，卵巢切除导致内源性骨吸收因子IL-6产生增加，并且IL-6在骨吸收增加中起着关键作用，雌激素抗骨吸收作用部分是通过降低IL-6产生而介导的。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。