中东

BARACK OBAMA'S peace envoy, George Mitchell, is back in his Middle East bailiwick after two months away, apparently hopeful he can get Israelis and Palestinians to agree to "terms of reference" that would let long-stalled negotiations resume.

巴拉克？奥巴马的中东问题特使，乔治？米切尔在离开两个月之后回到他的中东辖区内，显然充满希望地自信能使以色列和巴勒斯坦恪守职权范围，让长期搁置的谈判重新开始。

Generally speaking, the evolutions of the relationship are characterized by the following:(1) Pro-Arab and anti-Israeli is a main thread in the evolutions of this relationship;(2) Whether launching the nonalignment policy becomes an important criteria in judging their relationship;(3) The developing tendency has made the transition from Idealism to realism come true;(4) The relation "core" now has changedfrom Egypt in the 1950s and 1960s, Iraq and Iran in the 1970s to the current multi polar;(5) The important economic feature in their relationship is the imbalances between imports and exports;(6) Different attitudes on Pakistan are important developing features of the relationship between them.

印度通过不结盟政策加强与中东国家的团结与合作，独立自主地处理与中东国家关系，对中东事务的是非曲直做出自己独立的判断，为维护印度的国家利益以及实现对外战略目标，采取相应的对策。(3)维护印度的国家利益，保证印度的主权和领土完整得到尊重，是印度中东政策的立足点。由于中东的战略地位、石油资源、地缘政治、宗教信仰等关系到印度的国家安全和国家利益，因此，发展与中东的友好关系，谋求和维护印度的国家利益，是印度中东外交政策的立足点。(4)扮演"有声有色"大国角色是印度中东政策的首要目标。

The second part: It was the main text point, elaborated the formation process of petroleum safety policy in Middle East of the United States, insured the American national security, chastened Soviets petroleum to extend, and guarantied the western allies petroleum to supply safety, which was the United States the outward policy's important and strategic target to the safety policy of petroleum of Middle East particularly. At the foundation that the second part discussed on, the third part talked about the United States building the natural cover that was set up to keep Soviets petroleum influence from going down south, controlled Middle East petroleum resources, maintained the petroleum charter power, insured the western petroleum to supply and transport safety, kept Soviets petroleum from entering Western Europe, chastened "" newcomer"" and carried on the total analysis to the American petroleum of Middle East safety policy's contents and substances from four aspects. The fourth part: carried on the valuation to the safe policy of American petroleum of Middle East fromfour aspects, analyzed its gain and loss.

确保美国国家安全，遏制苏联石油扩张，保障西方盟国石油供给安全，是美国对外政策尤其是对中东石油安全政策的重大战略目标；在第二部分论述的基础之上，第三部分从美国构建阻止苏联石油势力南下的屏障，控制中东石油资源、维持石油特许权，确保西方石油供给、运输安全，阻止苏联石油进入西欧、遏制&新来者&四个方面对美国中东石油安全政策内容及实质进行总体分析；第四部分，从四个方面对美国中东石油安全政策进行评估，分析其得失。

The present situation of production and trade of liquefied natural gasin the Middle East is described first.

阐述了中东液化天然气的生产和贸易现状，分析了影响中东液化天然气贸易的因素，并对中东液化天然气的出口和贸易前景进行了展

A series of "agreements" and treaties during and after the War redrew the map of the Middle East. Furthermore, Britain and France had "made" there many new states for their own benefits, and changed the fate of the peoples in the Middle East.

战争期间和战后的一系列&协定&和条约重新勾画了中东地图，英法为了自己的利益需求而在中东&制造出&许多新国家，从根本上改变了中东各民族的命运。

By view of the phylogeny of American oil policy in Middle East, we can find that asMiddle East"s oil become more and more important in the world oil market, America"sdesire for Middle Easts oil is getting stronger and stronger.

纵观美国中东石油政策发展的历史可以发现，随着中东在国际石油市场上地位的不断凸显，美国对控制中东石油的欲望逐渐强烈，在中东的石油政策不断调整，对中东地区的势力渗透愈加深刻。

Based on the zigzag development from natural affiliafions tO encumbriance, the display of Islamic factors in China＇s participating in the Middle East affairs offers three attractions: Islamic factors and establishing diplomatic relations between China and the Middle East countries; China＇s participating in the Middle East affairs and the Neo- Pan-Islamism since 1979; Islam fundamentalism movements and China＇s northwest security.

在经历了从中华民国时期的天然联系到新中国早期阻碍延滞的曲折发展之后，从1979年开始，中国参与中东事务时的伊斯兰因素主要表现为三点：伊斯兰因素与中国和中东国家建交；新时期以来中国参与中东事务时的泛伊斯兰因素；伊斯兰原教旨主义运动与中国西北边疆安全。

Generally speaking, the evolutions of the relationship are characterized by the following:(1) Pro-Arab and anti-Israeli is a main thread in the evolutions of this relationship;(2) Whether launching the nonalignment policy becomes an important criteria in judging their relationship;(3) The developing tendency has made the transition from Idealism to realism come true;(4) The relation "core" now has changedfrom Egypt in the 1950s and 1960s, Iraq and Iran in the 1970s to the current multi polar;(5) The important economic feature in their relationship is the imbalances between imports and exports;(6) Different attitudes on Pakistan are important developing features of the relationship between them.

印度通过不结盟政策加强与中东国家的团结与合作，独立自主地处理与中东国家关系，对中东事务的是非曲直做出自己独立的判断，为维护印度的国家利益以及实现对外战略目标，采取相应的对策。(3)维护印度的国家利益，保证印度的主权和领土完整得到尊重，是印度中东政策的立足点。由于中东的战略地位、石油资源、地缘政治、宗教信仰等关系到印度的国家安全和国家利益，因此，发展与中东的友好关系，谋求和维护印度的国家利益，是印度中东外交政策的立足点。(4)扮演&有声有色&大国角色是印度中东政策的首要目标。

As the America turned to Israel, the American-Israeli relations entered a new era. At the same time, most Arab countries were not satisfied with the America, and the anti-America emotion was fierce day by day. The Soviet Union seized the change, infiltrated into some of Arab countries, and had got certain achievements. There also formed some pro-Soviet Countries in the Middle East.

由于美国对以色列的支持，美以关系从此掀开了新的一页，但同时也引起了中东大多数阿拉伯国家的不满，中东地区的反美情绪日趋激烈；苏联趁机向部分阿拉伯国家进行渗透，取得了一定成果，在中东形成了一些亲苏联的国家。

The article analyses the effects from two aspects- area safety and world condition. Then it get the conclusion that the complete democracy is based on Middle East itself not the forces from outside which can only lead to chaos.

从美国的中东政策对地区安全的影响以及对世界局势的影响两个角度阐述了冷战后美国对中东民主化的改造，美国的&大中东战略&对国际局势的影响。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。