中世纪

But it was the Will of the Eastern Empire only and the researches of Savigny have shown that in Western Europe the old Mancipatory Testament, with all its apparatus of conveyance, copper, and scales, continued to be the form in use far down in the Middle Ages.

但这只是东罗马帝国的"遗嘱"；根据萨维尼的研究，显示出在西罗马帝国，直到中世纪，旧的"曼企帕地荷遗命"连同让与、铜和天平等工具，仍旧被继续使用着。

In medieval scholasticism they were the subject of considerable attention cf.

在中世纪经院，他们的议题相当关注

This was diametrically opposed to the natural theology of medieval scholasticism.

这是截然相反的自然神学的中世纪经院。

The teaching of the Schoolmen shows a marked advance upon that of the early Middle Ages.

教学的schoolmen表明，上一个大台阶后，即中世纪早期。

The tradition of the order, while admitted by many of the medieval Schoolmen, was contested by not a few authors.

传统的一声令下，同时也承认，许多中世纪schoolmen ，是有争议的，没有几个作家。

He went upstairs to put on his slippersDhis elegant slippers of seal -brown, shaped like medieval shoes

他上楼去换了拖鞋――一双黄褐色、中世纪式样的漂亮的拖鞋。收藏反馈

This thesis, from two aspects of self-concentration and caring for others, to elaborate on the manifesting of the human nature attention in contemporary China metropolis theme oil painting.

欧洲文艺复兴高举以人性论为核心的人文主义旗帜，以此来对抗统治整个中世纪欧洲的封建集权和宗教神权。文艺复兴于

The main part includes three sections:I. The background of origin of medieval universities, which included two points: First, the need of the society: the need of the society for legal experts; the need of church to self-perfect; the need of scholars for reason and freedom; opposition of the citizens. Second, the influence of translation from Arabian works helped to bring about the rise of the university.

正文分三个部分：一、分析中世纪大学产生的历史背景，主要有二，即社会的需求：包括社会对法律人才的需求；教会自我完善的需要；学者们追求理性与自由的需要；市民的反对；对阿拉伯文书籍的翻译。

As a kind of the self-regulative professional organization, the origin of Professional Association can be tracked back to Craft Gild and Merchant Gild in ancient Greece and Europe in Middle Ages from this point on, Professional Association is an economic system older than the enterprise.

作为自律性的行业组织，行业协会的起源可以追溯到古希腊手工业行会和中世纪欧洲的商人行会和手工业行会，在这一意义上，行业协会是一种比企业还古老的经济制度。

Different text of the Western idol worship is divided into three important historical periods : ancient times -- primitive worship. Middle Ages -- Knight worship of the Church and, in modern times -- the self-worship. and in these historical periods under the backs of these idols in Western eyes of the Westerners analysis to observe how they evaluate their own values and how to handle their relations with the community.

文中把不同的西方偶像崇拜划分为三个重要的历史时期：远古时期——原始崇拜，中世纪——教会和骑士崇拜，近代——个人的自我崇拜，并在这些历史时期的背影下对这些西方偶像在西方人心目中的地位来分析，借以观察他们是如何评价自身价值，如何处理自身与社会的关系。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。