中幼粒细胞

ABSTRACT］ Objective To observe the efficacy and side effects of combined therapy with alltrans retinoic acid, arsenic trioxide (As2O3) and chemotherapeutics for newly diagnosed acute promyelocytic leukemia.

急性早幼粒细胞白血病是急性髓系白血病中的一种独特类型(M3型)，以特异的染色体易位t(15，17)(q22，q21)为特征，形成PMLRARa融合基因，该融合基因是APL发病的分子基础和分子标志。

Methods 39 patients with APL were analyzed by cytogenetics and were performed by karyotype analysis with Rbanding techniques.

目的 探讨细胞遗传学在急性早幼粒细胞白血病的诊断及预后评估中的应用价值。

The amount of erythroblast is especially dominant in the system of erythrocyte.

红细胞系中以中幼红细胞的数量最多，粒细胞系数量少，出现也晚。

Results There were significant differences between MDS and CAA in Hb, red cell distribution width-coefficient variation, immature reticulocyte fraction, BPC, the ratio of G1 (the sum percentage of myeloblast and premyelocyte) to G2 (the sum percentage of neutrophilic myelocyte and metamy-elocyte), the ratio of E1 (the sum percentage of proerythroblast and early erythroblast) to E2 (the sum percentage of intermediate erythroblast and late erythroblast), megakaryocyte count,erythroblast PAS, neutrophil alkaline phosphatase, and serous levels of indirect bilirubin,lactose dehydrogenase, folic acid, VitBl2 and ferritin.

结果 MDS患者血红蛋白，红细胞体积分布宽度。变异系数、未成熟网织细胞比率、血小板计数、骨髓原始细胞及早幼粒细胞之和与中性中幼粒细胞及中性晚幼粒细胞之和的比值、原始红细胞及早幼红细胞之和与中幼红细胞及晚幼红细胞之和的比值、巨核细胞计数、有核红细胞糖原染色阳性率和阳性指数、中性粒细胞碱性磷酸酶染色阳性率和阳性指数、血清间接胆红素、乳酸脱氢酶、尿酸、叶酸、维生素B12(VitB12)、铁蛋白水平等常规实验室指标与CAA患者比较差异有统计学意义。

Objective To investigate the changes of reticulated platelets levels in patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia,and to provide some useful information about the recovery of hematogenesis for patients with APL during clinical treatment and whether platelets infusion is necessary.

目的 了解急性早幼粒细胞白血病患者外周血网织血小板水平的变化规律，为APL临床诊治过程中骨髓造血功能的恢复及掌握血小板输注时机与频率提供理论依据。

No primitive blood cells were observed in liver, which implies that the liver was not the hemopoietic organ in C. mydas. The development of erythrocytes includes 5 stages: primitive, early, middle, late, and mature. The body sizes of these cells increased first, then decreased, and increased in the end. The development of granulocytes includes 5 stages also: myeloblast, promyelocyte, meddle immature granulocytes, late immature granulocytes, and mature granulocytes. The body sizes of them decreased; and the sublobe of the nuclear may indicate the aging.

红血细胞的发育经历了5个阶段：原红血细胞、早幼红血细胞、中幼红细胞、晚幼红血细胞和红血细胞等阶段，其胞体体积经历了由小到大，由大到小、再到大的发育过程；粒细胞的发育经历了5个阶段：原粒细胞、早幼粒细胞、中幼白细胞、晚幼白血细胞和白细胞等阶段，胞体体积均由大到小变化，核分叶可能是粒细胞的衰老的标志；淋巴细胞和单核细胞的发育各经历了3个阶段。

This is the appearance of normal bone marrow smear at high magnification. Note the presence of an eosinophilic myelocyte, a basophilic myelocyte, and a plasma cell.

高倍镜下的正常骨髓涂片，可见一个嗜酸性中幼粒细胞，一个嗜碱性中幼粒细胞和一个浆细胞。

The results indicated that in the FNAC smears of mediastinal tumor, neutropilic myelocyte, neutropilic metamyelocyte, neutropilic stab granulocyte and neutropilic segmented granulocyte were observed in granulocytic series; early normoblast, polychromatic normoblast and orthochromatic normoblast were observed in erythrocytic series; and granular megakaryocyte, thromocytogenic megakaryocyte, scattered platelet and matured lymphocyte also were observed. Cell morphology and distribution in different stages were are similar to that in bone marrow smear, and these cells belong to the extra-medullary hemopoietic tissue.

结果表明：纵隔肿块的细针抽吸活组织的细胞学涂片显示粒系细胞中可见中性中幼粒细胞、中性晚幼粒细胞、中性杆状粒细胞、中性分叶核粒细胞；红系细胞中可见早幼红细胞、中幼红细胞、晚幼红细胞；并可见颗粒巨核细胞、产血小板的巨核细胞、散在血小板及成熟淋巴细胞；细胞形态及各期细胞分布与骨髓片相似，为髓外造血组织。

Subacut myeloid leukemia can be a defined type of leukemia. The common characteristics of subacute myeloid leukemia are as follows: the onset is insidious, and anemia and hemorrhage of skin and mucosa are the main clinical manifestations. Hepatosplenomegaly is rare. There are multilineage abnormalities in blood cell counts and increased blasts in the bone marrow with cytogenetical abnormal clone in most cases. The disease course is subacute and progressive.

1、亚急性髓性白血病是一个可以确定的白血病类型，其特征为：起病隐袭，以贫血或皮肤粘膜出血为主要症状，肝脾肿大的特征较少，血象为一系、二系或三系的异常，骨髓细胞形态学检查原早幼粒细胞异常增高，细胞遗传学检查多数有克隆性异常核型，病程中可有克隆演进，呈现亚急性而进行性的临床经过。

Among the cases, hypergranular promyelocytic was present in 15%. Infected bone marrow and megaloblastic anemia were observed in 5% respectively. Fungi infected bone marrow and idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura were found in 2.5% respectively. Pure red cell aplasia and granulocytic series deficiency due to regenerative granulocyte failure were observed in 2.5% respectively.

在40例艾滋病患者中，反应性早幼粒细胞增多者占15％，感染性骨髓象和巨幼细胞性贫血各占5％，真菌感染性骨髓象和特发性血小板减少性紫癜各占2.5％，纯红再障和生成减少性粒细胞缺乏症各占2.5％。

But we don't care about Battlegrounds.

但我们并不在乎沙场中的显露。

Ah! don't mention it, the butcher's shop is a horror.

啊！不用提了。提到肉，真是糟透了。