中国东北的

During the postgenomics era the information about genomic sequence and gene functions provides a new foundation for evolutionary biology and ecology As the first whole-genome sequenced plant Arabidopsis thaliana and its wild relatives have played a critical role in understanding the evolution of genomics and speciation Both A halleri and A lyrata are closely related to the model species A thaliana A halleri ssp gemmifera occurs in northeastern China Japan and Taiwan; while its sister A halleri ssp halleri is mainly distributed in Europe Geographical barriers such as Tienshan Mountain Range isolate these intraspecific sisters Likewise A lyrata ssp kamchatica and ssp lyrata occur in East Asia and North America respectively Such distribution patterns seem to be consistent with allopartic speciation The comparison between ancestral and extant polymorphism by multilocus can be informative about the population genetics of speciation In this study we collected and analyzed DNA sequences of 98 genes from four wild relatives of A thaliana A halleri ssp gemmifera A halleri ssp halleri A lyrata ssp kamchatica and A lyrata ssp lyrata The ancestral states of these four species were compared to each other in terms of level of genetic variation However the ancestral species at the time of speciation were substantially more polymorphic than the extant geographical populations The observations are not fully compatible with speciation by strict allopatry At some species pairs parapatric speciation seems more reasonable in speciation of Arabidopsis The 98 gene sequences are also used for the congruence test between gene genealogy and species phylogeny Only 28 genes support the species phylogeny but there are 23 genes supports another major genealogy { lyrata} thaliana Based on the phylogenetic position change of A lyrata ssp kamchatica and Ks value for each species pair suggested the recent directional gene flow between A halleri ssp gemmifera and A lyrata ssp kamchatica

阿拉伯芥是第一个完成基因体定序的开花植物，其基因体资讯提供植物学研究的重要依据；在解析阿拉伯芥属物种的亲缘关系以及种化机制等重要的演化议题时，阿拉伯芥近缘的野生物种自然成了不可或缺的关键；跟阿拉伯芥近缘的物种包括A halleri及A lyrata，其中A halleri ssp gemmifera主要分布於中国东北、日本以及台湾，与近缘的A halleri ssp halleri其分布於欧洲隔著天山及大陆的障蔽，而A lyrata ssp kamchatica主要分布於东北亚及台湾，与分布於北美五大湖的A lyrata ssp lyrata被北极圈所分隔，这样的分布模式暗示异域种化的可能。藉由多基因分析比较祖先物种与现生物种遗传歧异度的相关可提供讯息探讨种化时期的族群遗传结构，本研究针对A halleri ssp gemmifera、A halleri ssp halleri及A lyrata ssp kamchatica、A lyrata ssp lyrata四个物种，两对互为亚种的姊妹群，以阿拉伯芥为外群进行研究，在四个物种完成98个同源基因的分子序列，利用套装软体MCMCcoal来估算祖先物种的遗传变异，亦估算现生物种的核苷酸歧异度，观察到？多物种配对中祖先物种遗传多型性大於现生物种DNA歧异度，显示异域种化模型并无法完全解释阿拉伯芥属物种的种化模式，在某些物种配对间邻域种化模式应比异域种化更为可能；在基因树与物种树的比较，98个基因片段的亲缘模式只有28个是与已知物种树一致的，有23个基因其树状图支持{ lyrata} thaliana的型式，藉由kamchatica位置的变化以及估算各物种配对间的平均同义置换率，推测在A halleri ssp gemmifera与A lyrata ssp kamchatica间具有近代的单方向基因交流。

The article is primarily focused on the flora of subaerial algae of zonal vegetation in terrestrical ecosystem of NECT、subaerial algae's distribution regularity and the aspect both the natural and artificial disturbance which affect it's distribution.

本文着重研究了中国东北森林—草原样带中陆地生态系统中的各地带性植被内亚气生藻类的种类组成、亚气生藻类在各地带性植被内的分布规律及影响亚气生藻类分布的一些自然因素，同时也研究了某些人为干扰对亚气生藻类分布产生的影响。

The Eighth Northeast Engineering Machinery Exhibition will be one of the best places displaying equipment, products and relevant services in the field of engineering machinery, earthwork machinery, construction machinery, road machinery, building material machinery, special vehicles, engineering equipment and tools as well as parts, etc for Chinese and international exhibitors. It will exhibit great opportunities of vitalization of industrial base of the northeast and new market and provide the greatest profits with all-around services.

