中种皮

The invention relates to a method for the extraction of keratin from dead animal skins, characterised in the treatment of dead animal skins with a substance of general formula, or at least one corresponding alkali metal, earth alkali metal, ammonium, or phosphonium salt, the variables having the following definitions: R, R = together or independently, H, C6-C14 aryl, C1-C12 alkyl, unsubstituted or substituted with one or several SH or OH groups, R, R = together or independently, H, C6-C14 aryl, C1-C12 alkyl, unsubstituted or substituted with one or several SH or OH groups, whereby at least one of R or R is not H, or R and R are not H and two vicinal groups of R to R together may be C3-C10 alkylene, R = H, C1-C12 alkyl, H-C=O or C1-C4-Alkyl-C=O, X, X, X and X = OH, SH or NHR, whereby where Rto R contains at least one sulphur atom, at least one of X to X = SH and where R to R contains no sulphur atom, at least two of X to X= SH.

本发明涉及一种从死亡动物原皮中除去角质的方法，其特征在于用通式I的物质或至少一种对应的碱金属盐、碱土金属盐、铵盐或∴盐处理死亡动物原皮，式I中各变量定义如下：R 1 和R 4 相同或不同且选自氢、C 6 -C 14 芳基和C 1 -C 12 烷基，其未被取代或被一个或多个SH或OH基团取代；R 2 和R 3 相同或不同且选自氢、C 6 -C 14 芳基和C 1 -C 12 烷基，其未被取代或被一个或多个SH或OH基团取代，其中至少一个基团R 2 或R 3 不为氢，或R 1 和R 4 不为氢，且两个相邻基团R 1 -R 4 可以一起为C 3 -C 10 亚烷基；R 5 选自氢、C 1 -C 12 烷基、H-C＝O或C 1 -C 4 烷基-C＝O；X 1 、X 2 、X 3 和X 4 选自OH、SH和NHR 5 ，其中若R 1 -R 4 含有至少一个硫原子，则至少一个基团X 1 -X 4 为SH，以及若R 1 -R 4 不含硫原子，则至少两个基团X 1 -X 4 为SH。

The orange osmanthus skin-traditional Chinese medicine being taken as raw material, the active ingredient-phenol was extracted with the method of steam distillation and then the derivative of paeonol-aminoethanol and 2,4-dinitrophenyl hydrazone was synthesized. The structural characterization of the derivatives carried out was identified and the test in the anti-bacterial role of three kinds of gram-negative and positive bacteria was done with the method of agar diffusion.

方法］以丹皮为原料，用水蒸气蒸馏法从中药丹皮中提取活性成分丹皮酚，进而合成丹皮酚缩乙醇胺和2，4-二硝基苯腙衍生物，对衍生物进行了结构表征，并采用琼脂扩散法，对3种革兰氏阴性菌、阳性菌进行了抑菌性试验。

Under light microscope, on H-E stain section, four types cells can be distinguish: cells with weak basophilic fibrillar elements; cells with acidophilic granular substance; cells with strong basophilic fibrillar elements and ciliated cells. In the basal lamina region under gland epithelium, there are a few connective tissue; Surface view of the hypobranchial gland could be see by scanning electron microscope, there are cilia and different kinds of secretions distributed. Ultrastructure of the hypobranchial gland could be understand by transmission electron microscope, supporting cells, sensory cells and seven types gland cell were observed to form the glandular epithelium; cells with much rough endoplasmic reticulum,smooth muscle fiber and nerve endings were found beneath glandular epithelium, among basal lamina region.

光镜下H-E染色切片中腺上皮区仅可以区分出四种类型的细胞：弱嗜碱性纤维样细胞、强嗜碱性纤维样细胞、嗜酸性颗粒分泌细胞和纤毛细胞等；腺上皮下的基底膜区有少量结缔组织存在；扫描电镜下可以观察到鳃下腺表面的纤毛及腺细胞的分泌物等情况；透射电镜下观察到腺上皮中有支持细胞、感觉细胞和7种类型的腺细胞；近基底膜区观察到富含粗面内质网的细胞；基底膜间为薄层疏松结缔组织，内含肌细胞及神经末梢等结构。

The two components were measured by excitation-emission matrix fluospectroscopy both in simulated and real system. The results of measured data, which were resolved by alternating trilinear decomposition method . It was shown that it was feasible and simple method in the determination of two main components in the complex cortex fraxini without pretreatment and separation.

利用三维荧光进行测定，然后利用交替三线性分解算法对该数据进行分解，模拟样本和实际样本分辨和回归结果表明，在秦皮中其它荧光背景干扰共存下，可实现对秦皮萃取液中两种主要成分秦皮甲素和秦皮乙素的同时分辨和定量测定。

Important advance was made to Celastrus and ceangulin V after 20 years studies, but the target of Celangulin V was not verified and the metabolic dynamic of Celangulin V in organism was not touched because of the technique difficulty in testing and analysis of trace Celangulin V in organism. It will solve the difficulty that establishing the immunoassay of Celangulin V. The immunoassay of Celangulin V including the synthesis of artificial antigen, the preparation of antiserum, the immunoanalysis location of Celangulin V and the quantitative immunoassay of C'elangulin V were studied systematicly in this paper.

