中柱

A new method using gel permeation chromatographic cleanup followed by high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry has been established for quantitative determination of Maleic hydrazide,Prowl and butralin residues in tobacco.

建立了用凝胶渗透色谱净化-液相色谱-串联质谱分析烟草中3种抑芽剂残留的方法。卷烟中的待测抑芽剂组分用V∶V=1∶1超声提取后通过凝胶渗透色谱净化；凝胶色谱柱为Biobeads S-X3玻璃柱(50 g，400 mm×25 mm)，流动相为V∶V=1∶1溶液，流速5 mL/min；收集第10~25 min流出的液体用液相色谱色谱-三重四极杆串联质谱仪测定。

In order to overcome the shortage of conformable precision, polyamide affinity membrane modified by cibacron blue F3GA was introduced into the pretreatment unit to get rid of interferer from large molecule such as albumin in serum. The affinity membrane was combined with micro-fluidic chip by embedded and external methods and using external-combination pretreatment unit, average enrichment was 89.36 times, RSD was 4.37%.

为了提高测试的精密度，进而设计含膜复合式预处理芯片，探讨了不同预处理单元对血清样品中痕量盐酸多巴酚丁胺富集效率的影响，优化设计了外接式硅胶整体柱－亲和膜微芯片固相萃取预处理单元，复合式的反相硅胶整体柱对血清中微量盐酸多巴酚丁胺的平均富集倍数提高到89.4，RSD为4.37%。

Vesic's solutions to cavity expansion that include cylindrical cavity expansion and spherical cavity expansion are introduced. Then cylindrical cavity expansion theory is applied to study compaction effect of pile driving in saturated soil. Based on the results of conventional triaxial tests, a trilinear curve model is used to simulate stress-strain curve of strain-softening materials. Meanwhile, trilinear curves are also used to simulate curves of volumetric strain, minor principal strain and major principal strain. By using elasto-plastic theory, analytical solutions to cylindrical cavity expansion in strain-softening soil are presented. According to the mechanism of statically pressed pile driving, compaction effect of pile tip can be viewed as hemispheric cavity expansion. Therefore spherical cavity expansion theory is applied to obtain the solutions to stress, strain, displacement fields and final pressure. Resistance force of pile tip is calculated to estimate static pressure.

介绍了Vesic关于圆孔扩张问题的解答，其中包括柱形孔扩张问题和球形孔扩张问题，并应用柱形孔扩张理论分析了饱和软土中的沉桩挤土效应问题；在常规三轴试验成果的基础上，采用三折线模型模拟具有应变软化性质的岩土材料的应力应变关系曲线，分析了在应变软化土体中沉桩时桩周土的位移场、应力场和应变场的变化，得到了解析解答；分析了静压桩的沉桩机理，并利用球形孔扩张理论，视桩端处的挤土为半个球形孔的扩张，分析了桩端处土的位移场、应力场和应变场的变化，并根据最终扩张压力计算出沉桩时的桩端阻力，可作为压桩力的估算。

Working conditions of drilling string is complex underground, various factors ofteninteract, in the process of drilling, drilling string acts complex movement in drill fluid, drillfluid unavoidable corrupt drilling string because such as oxygen, hydrogen sulfide and manysalts are dissolved in it. At the same time, many cyclic stresses act on drilling pipe, such asflexural cyclic stress, torsional cyclic stress.

钻柱在井下的工作状态是复杂的，常常是多种因素交织在一起的，在钻井过程中，钻柱在溶解了氧、硫化氢及各种盐类的钻井液中作复杂运动，不可避免的受到它们的腐蚀作用，同时还要受到弯曲、扭转等交变应力作用。

objective to isolate and purify the antimicrobial peptides with anti-toxoplasma gondii activity isolated from the haemlymph of musca domestica larvae.methods the antimicrobial peptides of musca domestica larvae were induced by infection and injury were isolated and purified by trituration,centrifugalization and column chromatography.then the antimicrobial peptides with anti-toxoplasma activity were sieved by mtt colorimetric method and haemacytometry.results it was found that two antimicrobial peptides had anti-toxoplasma activity through resource s cationic column chromatography and superdex g75 gel column chromatography.conclusion the two antimicrobial peptides with anti-toxoplasma activity existing in the haemlymph of musca domestica larvae had different anti-toxoplasma effect.

