中枢神经系统

Recent studies have indicated that neural stem cells distribute in the adult central nervous system generally. Subgranular zone and subventricular zone are the main districts of the endogenous NSC in the adult brain.

近年来的研究证实，成年中枢神经系统内广泛分布着神经干细胞，海马齿状回颗粒下层和侧脑室下区是成体大脑内源性NSC存在的主要脑区。

Results The cerebral ischemia may augment the proliferation and differentiation of NSC in the subventricular zone and subgranular zone of hippocampus and,might improve neural self-repair after ischemic insults.

NSC的增殖、分化潜能，使其可以作为新生神经细胞的&种子&，为脑缺血等中枢神经系统( centralnerve system，CNS)疾病的治疗性再生和基因治疗提供了可能。1 NSC的生物学特性NSC具有以下生物学特征：( 1 )自我维持和自我更新的能力；( 2 )多方向分化潜能，能分化本系大部分类型的细胞；( 3)增殖分裂能力，能无限的增殖分裂而产生大量的后代

Neural stem cells exist in numerous regions of the central nevous system and have capacity to differentiate into neurons. Noggin promotes adult neurogenesis of subventricular zone and subgranular zone by blocking endogenous bone morphological protein signaling under physiologic state.

神经干细胞存在于中枢神经系统的广泛区域，且这些细胞具有分化为神经元的潜能。noggin通过拮抗内源性骨形态蛋白(Bone Morphological Protein， BMPs)的作用促进生理状态下成年动物室下区和海马齿状回成体神经元发生。

Middle and less dose suppling of Ginkgo biloba cause low expression of c-fos in each area of hypothalamus but for dentate gyrus.

大鼠给予银杏叶片后，炎性致痛大鼠海马区及下丘脑区的c-fos揭示了银杏叶片在疼痛大鼠的中枢神经系统对c-fos有一定的影响作用。

The net in brains is synapses, which is the most critical part of neural-nets.

在大脑中这种网路结构就是突触，也是中枢神经系统的最重要部分。

They play a pivotal role in the regulation of synaptic transmission and synaptic plasticity in the central nervous system.

NMDA受体是包含谷氨酸和甘氨酸结合位点的配体门控性离子通道，在中枢神经系统的突触传递和突触可塑性调节中起着重要的作用。

The serum levels of TChE and SOD and CAT in hippocampus of mice in Cold group was also significantly higher than those in the Control group and Warm group(P 0.05或P 0.01),while the serum level of MDA in the Control group and Warm group were higher than that in the Cold group(P 0.05或P 0.01). Conclusion:(1)Long proper winter swimming could improve learning and memory abilities of mice.(2) Winter swimming could improve the ability of learning and memory by coordinate the content of acetylcholinesterase (3) This effect may be related to the decreased activity of TChE and the increased activity of anti-oxidatio.

1长期适量的冬泳运动可以促进小鼠学习记忆能力。2冬泳运动可以通过增加小鼠脑内海马组织中ACh的含量而影响TChE的活力。3冬泳运动促进学习记忆的机制可能是：3.1冬泳运动通过冷应激引起的神经内分泌系统的反应，来改变中枢神经系统的功能，使小鼠脑内乙酰胆碱的代谢增强、含量增加，从而促进学习记忆能力。3.2冬泳运动通过增强机体清除自由基的能力，来减轻脂质过氧化的程度，对小鼠的脑损伤起到保护作用，从而促进学习记忆能力。

Clostridium tetani forms tough spores that can survive for many years. If these spores get into a deep wound, they can germinate. Once this happens the germ produces a powerful poison called tetanospasmin toxin which damages the nervous system and can cause death.

破伤风梭菌形式严峻的孢子可以存活很多年，如果这些孢子进入一个深的伤口，他们可以发芽，一旦发生这种情况的细菌产生了强大的毒药，所谓的tetanospasmin毒素损害中枢神经系统，并且可以导致死亡。

The complications included one greater trochanteric fracture,3 cases with pneumonitis,2 urinary infection,1 cerebral infarction,1 dysfunction in central nerve system and 1 case with deep venous thrombosis.

术后X线假体稍内翻2例，术后合并肺部感染3例，泌尿系感染2例，脑梗塞1例，中枢神经系统功能障碍1例，合并下肢深静脉血栓形成1例。

The FosB/△FosB positive staining was detected in nucleus accumbens septum, tuberculum olfactorium and dorsal caudate putamen, without little cFos positive staining. The results indicate the expression of cFos and FosB/△FosB display the differences in area and intensity, and the area intensively expressing FosB/△FosB is more nearly coincide with the area related to schizophrenia. So FosB/△FosB is a better mark to research the pathogenesis of schizophrenia.

同时大量研究证明，动物模型的行为及生理变化与中枢神经系统神经元的病理变化有关，因此，利用即早基因反应的灵敏性、功能多样性、检测方便性等，应用免疫组织化学的方法对模型小鼠脑内cFos和FosB/△FosB蛋白的表达进行检测，通过确定不同脑区cFos和FosB/△FosB蛋白的表达，来研究哪些脑区或神经元参与了反应，从而发现精神分裂症在脑区内所涉及的解剖结构，有助于对精神分裂症发病机制的认识。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。