中壳

Using cytochalasin D to prevent global actin from forming filamentous structures, the production of Heliothis armigera nuclear polyhedrosis virus in Hz-AM1 cells grown in the medium containing 0.5μg/ml CD was completely inhibited while its production was reduced to 10〓 in the presence of 0.1μg/ml CD by plaque assay. However, Western blotting revealed that the actin quantity in infected host cells treated or untreated with CD was almost identical. Additionally, CD had no effect on the DNA synthesis of HaNPV.

Western blot表明细胞松弛素D并不影响受染细胞中肌动蛋白的含量，Dot blot表明病毒DNA的合成也没有受到影响，但电子显微镜超薄切片发现在0.5ug／mL细胞松弛素D中形成的病毒粒子形态与正常的有明显区别，认为细胞松弛素D抑制棉铃虫核型多角体病毒的增殖是因为抑制病毒的DNA和蛋白组装成完整有感染性的病毒粒子，即丝状肌动蛋白对病毒粒子的脱壳和DNA的复制、转录没有影响，但对病毒粒子的组装是必须的。

Incurrent research, aiming at the rupture problem engendered in the shooting process of acertain 5.56mm automatic rifle, the strain and stress distributions on the cartridge caseunder the action of axial pull have been analyzed. Based on the theories of elastic-plasticmechanics and contact mechanics, a mathematic and physical model of the cartridge-caseand chamber system has been set up; and based on the platform of the general softwarepackage APDL of ANSYS for finite element analysis, a parameterized model of thecartridge-case and chamber system has also been established. The method for nonlinearFEA has been adopted to analyze the stress distribution on the entire cartridge-case andchamber system, and the method of contact element has been employed to investigate thecontact stress between the cartridge case and chamber, and then the influences of frictioncoefficient and locking space on the static and dynamic stress and strain response of thecartridge case and chamber to the action of power gas have also been discussed. On thebasis of a lot of numerical tests, a kind of element Plane13, which is concentrated incoupled computation of heat and construction, has been used finally to simulate thetransient response of the cartridge-case and chamber system to the power gas. Throughloading the temporary thermal characteristics of explosive gas in the procedure of emulate, the corresponding transient thermal stress distributed on the entire system under thecombined load of transient thermal stress and transient pressure has been obtained. Owingto these comprehensive considerations, the numerical results obtained in this paperrepresent the actual situations comparatively exactly.

本文针对某5.56mm自动步枪在工作中出现断壳的问题，分析了弹壳在轴向拉力作用下的应力应变；基于弹塑性力学及接触理论，建立了弹壳弹膛系统的数学、物理学模型，在通用有限元ANSYS软件的参数化建模工具APDL平台上，建立了弹壳弹膛系统的参数化模型；采用非线性有限元法计算了弹壳弹膛系统的整体应力，引入接触单元法分析弹壳和弹膛的接触压力，探讨了在不同的摩擦系数和不同的闭锁间隙对弹壳弹膛静、动态响应的影响；本文进行了大量的尝试，最后确定采用热、结构耦合单元Plane13，在计算中加载了火药气体的温度历程，成功的获得了弹壳弹膛系统在瞬态的热载荷和瞬态的压力载荷同时作用下弹壳弹膛系统的热应力数值解，考虑因素全面，比较真实的反映了弹壳弹膛系统在火药气体压力和热载荷下作用的情况。

Based upon the ecoanatomical method, leaf anatomical characters of eleven populations of six evergreen species (Cyclobalanopsis glauca, C. myrsinaefolia, C. gracilis, Castanopsis sclerophylla, C. eyrei and Lithocarpus glaber) from the eastern subtropical area of China were analyzed and compared with SPSS, DCA and TWINSPAN. The results are: 1. Although the leaf structures of the eleven populations still belong to the mesophyll type, they all express the trend of xerophilization. 2. There are some differences in leaf anatomical characters among populations, species and genera, which occur as the results of their adaptation to different habitats. 3. Different leaf anatomical characters have different variations among populations, species and genera, of which leaf thickness and palisade tissue thickness (considered as ecological adaptation characters) have greater variation than sponge tissue thickness, lower cuticle thickness and lower epidermis thickness (as systematical evolution characters). 4. The leaves of C. sclerophylla and C. glauca with thicker lamina, palisade tissue and cuticle (a multilayered upper epidermis in C. sclerophylla) are thought to better adapt to their dry habitat. The leaves of C. eyrei with thicker sponge tissue, although characterized by a multlayered upper epidermis, adapt to their humid and warm habitat. The leaves of C. myrsinaefolia and C. gracilis characterized by a thinner lamina, a less palisade tissue and a moderate cuticle thickness adapt to the humid and cool habitat in a middle mountain.

