中世纪

Throughout the Middle Ages, even Western or Roman Catholics themselves debated the convoking and authority of councils.

整个中世纪，甚至西方或罗马天主教徒自己辩论convoking和权威的议会。

The myth of the origin of the world out of the members of a dead giant or Ur-man is extremely ancient, not only in Iranian speculations but also in Indian mythology (Rig-Veda, X, 90), Indeed if the myth of giant Ymir in Norse Cosmogonies is not merely a medieval invention, as is sometimes asserted, this legend must be one of the earliest possessions of the Aryan race.

神话的起源，世界上走出的成员一人死亡巨人或乌尔-男子是极其古老的，不仅是在伊朗的揣测，而且在印度神话（钻机-吠陀，第十， 90 ），事实上，如果神话巨人伊米尔在北欧cosmogonies不仅是一个中世纪的发明，有时是断言，这传说中，必须之一，最早的遗物的雅利安种族。

By 1744 the Cassinis had crisscrossed the country with 400 such triangles.

在圣米歇尔山，这些从四个不同的点而来的光线，汇集到这座中世纪教堂顶端的三棱镜处。

The sense involving these cruelties was probably present in Middle English and has largely taken over the word.

与残酷行为有关的词义可能在中世纪就存在，后来被保留了下来

In the Middle Ages, around the time the Crusades began, modern shoes appeared on the scene.

在中世纪，大约在十字军东征开始，现代鞋出现在那个舞台。

When Toad found himself immured in a dank and noisome dungeon, and knew that all the grim darkness of a medieval fortress lay between him and the outer world of sunshine and well-metalled high roads where he had lately been so happy, disporting himself as if he had bought up every road in England, he flung himself at full length on the floor, and shed bitter tears, and abandoned himself to dark despair.

蟾蜍被关进了一个阴森森臭哄哄的地牢，他知道，一座暗无天日的中世纪城堡，把他和外面的世界隔绝开来了。外面那个世界，阳光灿烂，碎石子道路纵横交错，前不久，他还在那儿尽情玩乐，好不快活，就像全英国的道路都被他买下了似的。想到这，他一头扑倒在地上，流着辛酸的泪，完全陷入了绝望。

But the art of drugging is little ahead of where it was in the Middle Ages, when Egyptian mummies were in great demand among druggists and "powdered Pharaoh" was considered the greatest remedy for any ill that flesh was heir to.

但是炼药术在中世纪时还是比较成功的，当时埃及木乃伊数量很多，药剂师要进行大量的尸体处理，那个时候人们认为&万能的法老王&是最伟大的疾病治疗者。

Conquered by the Romans in 15 b.c., the region became one of the five preeminent duchies of medieval Germany but was later overrun and ruled by numerous factions and powers.

于公元前15年被罗马人占领，这个地方成了中世纪德国的五个有权势的公爵领地，但是后来被许多势力和政权占领和统治。

In brief, the Renaissance in emancipates the mind, especially has the epoch-making significance to person's liberation, it founded the capitalism beginning, has laid the foundation for the later ideological liberation movement and the bourgeois revolution, may say that it is in a human history of civilization great transformation, is breaks off greatly with the middle ages.

总之，文艺复兴在解放思想，尤其对人的解放上具有划时代意义，它开创了资本主义的先河，为以后的思想解放运动和资产阶级革命奠定了基础，可以说它是人类文明史上的一次伟大变革，是与中世纪的一场大决裂。

In the Middle Ages popular tradition embellished the story in two ways.

在中世纪，这个故事的流行说法有两种。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。