中世纪

The European Medieval Chorus includes religious chorus and nonreligious chorus.

欧洲中世纪合唱艺术的形态主要体现在两个方面：宗教合唱与世俗合唱。

The Lynn White debate, which begun when White called for a rethinking of Christianity or its replacement by a nonWestern religion, has proved an obstacle to dealing with the environmental crisis The defense of Christianity that followed inhibited Asian and comparative environmental ethics in the West and did not produce environmentally useful results Whenever the relationship of religion and the environment was raised, the discussion quickly shifted to the issue of Christian responsibility for the environmental crisis The problem with the debate is that in many important ways, the White thesis is correct: Christianity is indeed responsible to a significant degree in that Christianity desacralized nature and it supported policies politically in the Middle Ages that encouraged now harmful human population growth and promoted science and technology, much of which has proved to be environmentally problematic There was nevertheless a second tradition of which Saint Francis of Assisi was a part that was environmentally friendly and that could be useful in rethinking Christianity environmentally It is however unlikely that Christianity will prove useful in the development of an environmental ethic in nonWestern countries or that nonWestern religions will succeed in producing an environmental ethic in the West It is therefore important that religious scholars move beyond assigning blame for the environmental crisis and find ways for the major world religions to help develop environmental ethics as best they can within their own cultural spheres

林恩怀特争论始于怀特关于对基督教进行重新思考或者由非西方宗教取而代之的呼吁。林恩怀特争论已经被证明成为处理环境危机的一个障碍。由此而起的对基督教的辩护制约了亚洲和其他比较环境伦理学在西方的发展，没有产生对环境有益的结果。无论何时，当人们谈及宗教和环境的关系的时候，讨论都会迅速转向有关基督教对环境危机责任的讨论。这一争论的关键在于，怀特的论文在很多方面是对的：基督教的确在相当大的程度上造成了自然的世俗化，并且在中世纪，基督教在政治上对现在看来有害的人口增长的政策提供了支持，促进了科学和技术的发展，很多诸如此类的政策已经被证明对环境是有害的。但是，基督教还存在另一种对环境友好的传统，Assisi城的&圣芳济&运动就是其中一例，这种传统也许对于从环境角度重新认识基督教是有益的。但是，对于非西方国家环境伦理的发展，基督教将很难能够有所作为，非西方宗教也不大可能成功地在西方产生出某种环境伦理。因此，对于研究宗教的学者们而言，重要的是要走出谁应该为环境危机受到指责的争论，找到世界各主要宗教如何在其各自的文化范围内对发展环境伦理提供最佳帮助的方法。

First their music was paganistic, with lyrics of the germanic religion, but later they turned more and more to real medieval sound and even put e-guitars and electronic in their music.

德国的中世纪乐队，音乐中演奏占了很大的比重，使用大量繁杂的传统民族乐器，加上贯穿始终的电子背景，使得音乐神秘悠扬而有强烈的节奏感，演唱有一些民谣金的感觉，总得来说既悦耳，又很有宗教气息。

In addition, they were influenced by the patristic writings and attracted to the ritual and worship of the early and medieval church.

此外，他们的影响教父的著作和吸引仪式和宗教的早期和中世纪教堂。

The most prominent characteristic of the Pentateuchal law, as compared with the laws of ancient peoples and of medieval Europe, is mildness, a feature which is still further developed in the Talmud.

最突出的特点Pentateuchal法律，而法律的古老民族和中世纪的欧洲，是温和，这一特点仍然是进一步发展中塔木德。

The most prominent characteristic of the Pentateuchal law, as compared with the laws of ancient peoples and of medieval Europe, is mildness, a feature which is still further developed in the Talmud.

最突出的特点，该pentateuchal法，与法律古代人民和欧洲中世纪，是温和，一项功能，该功能仍然是进一步发展，在塔木德。

Middle English pikel , the ancestor of our word, is first recorded around 1400 with the meaning "spicy sauce or gravy served with meat or fowl."

中世纪英语中的 pikel，也就是我们这词的祖先，大约在1400年第一次被记录，意思是&加有肉或禽肉的多香料的调味汁或肉汁。&

Middle English pikel, the ancestor of our word, is first recorded around 1400 with the meaning "a spicy sauce or gravy served with meat or fowl."

中世纪英语中的pikel ，也就是我们这词的祖先，大约在1400年第一次被记录，意思是&加有肉或禽肉的多香料的调味汁或肉汁。&

American writer best known for a series of satirical novels, including Jurgen(1919), set in a fictitious medieval French province called Poictesme.

卡贝尔，詹姆斯·布朗奇1879－1958美国作家，以一系列讽刺小说而成名，包括朱根（1919年），讲述发生在中世纪时一个虚构的法国省份的故事

Despite the fact that humans are naturally polygynous, most industrial societies are monogamous because men tend to be more or less equal in their resources compared with their ancestors in medieval times.

尽管实事上人类天性是一夫多妻制，大多数工业社会都是一夫一妻制，因为相对于中世纪的祖先而言，现代男性差不多平等地占有资源。

But we don't care about Battlegrounds.

但我们并不在乎沙场中的显露。

Ah! don't mention it, the butcher's shop is a horror.

啊！不用提了。提到肉，真是糟透了。