中强

Moreover, the actual allele frequency of most varieties deviates far from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. All PPB、na 、I、h、Gi and Fst have proved to be the references to elucidate that ISSR is a most powerful tool to analyze genetic diversity, compared with the RAPD marker and the allozyme marker is less strong ordinally. We could divided the 70 samples into A, B, C, D and E five groups using three methods according to genetic distance clustering. There is a bit displacement for few varieties in different clustering maps, but the most are similar to morphological analysis despite that there is still a great difference among cultivars in the same one group. The above results imply that the three methods have the different sensitivity and resolution in genetic distance analysis of close varieties. The Mantel test indicates that the results from the three kinds of markers have the significant correlation, which demonstrates that the number of the used three kinds of markers is enough to exactly detect the diversity of all 70 samples to ideal extent. And these methods can be used to evaluate the diversity of the whole group using the miscellaneous samples instead of the individual sample, of the Gerbera jamesonii are mainly from tissue culture plants. In conclusion, the above study results provide a reference for the application of three kinds of molecular markers to molecular marker-assisted breeding of flower. 2. The genetic diversity among the eight introduced cut-flower varieties of Ranunculus asiatica was analyzed by the ISSR markers. Based on the genetic clustering tree, all the colorful flower varieties are clustered into one group, and the white flower varieties into another group. Moreover, among the former group the yellow flower varieties are clustered into one sub-group, and the reddish flower varieties, such as rose color, pink, nacarat, are clusetered into another sub-group.

由三种分子标记的分析结果可以看出，等位基因平均值、观察杂合度、Fis值、Fit值皆较高，表明非洲菊等位基因较丰富，杂合基因偏多，且绝大部份品种的实际等位基因频率在品种内偏离了Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium；PP8、na、Ⅰ、h、Gi及Fst皆表明，ISSR检测遗传多样性的能力最强，其次是RAPD，等位酶最低；根据遗传距离进行聚类，三种方法都把70个品种分成A、B、C、D、E五个大组，每一组中除少数品种发生位移外，大部份品种分类结果相似，且与形态分析结果有相似性，但在每一组中，品种间的聚类差别较大，表明这三种方法在近距离品种间检测遗传变异时灵敏度及分辨力不同；Mantel检测表明，三种标记的分析结果有显著相关性，表明所用的三种分子方法的标记数量已经可以相对无偏地检测到70个品种间遗传变异；非洲菊为组培苗，三种标记的检测结果皆表明，混合样品可以作为个体样品的代表，对整个居群的遗传多样性进行评价；这些研究结果可为三种分子标记方法在花卉分子辅助育种中的进一步应用提供借鉴。

After enter to environment and occur complicated chemistry process, heavy metal may become many kinds of pollutions which be in different shape and different struction. For example, in soil, heavy metal can be differentiated five shapes generally, namely, dissolved, permutable by feeble permutoid, permutable by strong permutoid, original mineral, secondary mineral.

重金属排入环境后，有复杂的化学过程，形成多样化的形态或结构的污染物，如土壤中的重金属离子或类金属离子可分为五种形态：①水溶态的；②弱代换剂可代换的；③强代换剂提取的；④次生矿物中的；⑤原生矿物中的。

The mean retention time in liver and lung was longer and was eliminated more slowly than other organs. It suggested that there was a correspondence relationship between OADHPS and its hepato-protection. After oral administration, 14. 8％ of OADHPS was excreted as protype. It was assumed that 10.0％ of OADHPS was metabolized in vivo whereas 75. 2％ of OADHPS destroyed in gastrointestinal tract.

药物在肝、肺等组织中的平均滞留时间较长，消除相对较慢，这恰好与齐墩果酸具有的较强的保肝作用相呼应。24h尿中原型药物排泄量占给药量的3.21％，结合绝对生物利用度为21.7％，推测被吸收的药物中约14.8％以原型排泄。

From the photophysical behaviors of 1, 3, 4-triaryl-2pyrazoline compound (TPP16) at low temperature, it can be considered that the twisted configuration between pyrazoline ring and the non-substituted phenyl group on the position 1 is the fluorescence configuration of conjugated system Ⅰ, and the twisted configuration between pyrazoline ring and P-nitrobenzene group is fluorescence configuration of conjugated system Ⅱ.

研究了1，3，4-三芳基-2-吡唑啉化合物TPP16在低温时的发光情况，发现：在低温77K下，共轭体系Ⅰ(苯基-N1-N2＝C3-苯基)在非极性溶剂中不发荧光，在极性溶剂中有较强荧光发射；而共轭体系Ⅱ(N1-N2＝C3-C4＝对硝基苄叉)在非极性溶剂或极性溶剂中均有荧光发射，表明N1所联取代基与吡唑啉环相扭曲的构象是共轭体系Ⅰ的发光构象，而对硝基苄叉与吡唑啉环相扭曲的构象是共轭体系Ⅱ的发光构象。

Based on the seismic data obtained in deepwater area of northern South China Sea in recent years, the development of ancient Miocene reef was analyzed. The seismographic result shows typical reef feature in the Xisha uplift, such as the mound, high amplitude, middle frequency, middle continuity, and chaotic reflection. Some reef-like reflection was found in the Miocene Meishan Formation in Beijiao area of Qiongdongnan Basin.

中文摘要：基于近些年南海北部深水区采集的地震资料，对南海北部深水区中新世生物礁发育特点进行分析、对比和研究，认为西沙隆起地区发育典型的生物礁，具有丘状反射、强振幅、中频、中连和杂乱地震相，发现琼东南盆地北礁地区在中新世梅山组也有似礁相发育。

Some 90% of the tested 110 extracts appeared antitumor activity and 13 strains of the 55 isolates showed higher inhibitory capacitieseffective concerntrations ≤16μg/ml）, which may imply a possiblility in their further medical application;whereas the percentage of positive extracts was higher from the thalli than that from the supernatants and of actived strains was higher in the bacteria than that in the molds according to this study.

