中值

Not only was the nature of the benchmark revision a surprise, but so, too, was the anemic 1.1% growth estimated for 2Q02 -- less than half the downwardly revised consensus expectations; moreover, as recently as a month ago, most were looking for second quarter growth in the 3.5% range.

新数据中，令人吃惊的不仅在于对旧数据进行了下调，2002年第二季度的预测值更加惊人----低迷无力的1.1%，还不到公认预测值的一半，而公认值本来就已经下调了；就在一个月前，各界仍然普遍认为，第二季度增长率将达3.5%。

As the objects on which multi-valued modular algebra operation is imposed usually are multivalued signals, so are the operation results. Application of ternary edge-triggered flip-flops makes us be able omit extracoding circuits in timing circuits.

由'J'多值模代数中的两个基本运算的作用对象和运算结果均为多值信号，所以它的应用避免了以往在采用基｝POOI代数的三值触发器时，由于输入、输出信号不匹配而必须增加附加编码电路的问题。

Because of the presence of the difference of the gray value and the distortion between the object image and the reference image, traditional matching method will be degraded. We need more useful characters. Eigenspace approach is a promising candidate for an appearance-based object representation.

文中提出基于奇异值分解的跟踪算法，算法首先建立模板图像训练集合，利用奇异值分解方法，张成模板图像特征空间，然后求出模板图像在特征空间里的投影值，代替传统算法中灰度对两幅待匹配图像进行的全局搜索定位。

According to these computated results, the correct experiment values of electron affinity can be chosen from the values of electron affinity which are measured by various experimental methods.

通过计算说明了电子亲合力与诱导效应的定量相关比电负性与诱导效应的定量相关好得多；并应用其定量关系式预测尚未实测到的取代基的电子亲合力值；根据计算结果，可从不同实验方法测得的电子亲合力值中选择正确的实验值。

Considering the electrovalence, the curve of water consumption and the reliability of water supply, this paper respectively sets up the model based on the maximal flux and the model based on the expectation flux. It takes yearly expenditure converting value and yearly cistern converting value as target function and takes continuity equation, velocity of flow and compression resistance of cast iron pipeline as restrictions and sets up the PGA model on optimal design of water supply networks.

考虑到峰谷电价、用水量变化曲线及用水可靠性因素的影响，分别建立了以最高时流量设计管网的模型和以期望时流量设计管网的模型，以年费用折算值加上清水池年造价折算值为目标函数，以连续性方程、管中流速和铸铁管耐压值等为约束条件，进行并行遗传算法对给水管网优化设计的实现。

So for immutable objects like strings, we make the observation that only valid expressions on the left-hand side of an assignment (to the left of the equals sign ) must be the variable representation of an entire object such as a string, not single characters or substrings.

对像字符串这样的不可变对象，我们探究了它在赋值操作中对左值的限制，左值必须是一个完整的对象，比如说一个字符串对象，不能是字符串的一部分。

Based on expansion of ODF in series of Generalized Spherical Harmonics by Bunge, we design programming in Orientation Distribution Function for polycrystal which contained five thousands crystals based on increment arithmetic of Voronoi. Geometrical data information, ODF of every crystal in polycrysal are imported to Open Graphics Library to draw, that means we implement visualization of ODF for every crystal in polycrystal.

主要针对具有立方结构的多晶体材料，采用Bunge级数展开法模型计算取向分布函数的理论模型，利用C语言在VC++环境下对ODF值进行了计算，并以Voronoi增量算法为基础生成包含有5000个晶粒的多晶体材料各晶粒的几何数据信息，与计算得到的ODF值一起导入OpenGL进行可视化处理，直观显示了多晶体材料中ODF值在各晶粒内的分布。

In real option pricing, it is impractical to assume the present value of expected cash flow payoff as an exact number because it is a forecast one. Generally, the number is regarded as a triangular or trapezoidal fuzzy number to give its estimated interval values and the Black-Scholes (abbreviated as B-S) formula is used to price the real option.

针对实物期权定价中预期现金流收益的现值是个预测值，而采用精确值给出不太合理的问题，分析了三角模糊数或梯形模糊数给出它的区间估计值，并利用Black-Scholes公式为之定价的方法。

As for the factitiously specified allowable values,such as allowable deflection,allowable amount of wear,and so on,their magnitudes,which are confirmed on the basis of empirical formula,often have an interval value or a limit value,therefore they can be described suitably by minor type membership function, As for various strength values of parts,such as tensile strength,compression strength,contact strength and so on,their magnitudes,which are often confirmed only by approximate mean,can be described suitably with middle type membership function.

对于人为规定的各种许用值，如许用挠度值、许用磨损量等，根据经验公式确定它们的大小时往往有一个区间或一个极限值，宜用偏小型隶属函数描述，对于零件的各种强度值，如抗拉强度、抗压强度、接触强度等，实际中往往只能确定其近似的均值，宜用中间型隶属函数描述。

Results show that treating the pear juice with FPC-21 resin can reduced pH value, formol index and browning index. Reduction of pH value enhence the decolor ability of XAD-16 resin on pear juice. Reduction of pH value and formol index can control the browning rate of PJC during storage.

结果显示，阳离子树脂处理可降低酥梨汁的pH值、氨基态氮和褐变指数；降低pH值可提高吸附树脂对酥梨汁的脱色能力；降低pH值、氨基态氮可控制70 °Brix浓缩酥梨汁贮存中褐变速度。

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。