中间产物

In the heterolytic electrophilic substitution, the stability of the intermediate strongly affects the activation energy.

P101 在异裂亲电取代反应中，中间产物的稳定性对反应活化能有很大影响。

With intermediates 1,ω-hexadecanediol and ω-bromo pentadecanol as starting materials,ω-bromo hexadecanoic acid and ω-bromo octadecanoic acid were prepared in four and seven steps of reactions separately.

分别以1，ω-十五烷二酸和1，ω-十六烷二酸为原料，各经过四步有机反应，制备了ω-碘代十六烷酸及含十四、十五、十六碳原子的ω-溴代直链脂肪酸；再以中间产物15-溴代十五烷醇、1，ω-十六烷二醇为原料，各经过四步、七步有机反应，制备了ω-溴代十六烷酸及ω-溴代十八烷酸。

Aminonocyclobutanecarboxylic acid is prepared according to above route, starting from 1-bromocyclobutanecarboxylic acid, which uses hexamethylenamine as catalyst in isopropyl alcohol.

再以1-溴代环丁甲酸为原料，以异丙醇作溶剂，乌洛托品为催化剂，与氨气反应，制备出1-氨基环丁甲酸，并优化了中间产物及最终产品的制备工艺。

These conditions included original material source, reagent ratio, base solutions, power of the microwave, reaction time and so on.2, Chitosan obtained from above was modified by Schiff base type macrocycles, which was prepared by the reaction of the reagents of salicylaldehyde, glacial acetic acid, hydrobromic acid, chloroepoxy propane and the others.

反应的最优化条件为：物料比1：25；反应时间20min；NaOH溶液浓度为50%；微波功率为450w。 2、利用原料水杨醛、氢溴酸、冰醋酸等采用四步法合成了含羟基的Schiff碱型大环化合物，然后以取代方法将此Schiff碱型大环化合物负载到壳聚糖上，得到具有特殊结构与性能的壳聚糖衍生物，并得到各中间产物的红外光谱图。

Phosphorus generation fully originates from reduction reaction of hypophosphorous during EN process.

利用量子化学软件高斯03(G03)分子轨道理论中的从头计算法，计算了次亚磷酸在还原过程中可能的中间产物和过渡态的振动频率和总能量。

In the body, chitin can be digest through by enzyme and is a low immunogenetic poly-saccharide.

壳糖是一种身体可吸收性材料，具有生体可相容性及生体可降解性，并且经由一些体内的酵素分解产生中间产物具有免疫赋活性。

At first, urea decomposed into isocyanic acid, which interacted with ZnO to form a relatively steady isocyanate species. Then propylene glycol reacted with isocyanate species to form hydroxypropyl carbamate, and the HPC lost ammonia to form PC.

结果表明，该反应是分步进行的，首先尿素分解生成氨气和异氰酸，异氰酸与ZnO作用形成异氰酸物种，在丙二醇的作用下生成中间产物羟丙基氨基甲酸酯，然后由HPC脱氨气生成PC。

A HPLC method has been developed for the simultaneous determination of 4-methylbenzy- lalcohol,p-tolualdehyde,4-caboxybenzaldehyde,benzoic acid,p-toluie acid,terephthalic acid,o- phthalic acid and isophthalic acid in the residue from purification of terephthalic acid.

其残渣中含有再利用价值很高的中间产物：4一甲基苯甲醇(4一MBA)，对甲基苯甲醛(P一tolual-dehyde)，4一竣基苯甲醛(4一CBA)，苯甲酸，对甲基苯甲酸，对苯二甲酸，邻苯二甲酸，间苯二甲酸等。

If 0.01 M sodium malonate is added to actively respiring mitochondria that are using pyruvate as fuel source, respiration soon stops and a metabolic intermediate accumulates.

如果0.01M丙二酸钠加入到以丙酮酸为能源并正在进行活跃呼吸作用的线粒体中，呼吸作用很快停止，代谢中间产物累积下来。

The experimental results proved the intermediate product of H2S in the leaching of marmatite. The results also showed that oxygen, element sulfur disperser as well as chloride ions could accelerate the electrochemical oxidation of marmatite in sulfuric acid. The electrochemical oxidation of sphalerite was retarded but that of marmatite was promoted with the increase of acidity.

结果表明：在铁闪锌矿浸出过程中有H2S中间产物生成；通氧、元素硫分散剂以及氯离子引入浸出体系均能明显促进铁闪锌矿的电化学氧化；随硫酸浓度升高，铁闪锌矿的电化学氧化不断加强而闪锌矿的电化学氧化受抑。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。