结果表明，55株微生物发酵样品共110个提取物中，90％样品表现出细胞毒活性；其中13株微生物的活性较强（提取物有效抑制浓度≤16μg/ml），具有较好的开发应用前景。同时还发现，菌体中检测到的活性菌株数大于发酵液中检测到的活性菌株数，细菌的筛选得率高于霉菌的筛选得率。

Sequential leaching experiments indicate fluorine in carbonate rock, phosphorite and Mo-Ni ore layer occurs principally in dissolvable forms: water-soluble, associated with carbonate or phosphorite, so fluorine in which rocks have high chemical mobility at surface conditions. Fluorine in siliceous rock, black shale and carbonaceous slate mainly occurs in undissolvable forms, which are inert at surface conditions.

氟在碳酸盐岩、磷块岩、钼、镍等多元素富集层及部分硅质岩中主要以水溶态、碳酸盐结合态等易溶形式存在，其在自然条件下的化学活动性强；而氟在碳质板岩、黑色页岩及大部分硅质岩中主要存在于难溶矿物中，其化学活动性较弱。

The research which is the important part of the tunable erbium-doped fiber laser is composed of two main parts: 1. the gain part of the tunable erbium-doped fiber laser, which in fact is an erbium-doped fiber amplifier, its output characteristics are discussed both in theory and experiment, and the differences are also discussed between theory and experiment; 2. the saturated absorber part of the tunable erbium-doped fiber laser, also the part to narrow the line width of the fiber laser. The line-width narrowing mechanism in fiber laser induced by unpumped Er-doped fiber is presented from the aspect of coupling wave equation, and the main factor is considered as the standing wave induced by interference. The line-width is narrower when the standing wave is stronger, and the narrowing effect disappears with the disappearance of the standing wave. In the experiment, when adding a Faraday mirror in the laser cavity to remove the standing wave , the narrowing effect disappears. So the theory is proved by the result of the experiment.

本课题的研究内容是集成光学声光可调谐掺铒光纤激光器的重要组成部分，主要分两部分：1、声光可调谐掺铒光纤激光器中增益部分的研究，相当于对掺铒光纤放大器的研究，理论上对掺铒光纤放大器的输出特性进行分析，实验上实现了掺铒光纤放大器系统，并将实验数据与理论计算数据进行对比，分析了误差产生原因；2、声光可调谐掺铒光纤激光器中饱和吸收体部分的研究，即压窄光纤激光器输出线宽的研究，从耦合波方程出发，理论上解释了未泵浦掺铒光纤压窄光纤激光器线宽的原理，分析了影响该作用的主要因素是未泵浦掺铒光纤中相对传输的光干涉形成的驻波：驻波越强，压窄效果越好，相反当没有驻波时，没有压窄效果，在实验上通过在激光器腔内加入法拉第旋转镜使驻波消失，同时压窄效果消失，从而验证了理论分析的正确性。

According to Johnson's Rule and IR spectra, their possible structures are suggested. The bonding parameters of those complexes are calculated by ESR parameters. And the crystal field parameters are calculated by using electronic spectral data. It can be seen that the vanadyl complexes in the solution are ionic complexes and that the α〓 values of those complexes decrease following the increasing of the N donor replacing the O donor of water on the equatorial plane in those complexes. This means that the covalent bonding between vanadium and ligand increases as Ser, Phen or Bipy replace water ligands. The results show the competitive coordinate law that the coordination reactivity of Phen and Bipy is much stronger than that of Ser. The simulation program of ESR is compiled by the theory of ESR in the present work.

测定了VO-丝氨酸二元体系、VO-丝氨酸-邻菲咯啉三元体系和VO-丝氨酸联吡啶三元体系在不同酸度下（pH=1.0～14.0）的乙二醇／水（V／V=1：1）溶液低温ESR谱，发现不同pH下，溶液中具有不同组成的配合物，根据不同pH下ESR谱的变化，利用Johnson的加合规则并结合红外光谱，推测了它们在溶液中的可能结构；利用波谱参数计算了配合物键参数；利用电子光谱数据计算了配合物的晶体场参数，讨沦了它们的成配特性，结果表明：VO配合物属离子型配合物，随取代水分子的配体（Ser、Phen或Bipy）数目增加，键参数减小，配合物共价性增强，同时得出这些体系中，生物配体竞争配位规律：Phen和Bipy与VO的配位能力比Ser强。

From the point of view of management information construction in building project quality measurement in view of this situation of so many measurement project complex calculation in measurement data, standard quickly renewing, powerful specialization of measurement method that exist and inquires in to the position and the effect of information in quality measurement, announces the relation of building project quality measurement management and information system, and has put forward the basic train of thought of building project quality measurement management information, system construction, At the same time, combining the building project quality measurement management information system construction . At the same time, combing the building project quality measurement management information system construction case of YIFENG company analyses and introduces the real application effect of management information system theory in the quality measurement management activity ,and betokens the enterprise information construction development direction..

本文从建筑工程质量检测管理信息化建设的角度，针对建筑工程质量检测管理上存在的检验项目多、检验资料计算复杂、标准更新快、评定指标和检验方法专业性强等因素，分析了建筑工程质量检测中存在的问题，探讨了管理信息化在质量检测工作中的地位和作用，揭示了建筑工程质量检测与信息系统的关系，提出了建筑工程质量检测管理信息系统建设的基本思路，同时，结合宜峰公司建筑工程质量检测管理信息系统建设的案例，分析介绍了管理信息系统理论在质量检测管理活动中的实际应用效果，预示出企业信息化建设发展方向。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。