作者单位：山西医科大学寄生虫教研室，太原 030001；化学生物学与分子工程教育部重点实验室山西大学生物技术研究所目的从家蝇幼虫血淋巴中分离纯化具有抗弓形虫作用的抗菌肽。方法通过损伤加感染的方法诱导家蝇幼虫大量表达抗菌肽，然后经过研磨、离心和层析等过程，将家蝇幼虫抗菌肽进行分离纯化，采用四甲基偶氮噻唑蓝比色法和血细胞计数法筛选对弓形虫速殖子有抑制作用的抗菌肽。结果经resource s阳离子柱和superdex g75凝胶柱层析后，筛选出2种对弓形虫速殖子有杀伤作用的抗菌肽。结论家蝇幼虫血淋巴中存在抗弓形虫作用的抗菌肽，而且不止一种，但其效果有所不同。

The soluble peptidoglycan is gained by short dose benzylpenicillin sodium and sephadex G-100; the SLP reagent kit revealed the prepared soluble peptidoglycan is peptidoglycan; the limulus test showed that the content of LPS in the prepared soluble peptidoglycan(10ng/ml) is lower (0.01ng/ml); the improved LOWRY reagent kit showed the content of protein in the prepared soluble peptidoglycan(1.0mg/ml) was 0.06mg/ml; the optimization condition is 0.75mg/ml of the dosage of benzylpenicillin sodium,1h of the incubation time of benzylpenicillin sodium addition and 5×108CFU/ml of the bacterial concentration.

应用青霉素诱导和Sephadex G-100凝胶柱成功分离得到金葡菌可溶性PGN；所制备的可溶性PGN经SLP试剂检测结果为阳性；动态浊度鲎实验检测制备的可溶性PGN(10ng/ml)中LPS含量小于0.01ng/ml；改良LOWRY试剂检测可溶性PGN(1.0mg/ml)中蛋白含量为0.06mg/ml；青霉素诱导和Sephadex G-100凝胶柱法提取金葡菌可溶性PGN的最佳条件是：青霉素的使用浓度为0.75mg/ml，菌液浓度为5×108CFU/ml，加入青霉素后孵育时间为1h。

Nepalensis wall polysaccharide was prepared with hot water extraction,ethanol precipitation,dialyzation,and lyophilization.the crude polysaccharide was separated by deae-cellulose chromatography and purified by sephadex g-200 chromatography.the inhibit effect of the polysaccharide on lipid peroxidation of mice liver was conducted by tba method.the model of liver-injury induced by carbon tetrachloride（ccl4was used to validate the variety of the realated ast.results onefold ingredient polysaccharide was obtained after isolated and purified.conclusion the ingredient can remarkably inhibit lipid peroxidation of rat liver and significantly reduce activity of ast.

用热水提取，乙醇沉淀提取粗多糖，再经sevag法去除蛋白，透析去除小分子物质，冷冻干燥得楮头红多糖粗品；采用deae-52纤维素柱层析和sephadex g-200凝胶柱层析进行分离纯化；用tba法考察多糖的抗脂质过氧化作用；采用ccl4急性肝损伤模型，测定其血清中ast变化。结论获得一个楮头红多糖组分。tba法表明该组分对小鼠自发性脂质过氧化具有显著的抑制作用；在保肝试验中，给药组能明显抑制ast的升高，对肝损伤有一定的保护作用。

Reaction is carried out under a fractionating column that allows aldehyde to pass but returns alcohol to the reaction vessel.

反应是在装有分馏柱的反应器中进行的，分馏柱能让醛通过但使醇回流到反应器中。

The Cretaceous sedimentary rocks were baked by the basaltic lava flow erupted in the Early Miocene, contracting in volume owing to loss of water contained mainly in the clays of the clastic rocks, and thus forming the columnar jointing. According to the occurrences of jointing and the sedimentary strata the authors calculated the two different rotations of the Mellit block: the block tilted toward 338° for 18° from Late Cretaceous to the beginning of Miocene, and tilted toward 138° for 18° since Miocene.

可以合理地假定柱状节理在形成时是垂直于大地基准面的，根据柱状节理和沉积岩层的产状，笔者计算出Mellit地块的两期旋转事件：自晚白垩世初期到中新世初期该地块向338°方向倾斜了18°，而自中新世以来又向138°方向倾斜了18°。

Methods Rhizoma Gastrodiae, Pellis Ovis, and Calculus Bovis Sativus in Tianhuang Houzao powder were identified by TLC. The content of Gastrodin in the powder was determined by HPLC. The HPLC condition was as follows: column was Phenomenex C18 (4.60 mm×250 mm, 4 m), the mobile phase consisted of methanol-0.05% phosphoric acid (3:97), the UV detection wavelength was at 220 nm, the flow rate was 1.0 ml/min with column temperature at 25℃.

用薄层色语法鉴别天黄猴枣散中天麻、猴枣、体外培育牛黄；用高效液相色谱法对制剂中天麻素进行定量分析，Phenomenex C18 (4.60 mm×250 mm， 4 m)色谱柱，流动相为甲醇－0.05%磷酸溶液(3：97)；检测波长220 nm，流速1.0 ml/min，柱温25 ℃。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。