"第八届东北工程机械展"将是中国及国际展商展示工程机械、土方机械、建筑机械、公路机械、建材机械、专用车辆、工程设备及工具、零部件领域设备、产品及相关服务的最佳场所之一，她必将"振兴东北老工业基地"蕴涵的巨大商机和新市场展现给大家，全方位的服务将给您的投入提供最大的收益。

Such domestic famous media as Xinhua News Agency, China Daily, Technology Daily, China Economic Times, China Commercial Daily, The First Financial Daily, Consumption Daily, Takungpao, Wenhui Daily, China Auto Daily, China Industry Daily, China Auto Circle, Auto Group, Auto Observation, Auto Friend reported the exhibition; over 20 domestic famous gateway websites including Sina, Sohu, Yahoo, Netease, Tencent QQ, TOM, Mop, People, Xinhua, China Automobile, Pacific Auto and BitAuto.com, Heilongjiang, Jilin and Liaoning TV, Shenyang, Changchun and Harbin TV, all TVs in Heilongjiang including Daqing and Qiqihar TV, main newspapers, journals and magazines in Northeast conducted tracing report.

新华社、中国日报、科技日报、中国经济时报、中国商报、第一财经日报、消费日报、大公报、文汇报、中国汽车报、中国工业报、中国汽车界、汽车族、汽车观察、汽车之友等国内知名媒体对车展进行了报道；新浪网、搜狐网、雅虎网、网易、腾迅 QQ 、 TOM 、猫扑、人民网、新华网、中国汽车网、太平洋汽车网、易车网等二十几家国内著名门户网站，黑、吉、辽电视台，沈阳、长春、哈尔滨电视台，大庆、齐齐哈尔等黑龙江省内所有电视台以及东北地区的主要报刊、杂志，都对车展进行了跟踪报道。

Liaoyang has been the joint connection of different races in northeast. It is the earliest city that set up authority government served for Zhongyuan dynasty. Its organizational system and annalistic system are the most integrate historical sequence.

辽阳成为中国北方各族融合、交流的聚合点，也是中原王朝在东北地区设置行政机构最早的城市，它的建制沿革与编年体系是东北地区最完整的历史序列。

Tonight is the most meaningful day for us Chinese because it is the Mid-autumn Day which is the most wonderful day in the year, however at the same time, today is 9.18, the Mukden Incident (September 18, 1931), also called Manchurian Incident.

因为它是秋天中在那年中是最令人惊奇的日子日子，所以今晚是我们的最意义深长的日子华人，同时然而，今天是 9.18，附带的(1931 年九月 18 日)的奉天，也认为中国东北人是事件。

A city of northeast China east-northeast of Beijing. The capital of Liaoning province, it was the site of the so-called Mukden, or Manchurian, Incident(1931), in which the Japanese army used an explosion on the railroad north of the city as a pretext to occupy Manchuria.

沈阳，奉天中国东北部的一个城市，位于北京东北偏东方，它是辽宁省的省会，是所谓的满洲或满洲里事件的旧址，在该事件中日本军队将该城北部的铁路炸毁并以此揭开了占领满洲的序曲。

Nü zhen nation one of the old nations in northest of China, which is different from other nations in economic producing, geography ambience, nations' major mind, during its original society, the matriarchal and natriarchal clan society didn't exist.

殊异于其它民族经济生产形式、理环境、族主体思维的中国东北古族之一的女真族，在其原始社会阶段中，纯粹的母系氏族社会和父系氏族社会形态是不存在的。

The wind that blew from Manchuria and beyond,"down over the Yalu and the mountains all around... down into the gorges with their frozen streams and naked rocks... down along the ice-capped road—now shrieking and wild—that wind," said noted photographer David Douglas Duncan,"was like nothing ever known by the trapped Marines, yet they had to march through it."

从中国东北以北吹来的的寒风，&吹过鸭绿江和它附近的高山……一直吹到将峡谷里的溪流和赤裸的岩石冰冻起来……一直吹到路面被冰雪覆盖——现在它们还在呼啸和肆虐——就是这样的寒风，&著名的摄影记者大卫·道格拉斯·邓肯这样说，&身陷重围的陆战队员却似乎当它们根本不存在，依然顶风冒雪继续行军。&

According to the briefing, as the host of this tea Fair, the past seven years, Jinan tea tea market trading volume to 10 million piculs annual rate of increase, the transaction radiation northeast, north and northwest China and other places, the annual trading volume of 830,000 tea piculs, 1.3 billion turnover, has grown into the largest national professional business markets, the Chinese Tea known as the "barometer."

据介绍，作为本届茶博会举办地，七年来，济南茶叶市场的茶叶交易量每年以10万担的速度递增，交易辐射东北、华北、西北等地，年茶叶交易量达83万担，交易额13亿元，已发展成全国经营规模最大的专业市场，被称为中国茶市的&晴雨表&。

I didn't watch TV last night, because it .

昨晚我没有看电视，因为电视机坏了。

Since this year, in a lot of villages of Beijing, TV of elevator liquid crystal was removed.

今年以来，在北京的很多小区里，电梯液晶电视被撤了下来。