选取亚热带东部替代分布明显的壳斗科6种常绿树种（青冈、小叶青冈、细叶青冈、苦槠、甜槠和石栎）的11个种群叶片进行生态解剖，并用SPSS， DCA和TWINSPAN比较分析，结果表明：①尽管6种11个种群叶的结构仍属中生叶型，但有着不同程度的趋旱适应；②叶的解剖性状在属间、种间和种群间均存在着不同程度的差异，这是它们适应各自生境的结果，青冈和石栎的种内差异较大，反映出它们对环境变化有较强响应能力；③叶片的不同解剖性状在属、种类和种群间的变化并不同步，其中叶片和栅栏组织厚度等性状差异突出，反映它们更易受环境的饰变，是生态适应性状，而海绵组织、下角质膜，特别是下表皮厚度等性状差异较小，显示出这些性状的稳定性，可以认为是系统演化性状；④苦槠、青冈具有较厚的叶片、栅栏组织、角质膜和发达输导和机械组织，苦槠还具有复表皮，表现出对旱化生境的适应；甜槠尽管具有复表皮和较厚的叶片，但这是海绵组织增厚的结果，是对中生生境的适应；小叶青冈和细叶青冈具有较薄的叶片和栅栏组织、角质膜厚度居中等特点，可能是对中山凉湿生境的适应。

Of the 14 SMAs, 11 (79%) showed low to intermediate density as compared with muscles, 3 (21%) showed homogenous and intermediate density; 12 (86%) appeared as lobulate lesions; 10 (71%) had incomplete bone septa; 9 (64%) showed root resorption of the neighboring teeth; 13 (93%) showed cortical perforation; 6 (43%) had soft tissue masses; all SMAs showed well-defined margins. Of the 11 SMAs examined by enhanced studies, 9 (82%) showed strong enhancement.

SMA病变中11例(79%)平扫时与肌肉相比呈等低混杂密度，3例(21%)呈较均匀等密度，12例(86%)边缘呈分叶状，13例(93%)骨壳被穿破，6例(43%)形成软组织肿块，但病灶的边界都清楚，10例(71%)见不全骨性分隔，9例(64%)邻近牙根被吸收，11例行增强扫描的病例中9例(82%)呈显著强化。

Taking Phasianus colchicuses and Gallus gallus as comparisons,the contents of protein and amino acides in egg albumen, mineral in egg shell were measured by kjeldahl method,HPLC and atomic absorption method respectively.

以红腹锦鸡为研究对象，以七彩山鸡和家鸡为参照，采用凯氏定氮法和高效液相色谱法分别测定了3种鸟类卵清中蛋白质含量及17种氨基酸含量，以原子吸收光谱法测定了其卵壳中7种矿质元素的含量。

The mid-oceanic ridge is accreting boundaries. The normal-fault ruptures indicate the tensive stress state in mid-oceanic regions.

大洋中脊是洋壳增生的地区，正断层型的地震破裂显示了洋中脊系的拉张应力状态。

(1) Verification of the expressions of Cfos in caudate nucleus, putamen, globus pallidus, hippocamp, nuclei ventrolaterales thalami, parv ocellular reticular nucleus, dorso lateral magnocellular nucleus after rats subarachnoid hemorrhage are variation with different phases.(2) There are certain relationships between subarachnoid hemorrhage and different phases.