苦皮藤素Ⅴ是从卫矛科植物苦皮藤中分离出的一种具有杀虫活性的天然产物，可能作用于一类新的作用靶标。20多年对苦皮藤及苦皮藤素Ⅴ的研究已取得了重要进展，但迄今还没有证实苦皮藤素Ⅴ的作用靶标，对苦皮藤素Ⅴ在生物体内的药代动力学研究也尚未涉及，这些方面的研究因为对痕量苦皮藤素Ⅴ在生物体内分析、检测存在技术方法上的困难而受到限制，建立苦皮藤素Ⅴ的免疫分析技术则可解决这些问题。

The compounds were identified by physical and spectroscopic techniques.Result:Six compounds were isolated and identified as 4,4′-biisofraxidin(1),esculetin(2),fraxetin(3),scoparone(4),isofraxidin(5),scopoletin(6),respectively.Conclusion:Compound 1 is a novel natural product.

结果：首次从草珊瑚干燥全草中分离得到6种具有抗菌活性的香豆精类化学成分，分别为4，4′-双异嗪皮啶(4，4′-biisofraxidin，1)，秦皮乙素(esculetin，2)，秦皮素(fraxetin，3)，滨蒿内酯(scoparone，4)，异嗪皮啶(isofraxidin，5)，东莨菪内酯(scopoletin，6)。

These cancer cells might histogenetically be related to the transitional or metaplastic epithelium of prostate according to morphological analysis,(2) Mucinous adenocarcinoma, Xanthomatous carcinoma, ductal carcinoma, medullary carcinoma, endometrioid carcinoma, papillary carcinoma and signet-ring cell carcinoma were positive for PSA and 35βH11, these carcinomas might histogenetically be related to prostatic secretory epithelium,(3) Prostatic carcinoid showed positive to PSA, 35βH11, NSE and CgA, corresponded with endocrine cell originator,(4) Small cell carcinoma were negative for PSA, 35βH11, NSE and CgA, whether or not it originates from endocrine cells, storage cells or basal cell of prostate had yet to be proved,(5) 34βE12 marking was negative in cancerous areas of 27 cases, and the basal cells were absent in PPTC.

从形态分析，这两种癌可能同源于移行上皮或化生上皮：（2）粘液腺癌、黄色瘤样癌、导管癌、髓样癌、宫内膜样癌、乳头状癌及印戒细胞癌均显PSA及35βH11阳性，提示这几种癌可能来源于分泌上皮，（3）类癌对PSA、35βH11、NSE及CgA均显阳性，符合内分泌细胞来源，（4）小细胞癌无PSA、NSE及CgA表达，对c-erbB-2及35βH11显阳性，是否来源于前列腺内分泌细胞、储备细胞或基细胞有待证实，（5）27例癌区均无34βE12表达，提示PPTC中基细胞缺失。

The surveyed results show that as compared to the uncovered vegetation area, the existence of soil microbiotic crusts in the Tengger Desert region significantly increases the diversity and abundance of insect species, especially the diversity and abundance in the quadrats mainly covered by moss and lichen crusts are significantly higher than those in the quadrats mainly covered by cyanobacteria and algal crusts.

结果表明：与无结皮覆盖的植被区相比，生物土壤结皮在地表的覆盖显著地增加了昆虫的多样性和种的丰富度，其中以苔藓和地衣为主的结皮覆盖的植被样方中昆虫种的多样性和丰富度显著地高于以蓝藻和藻类为主的结皮样方。

Methods To tind the four kinds of methods that deal with the bare wound area on the skin flap pedicle,by reviewing operative methods that hand's skin imperfect is repaired by distant smaller random pattern skin flap（No including nearer fingers skin flap）in the treatment process of hand's injury in the author's hand surgery in the nearer three years,the four kinds of methods are:the pedicle is swed up to tube;Accepted wound skin edge nearly the pedicle and supplying wound skin edge are sewed up;Theskin flap's pedicle injury area is bared,and then bind up by Vaseline gauze;The fourth method is replanting free skin on the pedicle's injury area.

笔者复习了在手外科近3年来，在手外伤患者治疗过程中，应用远位（如胸腹、鱼际侧或另一肢体）微小随意带蒂皮瓣（是指皮瓣宽度在2.0cm以内的小皮瓣）修复手指部皮肤缺损的手术方法，发现在处理皮瓣蒂部处裸露创面上存在着4种不同的方法，这4种方法分别是：将蒂部缝合成管状，将受区蒂部侧皮缘与供区伤口缝合，将皮瓣蒂部创面裸露，用凡士林纱布包扎，第4种方法是在皮瓣蒂部创面上移值游离皮片。

objective in order to exploit the natural resources of chinese herbs,the inhibitive effects of the compositions of28chinese herbs on the growth of8common bacteria in oral cavity were determined.methods sen-sitive test of these bacteria were carried out by mtt method.at the same time,chessboard dilution method was used for combined sensitive test.results the compositions of28chinese herbs can inhibit the growth of5bacteria in dif-ferent levels,but the effects on other3bacteria are not obvious.quercetin and usnic acid have better effects on5bacteria than other26herbs compositions,with mic0.03125～0.125mg/ml and0.0156～0.0625mg/ml.conclu-sion quercetin and usnic acid can inhibit the5bacteria growth more effectively than other26herbs compositions.

目的 测试28种中药有效成分抑制8种口腔常见致病菌的作用，为抗菌中药有效成分用于口腔感染性疾病的防治做一些探讨。方法选择28种有抗菌作用的中药的有效成分，采用噻唑蓝法对8种口腔常见致病菌作药物敏感实验，同时采用液体棋盘稀释法进行联合药敏实验。结果 28种中药有效成分对3种牙周细菌抑制作用不明显，对另5种口腔常见细菌有一定的抑制作用，其中松萝酸和槲皮素有较强的抑菌作用，mic值分别在0.0156～0.0625mg/ml和0.3125～0.125mg/ml之间。结论所选28种中药成份中，松萝酸和槲皮素具有较强的抑菌作用。

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。