（1）大鼠蛛网膜下腔出血后不同时相Cfos在脑膜、脑皮质区及尾壳核、苍白球、海马、背侧丘脑腹后外侧核、小细胞网状核、背侧旁巨细胞核中都有表达且表达量随时相改变；（2）大鼠蛛网膜下腔出血后相关症状与不同时相Cfos在脑中表达之间存在着相关联系，具有规律性。

Secondly, in this paper, in order to carry out a fair assessment of the reinforcement design on spherical shell with transnormal nozzle, a comparison of reinforcement method was done between JB4732-1995 Steel Pressure Vessels桪esign by Analysis appendix A4 and HG20582-1998 Specification for Stress Calculation of Steel Chemical Vessels.

其次，为了对球壳超标开孔接管结构的补强设计方法作出比较公正的评价，本文对我国JB4732-1995《钢制压力容器——分析设计标准》附录A4中根据塑性极限分析的完全解得到的超标开孔补强设计方法和HG20582-1998《钢制化工容器强度计算规定》中的压力面积法进行了计算比较。

The sizes of the self-assembly micelles of the amphiphilic block copolymers and the effects werestudied by dynamic light scattering and UV-visible spectrophotometer. The micelle sizes werelargely influenced bythe hydrophobic chain content in the copolymer, the properties of the solvent and the copolymer concentration in the organic phase. The morphology of the micelles was investigated by transmission electron microscopy. Theresults showed that the micelles appeared spheres with inner core and outer shell. The critical association concentrations were determined by pyrene monomer fluorescence probe technology. The degradability of copolymer was studied by the loss of the intrinsic viscosity in the degradation process. The results indicated that the degradation rate of PECL was slower thanthat of PELLA and PEDLLA. The stability of the copolymer micelle dispersion was examined by measuring the critical flocculation concentration, which gradually decreased with increasing the content of thehydrophobic chain in the copolymer. The rheological results showed thatthe viscosity ofthe micelle dispersion with higher content of PEG segments was firstly decreased and then increased with the increasingthe temperature. Otherwise, the variation of viscosity was irregular. The viscosity of the micelle dispersion increased with the increase of the electrolyte (Na 2SO 4) concentrations. Polymer micelles paclitaxel was prepared by self-emulsification/solvent evaporation method and solid dispersion technique with amphiphilic block polymers as the carrier material.

运用动态光散射和紫外分光光度计研究了两亲性嵌段共聚物自组装胶束的粒径及其影响因素，结果表明，自组装胶束的形成机理受制备方式的控制，胶束的粒径随着共聚物相对分子质量或疏水嵌段相对分子质量和有机相中共聚物浓度的增大而增大，随着有机溶剂的水溶性的增强而减小；采用透射电镜观察胶束的形态结构，发现胶束呈具有核壳结构的均匀球形；采用芘荧光探针法测两亲性嵌段共聚物的临界聚集浓度；通过降解过程中共聚物特性粘度的变化研究两亲性共聚物的降解性能，发现与PELLA和PEDLLA的相比，PECL 降解速率较慢；随着共聚物中疏水嵌段含量的增大，纳米分散液的稳定性逐渐下降；PEG含量高的PEDLLA纳米分散液随着温度的升高，纳米分散液的粘度先下降然后增大，反之，没有规律性，且随着电解质Na 2SO 4浓度的增大，体系粘度增大。

The biologic feedstuff is made from corn straw , putamina of peanuts, potato vines by the way of ferment, and contains substances easy to be digested and absorbed, such as monosaccharide, dipeptide sugar and amino acids etc.

建设条件：秸秆生物是通过物理和微生物的作用将玉米秸、豆秸、花生秸、壳、红薯蔓等中纤维素、半纤维、木质素和硅酸盐降解为禽畜容易消化吸收的单糖、双糖和氨基酸等物质，同时在发酵过程中还产生并积累大量营养丰富的微生物菌体蛋白及其它有用的代谢产物(如：有机酸、醇、醛、维生素、抗生素)。

In the negative and interrogative forms, of course, this is identical to the non-emphatic forms.

。但是，在否定句或疑问句里，这种带有"do"的方法表达的效果却没有什么强调的意思。

Go down on one's knees;kneel down

屈膝跪下。。。下跪祈祷